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A Comprehensive Survey and Experimental Study of Subgraph Matching: Trends, Unbiasedness, and Interaction

Summary: Comprehensive survey and experimental study of subgraph matching, examining current trends, unbiased evaluation, and cross-stage interactions under the embedding enumeration framework. Shows backtracking enhancements as a dominant trend, demonstrates powerful bias from output-size limits, and uses embeddings per second to compare 10 techniques per stage across all feasible combinations, and fosters reproducible comparisons across benchmarks. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
6931
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2024
Pagerank
6.4127092e-05
Overall Rank
4,983 | 65.82%
DOI
10.1145/3639315

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{zhang_sigmod24,
        title = {{A Comprehensive Survey and Experimental Study of Subgraph Matching: Trends, Unbiasedness, and Interaction}},
        author = {Zhang, Zhijie and Lu, Yujie and Zheng, Weiguo and Lin, Xuemin},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '24},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3639315},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3639315},
        year = {2024}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 19 of 19 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7,150 BSX : Subgraph Matching with Batch Backtracking Search 2025 SIGMOD 5.687428e-05
9,617 NeuSO: Neural Optimizer for Subgraph Queries 2026 SIGMOD 5.2434488e-05
9,693 Subgraph Matching: A New Decomposition Based Approach 2025 VLDB 5.2351259e-05
10,084 MAVIS: Materialized View for Subgraph Matching 2026 SIGMOD 5.1573064e-05
10,204 Beyond Maximum Common Subgraph: A Framework Maximizing Shared Computation for Multi-Query Subgraph Matching 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,294 Sublime: Selecting Subgraph Matching Algorithms via Machine Learning 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,312 BEE: Towards Redundancy Reduction via Block-Separator Decomposition for Subgraph Matching 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,375 GraphMatch: Subgraph Query Processing on Steroids 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,419 A Comprehensive Survey of Subgraph Matching: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,452 Enumerating Graph Pattern Matches with ML Oracles 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,524 A Semantics-aware Approach for Graph Edit Distance Estimation over Knowledge Graphs 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,552 CEMR: An Effective Subgraph Matching Algorithm with Redundant Extension Elimination 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,558 Characterizing Parallel Subgraph Matching Performance: A Systematic Study of Interactions, Scalability, and Enumeration 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,564 gMatch: Fine-Grained and Hardware-Efficient Subgraph Matching on GPUs 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,606 Efficient Partition-based Approaches for Diversified Top-k Subgraph Matching 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,787 cuMatch: A GPU-based Memory-Efficient Worst-case Optimal Join Processing Method for Subgraph Queries with Complex Patterns 2025 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,885 Efficient and Accurate Subgraph Counting: A Bottom-up Flow-learning Based Approach 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,952 Accelerating Subgraph Matching through Fine-grained and Powerful Equivalences 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,075 Mix & Match: Subgraph Matching for Absolute Coverage 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 41 of 41 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
3 Pregel: A System for Large-Scale Graph Processing 2010 SIGMOD 0.0012250108
177 Graph Indexing: A Frequent Structure-based Approach 2004 SIGMOD 0.00027100548
211 EmptyHeaded: A Relational Engine for Graph Processing 2016 SIGMOD 0.00024797217
264 The Ubiquity of Large Graphs and Surprising Challenges of Graph Processing 2018 VLDB 0.00022980015
294 Graphs-at-a-time: Query Language and Access Methods for Graph Databases 2008 SIGMOD 0.00022253507
321 Worst-Case Optimal Join Algorithms: Techniques, Results, and Open Problems 2018 PODS 0.00021283186
411 Worst-case Optimal Join Algorithms 2012 PODS 0.00018902089
442 Efficient Subgraph Matching on Billion Node Graphs 2012 VLDB 0.00018398144
485 TurboISO: Towards UltraFast and Robust Subgraph Isomorphism Search in Large Graph Databases 2013 SIGMOD 0.00017717377
490 Design and Implementation of the LogicBlox System 2015 SIGMOD 0.000175757
659 Efficient Subgraph Matching by Postponing Cartesian Products 2016 SIGMOD 0.00015214062
727 Graph Indexing: Tree + Delta >= Graph 2007 VLDB 0.00014565738
809 Optimizing Subgraph Queries by Combining Binary and Worst-Case Optimal Joins 2019 VLDB 0.00013874588
927 Real-time Constrained Cycle Detection in Large Dynamic Graphs 2018 VLDB 0.00013161079
1,006 Efficient Subgraph Matching: Harmonizing Dynamic Programming, Adaptive Matching Order, and Failing Set Together 2019 SIGMOD 0.00012699518
1,036 Parallel Subgraph Listing in a Large-Scale Graph 2014 SIGMOD 0.00012499878
1,058 Graphflow: An Active Graph Database 2017 SIGMOD 0.00012378784
1,102 CECI: Compact Embedding Cluster Index for Scalable Subgraph Matching 2019 SIGMOD 0.00012166591
1,181 An In-depth Comparison of Subgraph Isomorphism Algorithms in Graph Databases 2013 VLDB 0.0001179597
1,237 In-Memory Subgraph Matching: An In-depth Study 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011545768
1,246 Distributed Evaluation of Subgraph Queries Using Worst-case Optimal Low-Memory Dataflows 2018 VLDB 0.00011504088
1,552 Scalable Subgraph Enumeration in MapReduce 2015 VLDB 0.00010379532
2,035 RapidMatch: A Holistic Approach to Subgraph Query Processing 2021 VLDB 9.2787188e-05
2,065 Scalable Distributed Subgraph Enumeration 2017 VLDB 9.2352771e-05
2,119 DUALSIM: Parallel Subgraph Enumeration in a Massive Graph on a Single Machine 2016 SIGMOD 9.141144e-05
2,182 TurboFlux: A Fast Continuous Subgraph Matching System for Streaming Graph Data 2018 SIGMOD 9.010121e-05
2,187 Subgraph Matching: on Compression and Computation 2018 VLDB 8.9966682e-05
2,190 Versatile Equivalences: Speeding up Subgraph Query Processing and Subgraph Matching 2021 SIGMOD 8.9804702e-05
2,288 Pangolin: An Efficient and Flexible Graph Mining System on CPU and GPU 2020 VLDB 8.8025299e-05
2,522 Fractal: A General-Purpose Graph Pattern Mining System 2019 SIGMOD 8.4713567e-05
2,915 GraphScope: A Unified Engine For Big Graph Processing 2021 VLDB 7.9666977e-05
3,102 Efficient GPU-Accelerated Subgraph Matching 2023 SIGMOD 7.7568687e-05
3,194 GuP: Fast Subgraph Matching by Guard-based Pruning 2023 SIGMOD 7.6491858e-05
3,821 Distributed Subgraph Matching on Timely Dataflow 2019 VLDB 7.0933895e-05
4,158 HUGE: An Efficient and Scalable Subgraph Enumeration System 2021 SIGMOD 6.8628196e-05
4,563 Circinus: Fast Redundancy-Reduced Subgraph Matching 2023 SIGMOD 6.6291459e-05
4,722 Symmetric Continuous Subgraph Matching with Bidirectional Dynamic Programming 2021 VLDB 6.5438628e-05
4,748 Taming Subgraph Isomorphism for RDF Query Processing 2015 VLDB 6.5251089e-05
4,995 Fast Continuous Subgraph Matching over Streaming Graphs via Backtracking Reduction 2023 SIGMOD 6.4089186e-05
5,275 RapidFlow: An Efficient Approach to Continuous Subgraph Matching 2022 VLDB 6.2873652e-05
6,450 Big Graph Analytics Systems 2016 SIGMOD 5.8753826e-05
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