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PolarDB-IMCI: A Cloud-Native HTAP Database System at Alibaba

Summary: PolarDB-IMCI is a cloud-native HTAP DB from Alibaba focusing on transparency, OLAP competitiveness, minimal OLTP perturbation, data freshness, and elastic scaling. Up to 149x 100GB TPC-H speedup, OLTP perturbation <5%, scale-out in tens of seconds. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hb9803e22f22a8347
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2023
Pagerank
6.2209024e-05
Overall Rank
5,192 | 65.20%
DOI
10.1145/3589785
PDF
Download (CC BY 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{wang_sigmod23,
        title = {{PolarDB-IMCI: A Cloud-Native HTAP Database System at Alibaba}},
        author = {Wang, Jianying and Li, Tongliang and Song, Haoze and Yang, Xinjun and Zhou, Wenchao and Li, Feifei and Yan, Baoyue and Wu, Qianqian and Liang, Yukun and Ying, Chengjun and Wang, Yujie and Chen, Baokai and Cai, Chang and Ruan, Yubin and Weng, Xiaoyi and Chen, Shibin and Yin, Liang and Yang, Chengzhong and Cai, Xin and Xing, Hongyan and Yu, Nanlong and Chen, Xiaofei and Huang, Dapeng and Sun, Jianling},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '23},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3589785},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3589785},
        year = {2023}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 21 of 21 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
6,765 Mitigating the Impedance Mismatch between Prediction Query Execution and Database Engine 2025 SIGMOD 5.6695399e-05
6,903 Modernization of Databases in the Cloud Era: Building Databases that Run like Legos 2023 VLDB 5.6363403e-05
6,994 Two Birds With One Stone: Designing a Hybrid Cloud Storage Engine for HTAP 2024 VLDB 5.6094434e-05
8,900 Twisted Twin: A Collaborative and Competitive Memory Management Approach in HTAP Systems 2025 VLDB 5.2400828e-05
9,024 Low-Latency Transaction Scheduling via Userspace Interrupts: Why Wait or Yield When You Can Preempt? 2025 SIGMOD 5.2209552e-05
9,335 Rethink Query Optimization in HTAP Databases 2023 SIGMOD 5.1791475e-05
10,109 veDB-HTAP: a Highly Integrated, Efficient and Adaptive HTAP System 2025 VLDB 5.0672857e-05
10,347 Intra-Query Runtime Elasticity for Cloud-Native Data Analysis 2025 SIGMOD 5.0195882e-05
10,367 Perseus: Achieving Strong Consistency and High Data Freshness for Scalable Geo-distributed HTAP 2026 SIGMOD 5.0082317e-05
10,400 HeraDB: Towards Real-time Analysis of Transaction-Centric HTAP with CPU-GPU Hybrid Query Execution 2027 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,727 LiveBin: A Localized and Version-Aware Binned Scan Index 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,774 Breaking the Isolation-Freshness Trade-off: Joint Adaptive Storage Optimization for HTAP Systems 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,806 AQD: Online Adaptive Query Dispatcher for HTAP Databases 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,973 K2+: A Multi-Region OLTP Database with Disaggregated Storage for High Availability and Strong Consistency 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,981 Hermes at Scale: Powering Distributed Queries with a Unified Memory Fabric 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,085 Vodka: Rethink Benchmarking Philosophy in HTAP Systems 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,172 Boosting OLTP Performance with Per-Page Logging on NVDIMM 2025 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
11,309 K2: On Optimizing Distributed Transactions in a Multi-region Data Store with TrueTime Clocks 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,440 Freely Moving Between the OLTP and OLAP Worlds: Hermes – an High-Performance OLAP Accelerator for MySQL 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,669 Lindorm-UWC: An Ultra-Wide-Column Database for Internet of Vehicles 2024 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,671 Native Distributed Databases: Problems, Challenges and Opportunities 2024 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 34 of 34 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
14 MonetDB/X100: Hyper-Pipelining Query Execution 2005 CIDR 0.00063972112
52 The Snowflake Elastic Data Warehouse 2016 SIGMOD 0.00041439488
63 Amazon Aurora: Design Considerations for High Throughput Cloud-Native Relational Databases 2017 SIGMOD 0.00038609177
161 DB2 with BLU Acceleration: So Much More than Just a Column Store 2013 VLDB 0.00027629724
177 The Vertica Analytic Database: C-Store 7 Years Later 2012 VLDB 0.00026571747
215 Morsel-Driven Parallelism: A NUMA-Aware Query Evaluation Framework for the Many-Core Age 2014 SIGMOD 0.00024554257
226 Amazon Redshift and the Case for Simpler Data Warehouses 2015 SIGMOD 0.0002389883
232 TiDB: A Raft-based HTAP Database 2020 VLDB 0.00023776373
518 Random Sampling for Histogram Construction: How much is enough? 1998 SIGMOD 0.00016918797
574 Efficient Transaction Processing in SAP HANA Database – The End of a Column Store Myth 2012 SIGMOD 0.00016142754
881 Dynamic Programming Strikes Back 2008 SIGMOD 0.0001324243
965 Memory-Efficient Hash Joins 2015 VLDB 0.00012778081
1,221 PolarFS: An Ultra-low Latency and Failure Resilient Distributed File System for Shared Storage Cloud Database 2018 VLDB 0.00011449953
1,308 Apache Hadoop Goes Realtime at Facebook 2011 SIGMOD 0.0001107127
1,315 PolarDB Serverless: A Cloud Native Database for Disaggregated Data Centers 2021 SIGMOD 0.00011047549
1,324 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011019001
1,392 Amazon Aurora: On Avoiding Distributed Consensus for I/Os, Commits, and Membership Changes 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010787433
1,659 Real-Time Analytical Processing with SQL Server 2015 VLDB 9.9440956e-05
1,773 SQL Server Column Store Indexes 2011 SIGMOD 9.6751471e-05
1,828 Effective Use of Block-Level Sampling in Statistics Estimation 2004 SIGMOD 9.5396315e-05
2,474 AnalyticDB: Real-time OLAP Database System at Alibaba Cloud 2019 VLDB 8.3955114e-05
2,679 Taurus Database: How to be Fast, Available, and Frugal in the Cloud 2020 SIGMOD 8.1228765e-05
2,895 Parallel Replication across Formats in SAP HANA for Scaling Out Mixed OLTP/OLAP Workloads 2017 VLDB 7.8856044e-05
2,959 F1 Lightning: HTAP as a Service 2020 VLDB 7.7990674e-05
3,055 Eon Mode: Bringing the Vertica Columnar Database to the Cloud 2018 SIGMOD 7.6896798e-05
3,082 TitAnt: Online Real-time Transaction Fraud Detection in Ant Financial 2019 VLDB 7.6507218e-05
4,172 Wildfire: Concurrent Blazing Data Ingest and Analytics 2016 SIGMOD 6.7509765e-05
4,763 Cloud-Native Transactions and Analytics in SingleStore 2022 SIGMOD 6.4172712e-05
5,157 ByteHTAP: ByteDance’s HTAP System with High Data Freshness and Strong Data Consistency 2022 VLDB 6.2362793e-05
5,842 Fast Data in the Era of Big Data: Twitter's Real-Time Related Query Suggestion Architecture 2013 SIGMOD 5.9568426e-05
6,408 Replication at the Speed of Change - a Fast, Scalable Replication Solution for Near Real-Time HTAP Processing 2020 VLDB 5.7786603e-05
7,939 Design Trade-offs for a Robust Dynamic Hybrid Hash Join 2022 VLDB 5.4058938e-05
8,068 Cloud Databases: New Techniques, Challenges, and Opportunities 2022 VLDB 5.3809781e-05
10,174 CloudJump: Optimizing Cloud Databases for Cloud Storages 2022 VLDB 5.0559291e-05
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