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Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready?

Summary: First comprehensive empirical evaluation of updatable learned indexes across ten real datasets and varied workloads. Compared with traditional indexes under changing distributions and concurrency, it yields deployment guidance and design takeaways. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
12783
Venue
VLDB
Year
2022
Pagerank
6.4292373e-05
Overall Rank
4,128 | 71.29%
DOI
10.14778/3551793.3551848

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 19 of 19 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
3,416 LeCo: Lightweight Compression via Learning Serial Correlations 2024 SIGMOD 7.1196234e-05
5,074 Learned Index: A Comprehensive Experimental Evaluation 2023 VLDB 5.7175726e-05
5,319 DILI: A Distribution-Driven Learned Index 2023 VLDB 5.5713974e-05
6,445 Updatable Learned Indexes Meet Disk-Resident DBMS - From Evaluations to Design Choices 2023 SIGMOD 5.0589805e-05
7,390 Making In-Memory Learned Indexes Efficient on Disk 2024 SIGMOD 4.7431654e-05
7,869 SALI: A Scalable Adaptive Learned Index Framework based on Probability Models 2023 SIGMOD 4.6315248e-05
7,894 LITS: An Optimized Learned Index for Strings 2024 VLDB 4.6240341e-05
8,101 Hyper: A High-Performance and Memory-Efficient Learned Index via Hybrid Construction 2024 SIGMOD 4.5854141e-05
8,417 The Case for Learned In-Memory Joins 2023 VLDB 4.5194164e-05
8,671 Algorithmic Complexity Attacks on Dynamic Learned Indexes 2024 VLDB 4.4714076e-05
9,346 Can Learned Indexes be Built Efficiently? A Deep Dive into Sampling Trade-offs 2024 SIGMOD 4.3532026e-05
9,746 Why Are Learned Indexes So Effective but Sometimes Ineffective? 2025 VLDB 4.2897489e-05
9,903 Towards Systematic Index Dynamization 2024 VLDB 4.258022e-05
10,038 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,087 High Performance or Low Memory? An Updatable Learned Index Framework for Time-Space Tradeoff 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,172 HIRE: A Hybrid Learned Index for Robust and Efficient Performance under Mixed Workloads 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,319 LiBox: A Learned Index as an Array to Minimize Last-Mile Search 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,396 VEGA: An Active-tuning Learned Index with Group-Wise Learning Granularity 2025 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,712 DobLIX: A Dual-Objective Learned Index for Log-Structured Merge Trees 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 29 of 29 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
102 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049545203
237 An Efficient, Cost-Driven Index Selection Tool for Microsoft SQL Server 1997 VLDB 0.00031726304
333 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00027206884
640 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00018759152
826 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00016224841
857 The PGM-index: a fully-dynamic compressed learned index with provable worst-case bounds 2020 VLDB 0.00015882892
1,087 HOT: A Height Optimized Trie Index for Main-Memory Database Systems 2018 SIGMOD 0.00014162909
1,312 Reducing the Storage Overhead of Main-Memory OLTP Databases with Hybrid Indexes 2016 SIGMOD 0.00012652548
1,375 FITing-Tree: A Data-aware Index Structure 2019 SIGMOD 0.00012303141
1,460 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00011887068
1,478 Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011762542
1,611 Qd-tree: Learning Data Layouts for Big Data Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011147324
1,731 Fast Updates on Read-Optimized Databases Using Multi-Core CPUs 2012 VLDB 0.0001073454
1,889 Tsunami: A Learned Multi-dimensional Index for Correlated Data and Skewed Workloads 2021 VLDB 0.00010200865
2,020 Magic mirror in my hand, which is the best in the land? An Experimental Evaluation of Index Selection Algorithms 2020 VLDB 9.762624e-05
2,115 LISA: A Learned Index Structure for Spatial Data 2020 SIGMOD 9.5257379e-05
2,241 Query Optimization in Microsoft SQL Server PDW 2012 SIGMOD 9.2191212e-05
2,394 Building a Bw-Tree Takes More Than Just Buzz Words 2018 SIGMOD 8.9001843e-05
2,552 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 8.5530411e-05
2,678 Effectively Learning Spatial Indices 2020 VLDB 8.3252088e-05
3,131 FINEdex: A Fine-grained Learned Index Scheme for Scalable and Concurrent Memory Systems 2022 VLDB 7.4985793e-05
3,470 Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes 2020 VLDB 7.0655357e-05
4,084 APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 6.4622113e-05
5,157 Hist-Tree: Those Who Ignore It Are Doomed to Learn 2021 CIDR 5.6589595e-05
5,186 Query Optimization in Oracle 12c Database In-Memory 2015 VLDB 5.6400929e-05
5,448 Enabling Low Tail Latency on Multicore Key-Value Stores 2020 VLDB 5.501371e-05
6,060 OLTPShare: The Case for Sharing in OLTP Workloads 2018 VLDB 5.2305257e-05
6,316 HydraList: A Scalable In-Memory Index Using Asynchronous Updates and Partial Replication 2020 VLDB 5.1141977e-05
6,724 A Critical Analysis of Recursive Model Indexes 2022 VLDB 4.9484506e-05
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Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank Paper Year Venue Pagerank
826 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00016224841
102 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049545203
8,811 Tuning Hierarchical Learned Indexes on Disk and Beyond 2022 SIGMOD 4.4441574e-05
2,552 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 8.5530411e-05
7,390 Making In-Memory Learned Indexes Efficient on Disk 2024 SIGMOD 4.7431654e-05
10,087 High Performance or Low Memory? An Updatable Learned Index Framework for Time-Space Tradeoff 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
6,445 Updatable Learned Indexes Meet Disk-Resident DBMS - From Evaluations to Design Choices 2023 SIGMOD 5.0589805e-05
5,074 Learned Index: A Comprehensive Experimental Evaluation 2023 VLDB 5.7175726e-05
1,460 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00011887068
10,038 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05