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TOD: GPU-accelerated Outlier Detection via Tensor Operations

Summary: TOD: first tensor-algebra OD system for distributed multi-GPU, decomposing OD algorithms into a few tensor operators to leverage DL hardware/software. Uses provable quantization (no accuracy loss) and automatic multi-GPU batching to fit memory and scale, giving ~10.9x avg speedup vs PyOD and handling larger datasets. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hc404f5a90c2a098f
Venue
VLDB
Year
2023
Pagerank
5.3197436e-05
Overall Rank
8,421 | 43.56%
DOI
10.14778/3570690.3570703
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{zhao_vldb23,
        title = {{TOD: GPU-accelerated Outlier Detection via Tensor Operations}},
        author = {Zhao, Yue and Chen, George H. and Jia, Zhih​​ao},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '23},
        volume = {16},
        number = {3},
        pages = {546--560},
        doi = {10.14778/3570690.3570703},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3570690.3570703},
        year = {2023}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 2 of 2 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,016 MEMO: Fine-grained Tensor Management For Ultra-long Context LLM Training 2025 SIGMOD 5.0825892e-05
10,286 TenGraph: A Tensor-Based Graph Query Engine 2024 VLDB 5.0333144e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 26 of 26 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
75 Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search With The Navigating Spreading-out Graph 2019 VLDB 0.00037163157
143 LOF: Identifying Density-Based Local Outliers 2000 SIGMOD 0.00029095978
335 A Comprehensive Survey and Experimental Comparison of Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2021 VLDB 0.0002067515
710 Cache locality is not enough: High-Performance Nearest Neighbor Search with Product Quantization Fast Scan 2016 VLDB 0.00014598403
1,103 Elle: Inferring Isolation Anomalies from Experimental Observations 2021 VLDB 0.00011969356
1,223 Large Graph Convolutional Network Training with GPU-Oriented Data Communication Architecture 2021 VLDB 0.00011439503
1,350 Relaxed Operator Fusion for In-Memory Databases: Making Compilation, Vectorization, and Prefetching Work Together At Last 2018 VLDB 0.00010934877
1,636 SAND: Streaming Subsequence Anomaly Detection 2021 VLDB 9.9985086e-05
2,074 Traversing Large Graphs on GPUs with Unified Memory 2020 VLDB 9.06339e-05
2,388 Series2Graph: Graph-based Subsequence Anomaly Detection for Time Series 2020 VLDB 8.52352e-05
2,426 DeltaPQ: Lossless Product Quantization Code Compression for High Dimensional Similarity Search 2020 VLDB 8.4692316e-05
2,553 NETS: Extremely Fast Outlier Detection from a Data Stream via Set-Based Processing 2019 VLDB 8.2846548e-05
2,920 Real-Time Distance-Based Outlier Detection in Data Streams 2021 VLDB 7.8477923e-05
2,985 Time Series Data Cleaning: From Anomaly Detection to Anomaly Repairing 2017 VLDB 7.7695402e-05
3,048 Interactive Outlier Exploration in Big Data Streams 2014 VLDB 7.7012708e-05
3,104 On Optimizing Operator Fusion Plans for Large-Scale Machine Learning in SystemML 2018 VLDB 7.6281929e-05
3,969 Tensors: An abstraction for general data processing 2021 VLDB 6.8769925e-05
4,063 The Art of Balance: A RateupDB Experience of Building a CPU/GPU Hybrid Database Product 2021 VLDB 6.812902e-05
5,543 EMOGI: Efficient Memory-access for Out-of-memory Graph-traversal in GPUs 2021 VLDB 6.0730939e-05
6,215 GraphAn: Graph-based Subsequence Anomaly Detection 2020 VLDB 5.8306354e-05
6,605 PPQ-Trajectory: Spatio-temporal Quantization for Querying in Large Trajectory Repositories 2021 VLDB 5.719368e-05
7,749 PROUD: PaRallel OUtlier Detection for streams 2020 SIGMOD 5.4450584e-05
8,360 Efficient Discovery of Sequence Outlier Patterns 2019 VLDB 5.3311149e-05
8,422 From Anomaly Detection to Rumour Detection using Data Streams of Social Platforms 2019 VLDB 5.3195357e-05
9,374 A Demonstration of the Exathlon Benchmarking Platform for Explainable Anomaly Detection 2021 VLDB 5.1715133e-05
10,180 Distance-Based Outlier Detection: Consolidation and Renewed Bearing 2010 VLDB 5.0555297e-05
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