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Utilization of B-trees with Inserts, Deletes and Modifies

Summary: Extends Yao-style analysis to B-tree equilibrium under parameterized mixes of inserts and deletes (modifies as delete+insert), deriving per-level split/merge probabilities and accounting for intra-node "ghost" items. Shows utilization can fall to ~39% for heavy modify workloads, gives a rule-of-thumb for split probability and two analytical models (one more accurate by modeling ghosted items). (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
869
Venue
PODS
Year
1989
Pagerank
8.0287397e-05
Overall Rank
2,847 | 80.22%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 11 of 11 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,478 Write-Optimized B-Trees 2004 VLDB 0.00011727205
1,573 Performance of B-Tree Concurrency Control Algorithms 1991 SIGMOD 0.00011293832
2,243 Lazy Updates for Distributed Search Structure 1993 SIGMOD 9.212156e-05
2,508 LB+-Trees: Optimizing Persistent Index Performance on 3DXPoint Memory 2020 VLDB 8.6251065e-05
3,482 Optimal Column Layout for Hybrid Workloads 2019 VLDB 7.0514808e-05
5,239 A Framework for the Performance Analysis of Concurrent B-tree Algorithms 1990 PODS 5.6060584e-05
7,480 Buffered Persistence in B+ Trees 2024 SIGMOD 4.7135369e-05
8,032 Contention and Space Management in B-Trees 2021 CIDR 4.5983032e-05
11,010 Breathing New Life into An Old Tree: Resolving Logging Dilemma of B+-tree on Modern Computational Storage Drives 2024 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
12,169 No Bits Left Behind 2011 CIDR 4.1905499e-05
12,583 Transaction support for indexed summary views 2004 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 0 of 0 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
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