The Past, Present and Future of Indexing on Persistent Memory

Summary: Comprehensive survey of persistent-memory indexing for range and hash indexes, outlining design techniques for fast, durable PM-backed data structures. Contrasts pre-PM proposals with PM-realized designs and outlines future challenges in PM indexing. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 12886
Venue: VLDB
Year: 2022
Pagerank: 4.4157721e-05
Overall Rank: 8,984 | 37.51%
DOI: 10.14778/3554821.3554897

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 3 of 3 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
8,119	DecLog: Decentralized Logging in Non-Volatile Memory for Time Series Database Systems	2024	VLDB	4.5809563e-05
8,855	A Design Space Exploration and Evaluation for Main-Memory Hash Joins in Storage Class Memory	2023	VLDB	4.4348906e-05
11,007	Breathing New Life into An Old Tree: Resolving Logging Dilemma of B+-tree on Modern Computational Storage Drives	2024	VLDB	4.1945683e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 17 of 17 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
102	The Case for Learned Index Structures	2018	SIGMOD	0.00049545203
576	Rethinking Database Algorithms for Phase Change Memory	2011	CIDR	0.00019865648
680	FPTree: A Hybrid SCM-DRAM Persistent and Concurrent B-Tree for Storage Class Memory	2016	SIGMOD	0.0001821501
819	Persistent B+-Trees in Non-Volatile Main Memory	2015	VLDB	0.00016298164
826	ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index	2020	SIGMOD	0.00016224841
1,405	BzTree: A High-Performance Latch-free Range Index for Non-Volatile Memory	2018	VLDB	0.00012174592
1,888	Dash: Scalable Hashing on Persistent Memory	2020	VLDB	0.00010202743
2,510	LB+-Trees: Optimizing Persistent Index Performance on 3DXPoint Memory	2020	VLDB	8.6204284e-05
2,992	DPTree: Differential Indexing for Persistent Memory	2020	VLDB	7.7693475e-05
3,470	Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes	2020	VLDB	7.0655357e-05
3,939	How to Build a Non-Volatile Memory Database Management System	2017	SIGMOD	6.6155594e-05
4,084	APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory	2022	VLDB	6.4622113e-05
5,175	Data Management in Non-Volatile Memory	2015	SIGMOD	5.6439952e-05
6,472	NBTree: a Lock-free PM-friendly Persistent B+-Tree for eADR-enabled PM Systems	2022	VLDB	5.0510585e-05
7,630	Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes: Part Two	2022	VLDB	4.6923637e-05
7,741	Modern Main-Memory Database Systems	2016	VLDB	4.6632535e-05
9,276	Extending the Lifetime of NVM: Challenges and Opportunities	2021	VLDB	4.3641144e-05

Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
7,873	PiBench Online: Interactive Benchmarking of Persistent Memory Indexes	2020	VLDB	4.6305331e-05
9,746	Why Are Learned Indexes So Effective but Sometimes Ineffective?	2025	VLDB	4.2897489e-05
1,195	Buffering Accesses to Memory-Resident Index Structures	2003	VLDB	0.00013406526
2,992	DPTree: Differential Indexing for Persistent Memory	2020	VLDB	7.7693475e-05
4,084	APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory	2022	VLDB	6.4622113e-05
6,142	SSDs Striking Back: The Storage Jungle and Its Implications on Persistent Indexes	2022	CIDR	5.1890295e-05
6,229	When Tree Meets Hash: Reducing Random Reads for Index Structures on Persistent Memories	2023	SIGMOD	5.1463389e-05
3,470	Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes	2020	VLDB	7.0655357e-05
4,903	Persistent Memory Hash Indexes: An Experimental Evaluation	2021	VLDB	5.8399968e-05
7,630	Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes: Part Two	2022	VLDB	4.6923637e-05