A Comparative Study of Secondary Indexing Techniques in LSM-based NoSQL Databases

Summary: Taxonomy of NoSQL secondary indexes: Embedded vs Stand-alone. LevelDB++ implements 5 index types atop LevelDB; empirical study shows no single winner; embedded indexes boost write throughput and space efficiency, stand-alone indexes speed up queries; workload-driven guideline. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 5608
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2018
Pagerank: 6.4015289e-05
Overall Rank: 5,012 | 65.62%
DOI: 10.1145/3183713.3196900

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Mohiuddin Abdul Qader (University of California Riverside)
2. Shiwen Cheng (University of California Riverside)
3. Vagelis Hristidis (University of California Riverside)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{qader_sigmod18,
        title = {{A Comparative Study of Secondary Indexing Techniques in LSM-based NoSQL Databases}},
        author = {Qader, Mohiuddin Abdul and Cheng, Shiwen and Hristidis, Vagelis},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '18},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3183713.3196900},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3183713.3196900},
        year = {2018}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 11 of 11 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
4,262	On Performance Stability in LSM-based Storage Systems	2020	VLDB	6.7965035e-05
5,226	Breaking Down Memory Walls: Adaptive Memory Management in LSM-based Storage Systems	2021	VLDB	6.3090383e-05
5,229	Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores	2022	SIGMOD	6.307514e-05
6,843	Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads	2023	SIGMOD	5.7573899e-05
7,459	Efficient Data Ingestion and Query Processing for LSM-Based Storage Systems	2019	VLDB	5.6119467e-05
8,811	ArceKV: Towards Workload-driven LSM-compactions for Key-Value Store Under Dynamic Workloads	2026	VLDB	5.3652966e-05
8,896	Aster: Enhancing LSM-structures for Scalable Graph Database	2025	SIGMOD	5.3495662e-05
9,465	Are Joins over LSM-trees Ready? Take RocksDB as an Example	2025	VLDB	5.2634238e-05
9,970	NEXT: A New Secondary Index Framework for LSM-based Data Storage	2025	SIGMOD	5.1845938e-05
10,134	A Multi-tenant Relational OLTP Database at Salesforce	2026	CIDR	5.093636e-05
11,867	Block as a Value for SQL over NoSQL	2019	VLDB	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
472	Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB	2017	CIDR	0.000179044
1,749	PaxosStore: High-availability Storage Made Practical in WeChat	2017	VLDB	9.8395185e-05
1,874	Storage Management in AsterixDB	2014	VLDB	9.5750002e-05
2,966	Asynchronous View Maintenance for VLSD Databases	2009	SIGMOD	7.9152992e-05
3,026	Database Replication: a Tale of Research across Communities	2010	VLDB	7.8384865e-05

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