Locally Adaptive Dimensionality Reduction for Indexing Large Time Series Databases

Summary: APCA yields per-series, locally optimized segments of varying lengths for high-fidelity reconstruction. Index APCA on a multidimensional index with LB and a tight non-LB distance, enabling fast exact and approximate searches. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 3327
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2001
Pagerank: 0.00026105472
Overall Rank: 190 | 98.70%
DOI: 10.1145/375663.375680

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Eamonn Keogh (University of California Irvine)
2. Kaushik Chakrabarti (University of California Irvine)
3. Sharad Mehrotra (University of California Irvine)
4. Michael Pazzani (University of California Irvine)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{keogh_sigmod01,
        title = {{Locally Adaptive Dimensionality Reduction for Indexing Large Time Series Databases}},
        author = {Keogh, Eamonn and Chakrabarti, Kaushik and Mehrotra, Sharad and Pazzani, Michael},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '01},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/375663.375680},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/375663.375680},
        year = {2001}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 59 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
148	Gorilla: A Fast, Scalable, In-Memory Time Series Database	2015	VLDB	0.00029250767
221	Robust and Fast Similarity Search for Moving Object Trajectories	2005	SIGMOD	0.00024224879
303	On The Marriage of Lp-norms and Edit Distance	2004	VLDB	0.00021956234
601	Exact Indexing of Dynamic Time Warping	2002	VLDB	0.00015870156
668	StatStream: Statistical Monitoring of Thousands of Data Streams in Real Time	2002	VLDB	0.00015166017
898	Querying and Mining of Time Series Data: Experimental Comparison of Representations and Distance Measures	2008	VLDB	0.00013339042
1,046	Warping Indexes with Envelope Transforms for Query by Humming	2003	SIGMOD	0.00012440091
1,084	A Data-adaptive and Dynamic Segmentation Index for Whole Matching on Time Series	2013	VLDB	0.00012256753
1,280	Indexing Spatio-Temporal Trajectories with Chebyshev Polynomials	2004	SIGMOD	0.00011354776
1,526	Ordering the Attributes of Query Results	2006	SIGMOD	0.00010491673
1,579	k-Shape: Efficient and Accurate Clustering of Time Series	2015	SIGMOD	0.00010305183
1,722	Indexable PLA for Efficient Similarity Search	2007	VLDB	9.9227051e-05
1,764	Fast Approximate Correlation for Massive Time-series Data	2010	SIGMOD	9.8120315e-05
2,441	Optimal Multi-scale Patterns in Time Series Streams	2006	SIGMOD	8.5779023e-05
2,467	An Efficient and Accurate Method for Evaluating Time Series Similarity	2007	SIGMOD	8.5390765e-05
2,534	ELPIS: Graph-Based Similarity Search for Scalable Data Science	2023	VLDB	8.4561875e-05
2,659	Identifying Similarities, Periodicities and Bursts for Online Search Queries	2004	SIGMOD	8.286986e-05
2,734	Return of the Lernaean Hydra: Experimental Evaluation of Data Series Approximate Similarity Search	2020	VLDB	8.190416e-05
3,037	The Lernaean Hydra of Data Series Similarity Search: An Experimental Evaluation of the State of the Art	2019	VLDB	7.8275859e-05
3,111	REHIST: Relative Error Histogram Construction Algorithms	2004	VLDB	7.7470414e-05
3,240	Graph-Based Vector Search: An Experimental Evaluation of the State-of-the-Art	2025	SIGMOD	7.6071649e-05
3,267	FTW: Fast Similarity Search under the Time Warping Distance	2005	PODS	7.5816553e-05
3,920	Continually Evaluating Similarity-Based Pattern Queries on a Streaming Time Series	2002	SIGMOD	7.0171134e-05
4,151	YADING: Fast Clustering of Large-Scale Time Series Data	2015	VLDB	6.8703273e-05
4,212	Data Series Progressive Similarity Search with Probabilistic Quality Guarantees	2020	SIGMOD	6.8283344e-05
4,234	GRAIL: Efficient Time-Series Representation Learning	2019	VLDB	6.8171563e-05
4,496	Sim-Piece: Highly Accurate Piecewise Linear Approximation through Similar Segment Merging	2023	VLDB	6.6622617e-05
4,506	Matrix Profile X: VALMOD - Scalable Discovery of Variable-Length Motifs in Data Series	2018	SIGMOD	6.6569729e-05
4,604	Debunking Four Long-Standing Misconceptions of Time-Series Distance Measures	2020	SIGMOD	6.6104585e-05
4,665	Coconut: A Scalable Bottom-Up Approach for Building Data Series Indexes	2018	VLDB	6.5780693e-05
4,819	Space efficiency in Synopsis construction algorithms	2005	VLDB	6.4940349e-05
4,867	Indexing Large Human-Motion Databases	2004	VLDB	6.4720439e-05
5,162	Online Event-driven Subsequence Matching over Financial Data Streams	2004	SIGMOD	6.339805e-05
5,231	Hercules Against Data Series Similarity Search	2022	VLDB	6.3068064e-05
5,592	Ranked Subsequence Matching in Time-Series Databases	2007	VLDB	6.1552372e-05
6,061	VergeDB: A Database for IoT Analytics on Edge Devices	2021	CIDR	5.9910733e-05
6,189	Subsequence Matching on Structured Time Series Data	2005	SIGMOD	5.9483531e-05
6,391	Fast-Forwarding to Desired Visualizations with zenvisage	2017	CIDR	5.8893647e-05
6,513	Indexing the Earth Mover’s Distance Using Normal Distributions	2012	VLDB	5.8560106e-05
6,517	Interactive Time Series Exploration Powered by the Marriage of Similarity Distances	2017	VLDB	5.8538485e-05
6,556	Hierarchical Residual Encoding for Multiresolution Time Series Compression	2023	SIGMOD	5.8404094e-05
6,756	On Efficiently Searching Trajectories and Archival Data for Historical Similarities	2008	VLDB	5.7829178e-05
7,309	Set-based Similarity Search for Time Series	2016	SIGMOD	5.649535e-05
7,414	GAMPS: Compressing Multi Sensor Data by Grouping and Amplitude Scaling	2009	SIGMOD	5.624223e-05
8,107	Anticipatory DTW for Efficient Similarity Search in Time Series Databases	2009	VLDB	5.4851245e-05
8,655	A Non-Linear Dimensionality-Reduction Technique for Fast Similarity Search in Large Databases	2006	SIGMOD	5.3910353e-05
9,209	Optimality and Scalability in Lattice Histogram Construction	2009	VLDB	5.3058708e-05
9,252	An Algorithmic Approach to Event Summarization	2010	SIGMOD	5.2977079e-05
9,278	Odyssey: A Journey in the Land of Distributed Data Series Similarity Search	2023	VLDB	5.2936898e-05
9,377	LeaFi: Data Series Indexes on Steroids with Learned Filters	2025	SIGMOD	5.2755515e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 12 of 12 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2	R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching	1984	SIGMOD	0.0020210012
28	Nearest Neighbor Queries	1995	SIGMOD	0.00052102434
41	Fast Subsequence Matching in Time-Series Databases	1994	SIGMOD	0.00046675394
371	Fast Similarity Search in the Presence of Noise, Scaling, and Translation in Time-Series Databases	1995	VLDB	0.00019869565
468	Fast Time Sequence Indexing for Arbitrary Lp Norms	2000	VLDB	0.00017986163
610	Efficiently Supporting Ad Hoc Queries in Large Datasets of Time Sequences	1997	SIGMOD	0.00015783259
796	Optimal Multi-Step k-Nearest Neighbor Search	1998	SIGMOD	0.00013932561
797	Dimensionality Reduction for Similarity Searching in Dynamic Databases	1998	SIGMOD	0.00013927251
810	Similarity-Based Queries for Time Series Data	1997	SIGMOD	0.00013874464
1,318	Querying Shapes of Histories	1995	VLDB	0.00011178588
1,602	Local Dimensionality Reduction: A New Approach to Indexing High Dimensional Spaces	2000	VLDB	0.00010239526
3,252	Fast Time-Series Searching with Scaling and Shifting	1999	PODS	7.5951443e-05

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#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	1,084	A Data-adaptive and Dynamic Segmentation Index for Whole Matching on Time Series	2013	VLDB
2	8,107	Anticipatory DTW for Efficient Similarity Search in Time Series Databases	2009	VLDB
3	601	Exact Indexing of Dynamic Time Warping	2002	VLDB
4	468	Fast Time Sequence Indexing for Arbitrary Lp Norms	2000	VLDB
5	6,756	On Efficiently Searching Trajectories and Archival Data for Historical Similarities	2008	VLDB
6	810	Similarity-Based Queries for Time Series Data	1997	SIGMOD
7	797	Dimensionality Reduction for Similarity Searching in Dynamic Databases	1998	SIGMOD
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