Optimization of Real Conjunctive Queries

Summary: Analyzes optimization of conjunctive queries under bag (multiset) semantics rather than the usual set semantics. Shows that classical set-based rewrite rules and complexity results do not generalize, exposing distinct correctness conditions and optimization obstacles. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 987
Venue: PODS
Year: 1993
Pagerank: 0.00021768596
Overall Rank: 309 | 97.89%
DOI: 10.1145/153850.153856

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Surajit Chaudhuri (Hewlett Packard Enterprise)
2. Moshe Y. Vardi (IBM)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{chaudhuri_pods93,
        address = {New York, NY, USA},
        series = {{PODS} '93},
        title = {{Optimization of Real Conjunctive Queries}},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/153850.153856},
        doi = {10.1145/153850.153856},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} Symposium on {Principles} of {Database} {Systems}},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        author = {Chaudhuri, Surajit and Vardi, Moshe Y.},
        year = {1993}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 41 of 41 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
531	An Annotation Management System for Relational Databases	2004	VLDB	0.00017083233
552	Extending Query Rewriting Techniques for Fine-Grained Access Control	2004	SIGMOD	0.00016630306
554	Answering Queries with Aggregation Using Views	1996	VLDB	0.00016580778
869	Rewriting Aggregate Queries Using Views	1999	PODS	0.00013503594
1,269	The Containment Problem for Real Conjunctive Queries with Inequalities	2006	PODS	0.000113935
1,708	Using Schematically Heterogeneous Structures	1998	SIGMOD	9.958846e-05
1,777	Deciding Containment for Queries with Complex Objects (Extended Abstract)	1997	PODS	9.7849758e-05
1,829	Axiomatic Foundations and Algorithms for Deciding Semantic Equivalences of SQL Queries	2018	VLDB	9.6671311e-05
2,238	Deciding Equivalences among Aggregate Queries	1998	PODS	8.8882317e-05
2,305	Querying Aggregate Data	1999	PODS	8.7766218e-05
2,686	On Improving User Response Times in Tableau	2015	SIGMOD	8.25822e-05
2,887	Efficient Multi-way Theta-Join Processing Using MapReduce	2012	VLDB	7.9952432e-05
3,327	Automated Verification of Query Equivalence Using Satisfiability Modulo Theories	2019	VLDB	7.518491e-05
3,457	Bag Query Containment and Information Theory	2020	PODS	7.3981641e-05
3,498	Attacking Diophantus: Solving a Special Case of Bag Containment	2019	PODS	7.3629798e-05
3,769	Proving Query Equivalence Using Linear Integer Arithmetic	2023	SIGMOD	7.1403543e-05
4,976	SPORES: Sum-Product Optimization via Relational Equality Saturation for Large Scale Linear Algebra	2020	VLDB	6.4168322e-05
5,062	Equivalence of Queries Combining Set and Bag-Set Semantics	2006	PODS	6.3799383e-05
5,736	On the Containment and Equivalence of Database Queries with Linear Constraints* (Extended Abstract)	1997	PODS	6.1050534e-05
5,936	Rewriting Nested XML Queries Using Nested Views	2006	SIGMOD	6.0353909e-05
6,166	Classification of Annotation Semirings over Query Containment	2012	PODS	5.952604e-05
6,185	Containment of Nested XML Queries	2004	VLDB	5.9488248e-05
6,365	Explainable Security for Relational Databases	2014	SIGMOD	5.8985919e-05
6,542	Determinacy of Real Conjunctive Queries. The Boolean Case	2022	PODS	5.8466322e-05
7,020	The Generalized Pre-Grouping Transformation: Aggregate Query Optimization in the Presence of Dependencies	2003	VLDB	5.7245921e-05
7,121	Query Evaluation using Overlapping Views: Completeness and Efficiency	2006	SIGMOD	5.6969248e-05
7,186	Structure and Complexity of Bag Consistency	2021	PODS	5.6777112e-05
7,269	A Unified Approach for Resilience and Causal Responsibility with Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and LP Relaxations	2023	SIGMOD	5.6595955e-05
7,849	New Techniques for Studying Set Languages, Bag Languages and Aggregate Functions	1994	PODS	5.5324391e-05
8,465	Predicate Pushdown for Data Science Pipelines	2023	SIGMOD	5.4194578e-05
8,713	Efficient XML-to-SQL Query Translation: Where to Add the Intelligence?	2004	VLDB	5.3778229e-05
8,971	Equivalence of Nested Queries with Mixed Semantics	2009	PODS	5.3420194e-05
9,184	Complex Event Recognition meets Hierarchical Conjunctive Queries	2024	PODS	5.3058708e-05
9,946	Bag Semantics Conjunctive Query Containment. Four Small Steps Towards Undecidability.	2024	PODS	5.1915905e-05
10,175	Bag Semantics Query Containment: The CQ vs. UCQ Case and Other Stories	2026	PODS	5.093636e-05
11,832	Testability of Homomorphism Inadmissibility: Property Testing Meets Database Theory	2019	PODS	5.093636e-05
11,852	An Efficient Index for RDF Query Containment	2019	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
11,901	How Can Reasoners Simplify Database Querying (And Why Haven’t They Done It Yet)?	2018	PODS	5.093636e-05
12,093	Raising Authorization Awareness in a DBMS	2015	CIDR	5.093636e-05
12,492	Equivalence of SQL Queries In Presence of Embedded Dependencies	2009	PODS	5.093636e-05
13,022	Tutorial: Languages for Collection Types	1994	PODS	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
1	Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System	1979	SIGMOD	0.0024089429
97	Efficient Optimization of a Class of Relational Expressions	1978	SIGMOD	0.00034574497
527	The Magic of Duplicates and Aggregates	1990	VLDB	0.00017108864
1,095	An Extended Relational Algebra with Control Over Duplicate Elimination	1982	PODS	0.00012207515

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2	7,121	Query Evaluation using Overlapping Views: Completeness and Efficiency	2006	SIGMOD
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