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Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning

Summary: Proposes MSCN, a multi-set convolutional network that encodes relational query plans with set semantics to learn cardinalities and capture join-crossing correlations. Combines deep learning with sampling to handle zero-sample cases, yielding much better estimates on real-world data. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
315
Venue
CIDR
Year
2019
Pagerank
0.00034784455
Overall Rank
204 | 98.59%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 26 of 176 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,149 CorrBound: Cardinality Estimation Accounting for Inter- and Intra-relation Correlations 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,197 Qualitative Join Discovery in Data Lakes using Examples 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,216 The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,219 Practical Parameterized Query Optimization via Efficient Plan Reuse and List-wise Ranking 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,271 OBELISK: Efficient Offline Query Planning with Bayesian Optimization-Informed Language Model Reasoning 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,288 TATA: An Efficient Framework for Task Transfer in Query Plan Representation 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,385 Optimizing Block Skipping for High-Dimensional Data with Learned Adaptive Curve 2025 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,619 Data-Agnostic Cardinality Learning from Imperfect Workloads 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,630 Conformal Prediction for Verifiable Learned Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,639 Cardinality Estimation for Having-Clauses 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,699 The Accuracy of Cardinality Estimators: Unraveling the Evaluation Result Conundrum 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,724 Privacy-Enhanced Database Synthesis for Benchmark Publishing 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,726 Improving DBMS Scheduling Decisions with Accurate Performance Prediction on Concurrent Queries 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,795 Opening The Black-Box: Explaining Learned Cost Models For Databases 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,833 Cardinality Estimation for Similarity Search on High-Dimensional Data Objects: The Impact of Reference Objects 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,840 Learned Cost Models for Query Optimization: From Batch to Streaming Systems 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,859 Graph Transformers for Query Plan Representation: Potentials and Challenges 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,868 LEAP: A Low-cost Spark SQL Query Optimizer using Pairwise Comparison 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,872 LASER: Buffer-Aware Learned Query Scheduling in Master-Standby Databases 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,942 Sub-optimal Join Order Identification with L1-error 2024 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
11,056 Agile-Ant: Self-managing Distributed Cache Management for Cost Optimization of Big Data Applications 2024 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
11,190 Efficient and Effective Cardinality Estimation for Skyline Family 2023 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
11,236 AdaChain: A Learned Adaptive Blockchain 2023 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
11,341 Juggler: Autonomous Cost Optimization and Performance Prediction of Big Data Applications 2022 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
11,349 LANTERN: Boredom-conscious Natural Language Description Generation of Query Execution Plans for Database Education 2022 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
11,446 Index-Based Join Size Estimation Using Adaptive Sampling 2021 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
71 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059038975
102 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049545203
141 Selectivity Estimation Without the Attribute Value Independence Assumption 1997 VLDB 0.00041786333
183 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00036721403
629 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00018942366
1,019 Robust Estimation of Resource Consumption for SQL Queries using Statistical Techniques 2012 VLDB 0.00014625603
1,105 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.00013990395
1,193 Join Size Estimation Subject to Filter Conditions 2015 VLDB 0.00013414989
1,619 Adaptive Optimization of Very Large Join Queries 2018 SIGMOD 0.00011111678
1,758 Sampling-Based Query Re-Optimization 2016 SIGMOD 0.00010655546
1,981 Improved Selectivity Estimation by Combining Knowledge from Sampling and Synopses 2018 VLDB 9.8687545e-05
2,254 Two-Level Sampling for Join Size Estimation 2017 SIGMOD 9.1897043e-05
2,669 A Black-Box Approach to Query Cardinality Estimation 2007 CIDR 8.3389856e-05
2,841 Selectivity Estimation in Extensible Databases - A Neural Network Approach 1998 VLDB 8.0287389e-05
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