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Improved Query Performance with Variant Indexes

Summary: Reviews read-mostly indexing tech and proposes two variant indexes: Projection indexing (column values in RID order) and Bit-Sliced (bitwise view). Shows targeted performance gains over conventional indexes for certain aggregations, predicates, and multi-dimensional group-by queries, including a novel OLAP-like grouping method. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
2995
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
1997
Pagerank
0.00033932213
Overall Rank
104 | 99.29%
DOI
10.1145/253260.253268

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{oneil_sigmod97,
        title = {{Improved Query Performance with Variant Indexes}},
        author = {O'Neil, Patrick and Quass, Dallan},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '97},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/253260.253268},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/253260.253268},
        year = {1997}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 64 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
12 C-Store: A Column-oriented DBMS 2005 VLDB 0.00069513174
49 Weaving Relations for Cache Performance 2001 VLDB 0.00043781096
60 Integrating Compression and Execution in Column-Oriented Database Systems 2006 SIGMOD 0.0003955489
227 Small Materialized Aggregates: A Light Weight Index Structure for Data Warehousing 1998 VLDB 0.00023958508
293 Implementing Database Operations Using SIMD Instructions 2002 SIGMOD 0.00022259273
394 A Case for Fractured Mirrors 2002 VLDB 0.00019306179
513 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00017190574
721 Database Architecture Evolution: Mammals Flourished long before Dinosaurs became Extinct 2009 VLDB 0.00014631814
794 Bitmap Index Design and Evaluation 1998 SIGMOD 0.00013969303
832 Streaming Queries over Streaming Data 2002 VLDB 0.00013736125
870 BitWeaving: Fast Scans for Main Memory Data Processing 2013 SIGMOD 0.0001350293
995 Multi-Dimensional Database Allocation for Parallel Data Warehouses 2000 VLDB 0.00012758724
1,107 Simultaneous Optimization and Evaluation of Multiple Dimensional Queries 1998 SIGMOD 0.00012145695
1,242 Druid: A Real-time Analytical Data Store 2014 SIGMOD 0.00011516162
1,464 An Efficient Bitmap Encoding Scheme for Selection Queries 1999 SIGMOD 0.00010689981
1,492 BF-Tree: Approximate Tree Indexing 2014 VLDB 0.00010588267
1,507 Column Imprints: A Secondary Index Structure 2013 SIGMOD 0.0001054177
1,732 Caching Multidimensional Queries Using Chunks 1998 SIGMOD 9.9065981e-05
1,761 ByteSlice: Pushing the Envelop of Main Memory Data Processing with a New Storage Layout 2015 SIGMOD 9.8154969e-05
2,093 Reusing Invariants: A New Strategy for Correlated Queries 1998 SIGMOD 9.1831198e-05
2,161 DIFF: A Relational Interface for Large-Scale Data Explanation 2019 VLDB 9.0606664e-05
2,206 DAQ: A New Paradigm for Approximate Query Processing 2015 VLDB 8.957715e-05
2,292 Answering Aggregation Queries in a Secure System Model 2007 VLDB 8.7961091e-05
2,396 A Novel Index Supporting High Volume Data Warehouse Insertions 1999 VLDB 8.6345567e-05
2,773 On the Performance of Bitmap Indices for High Cardinality Attributes 2004 VLDB 8.1382209e-05
2,937 Column Sketches: A Scan Accelerator for Rapid and Robust Predicate Evaluation 2018 SIGMOD 7.9435581e-05
3,363 Efficient k-NN Search on Vertically Decomposed Data 2002 SIGMOD 7.4808966e-05
3,406 Cache-Conscious Radix-Decluster Projections 2004 VLDB 7.4392655e-05
3,414 Managing Expressions as Data in Relational Database Systems 2003 CIDR 7.4313224e-05
3,524 Lazy, Adaptive RID-List Intersection, and Its Application to Index Anding 2007 SIGMOD 7.3448437e-05
3,597 Bit-Sliced Index Arithmetic 2001 SIGMOD 7.2721197e-05
3,753 High-Dimensional OLAP: A Minimal Cubing Approach 2004 VLDB 7.1505817e-05
4,587 Answering Top-k Queries with Multi-Dimensional Selections: The Ranking Cube Approach 2006 VLDB 6.6170389e-05
4,656 Query Optimization for Selections using Bitmaps 1999 SIGMOD 6.5834278e-05
4,782 Cuckoo Index: A Lightweight Secondary Index Structure 2020 VLDB 6.5115802e-05
4,798 Accelerating Generalized Linear Models with MLWeaving: A One-Size-Fits-All System for Any-Precision Learning 2019 VLDB 6.5024772e-05
4,826 Design Tradeoffs of Data Access Methods 2016 SIGMOD 6.4904836e-05
4,988 UpBit: Scalable In-Memory Updatable Bitmap Indexing 2016 SIGMOD 6.4107392e-05
5,122 A Padded Encoding Scheme to Accelerate Scans by Leveraging Skew 2015 SIGMOD 6.3573169e-05
5,443 Generalized Hash Teams for Join and Group-by 1999 VLDB 6.2177595e-05
5,472 Approximate Encoding for Direct Access and Query Processing over Compressed Bitmaps 2006 VLDB 6.2058219e-05
5,512 BinDex: A Two-Layered Index for Fast and Robust Scans 2020 SIGMOD 6.1913331e-05
5,638 An Alternative Storage Organization for ROLAP Aggregate Views Based on Cubetrees 1998 SIGMOD 6.138684e-05
6,152 Supporting RFID-based Item Tracking Applications in Oracle DBMS Using a Bitmap Datatype 2005 VLDB 5.9573045e-05
6,815 Supporting Ranking and Clustering as Generalized Order-By and Group-By 2007 SIGMOD 5.7652375e-05
6,879 Oracle8i Index-Organized Table and its Application to New Domains 2000 VLDB 5.7475732e-05
7,162 Processing Star Queries on Hierarchically-Clustered Fact Tables 2002 VLDB 5.6851725e-05
7,612 Snakes and Sandwiches: Optimal Clustering Strategies for a Data Warehouse 1999 SIGMOD 5.5834218e-05
7,721 Identifying Insufficient Data Coverage in Databases with Multiple Relations 2020 VLDB 5.5587371e-05
7,960 CUBIT: Concurrent Updatable Bitmap Indexing 2025 VLDB 5.5181056e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 3 of 3 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
11 Implementing Data Cubes Efficiently 1996 SIGMOD 0.00071822821
336 THE 5 MINUTE RULE FOR TRADING MEMORY FOR DISC ACCESSES and THE 10 BYTE RULE FOR TRADING MEMORY FOR CPU TIME 1987 SIGMOD 0.00020845451
608 "One Size Fits All" Database Architectures Do Not Work For DSS 1995 SIGMOD 0.00015795625
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