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Cardinality Estimation: An Experimental Survey

Summary: Comprehensively surveys and classifies cardinality (zeroth-frequency moment) estimators, detailing guarantees and design trade-offs. An expanded evaluation of 12 algorithms on synthetic and real data compares accuracy, runtime, and memory, showing workload-dependent winners. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
h253f0fed14b71c81
Venue
VLDB
Year
2018
Pagerank
0.00010327422
Overall Rank
1,536 | 89.68%
DOI
10.1145/3164135.3164145

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{harmouch_vldb18,
        title = {{Cardinality Estimation: An Experimental Survey}},
        author = {Harmouch, Hazar and Naumann, Felix},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '18},
        volume = {11},
        number = {4},
        pages = {499--512},
        doi = {10.1145/3164135.3164145},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3164135.3164145},
        year = {2018}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 26 of 26 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,064 Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation? 2021 VLDB 0.00012202282
1,308 Automating Large-Scale Data Quality Verification 2018 VLDB 0.0001107886
2,842 Query Performance Prediction for Concurrent Queries using Graph Embedding 2020 VLDB 7.949193e-05
3,090 Correlation Sketches for Approximate Join-Correlation Queries 2021 SIGMOD 7.6584982e-05
3,131 Every Row Counts: Combining Sketches and Sampling for Accurate Group-By Result Estimates 2019 CIDR 7.6141006e-05
4,330 MNC: Structure-Exploiting Sparsity Estimation for Matrix Expressions 2019 SIGMOD 6.6595681e-05
4,346 UNIFY: Unified Index for Range Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbors Search 2025 VLDB 6.6488514e-05
6,791 dbET: Execution Time Distribution-based Plan Selection 2023 SIGMOD 5.6811782e-05
7,429 Learning to be a Statistician: Learned Estimator for Number of Distinct Values 2022 VLDB 5.5300853e-05
7,471 Fast Detection of Denial Constraint Violations 2022 VLDB 5.5176505e-05
7,954 Robust Query Processing: Mission Possible 2020 VLDB 5.4190023e-05
8,202 Grep: A Graph Learning Based Database Partitioning System 2023 SIGMOD 5.378708e-05
8,331 LAQy: Efficient and Reusable Query Approximations via Lazy Sampling 2023 SIGMOD 5.3532622e-05
9,371 An Effective and Differentially Private Protocol for Secure Distributed Cardinality Estimation 2023 SIGMOD 5.1868213e-05
9,372 Efficient and Effective Cardinality Estimation for Skyline Family 2023 SIGMOD 5.1868213e-05
9,509 Panakos: Chasing the Tails for Multidimensional Data Streams 2023 VLDB 5.1707704e-05
10,184 Path-centric Cardinality Estimation for Subgraph Matching 2025 VLDB 5.0651993e-05
10,521 A Fast, Mergeable, and LDP Compatible Sketch for Counting the Number of Distinct Values in Fully Dynamic Tables 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
10,700 Sample-based Distinct Cardinality Estimation for Multiple Attributes in Multi-Dataset Queries 2026 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,048 Elastic Index Selection for Label-Hybrid AKNN Search 2026 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,183 Efficient and Accurate Differentially Private Cardinality Continual Releases 2025 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,192 PLM4NDV: Minimizing Data Access for Number of Distinct Values Estimation with Pre-trained Language Models 2025 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,216 SPECIAL: SynoPsis AssistEd Secure CollaboratIve AnaLytics 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,219 AdaNDV: Adaptive Number of Distinct Value Estimation via Learning to Select and Fuse Estimators 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,592 Agile-Ant: Self-managing Distributed Cache Management for Cost Optimization of Big Data Applications 2024 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,920 No Repetition: Fast and Reliable Sampling with Highly Concentrated Hashing 2022 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
77 Sampling-Based Estimation of the Number of Distinct Values of an Attribute 1995 VLDB 0.00036828234
267 Distinct Sampling for Highly-Accurate Answers to Distinct Values Queries and Event Reports 2001 VLDB 0.00022722971
295 Towards Estimation Error Guarantees for Distinct Values 2000 PODS 0.00021914399
707 On Synopses for Distinct-Value Estimation Under Multiset Operations 2007 SIGMOD 0.00014640173
1,395 Data Profiling with Metanome 2015 VLDB 0.00010794808
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