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SEFRQO: A Self-Evolving Fine-Tuned RAG-Based Query Optimizer

Summary: SEFRQO is a self-evolving RAG-based query optimizer that fine-tunes LLMs (supervised + reinforcement) to produce performance-oriented query hints by retrieving execution-feedback. It dynamically builds prompts from similar queries and per-query execution records for continual in-context learning, cutting latency up to ~65–94% vs prior LQOs. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 11 2026)

Paper ID
7423
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2026
Pagerank
4.1905499e-05
Overall Rank
10,112 | 29.73%
DOI
10.1145/3769826

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Showing 22 of 22 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
71 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059446482
329 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00027301488
366 Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluation 2024 VLDB 0.00025580097
494 Milvus: A Purpose-Built Vector Data Management System 2021 SIGMOD 0.00021769407
634 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00018844568
997 CAESURA: Language Models as Multi-Modal Query Planners 2024 CIDR 0.00014726927
1,404 DB-BERT: A Database Tuning Tool that "Reads the Manual" 2022 SIGMOD 0.00012179714
2,090 Balsa: Learning a Query Optimizer Without Expert Demonstrations 2022 SIGMOD 9.5668285e-05
2,781 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 8.1282042e-05
3,105 GPTuner: A Manual-Reading Database Tuning System via GPT-Guided Bayesian Optimization 2024 VLDB 7.5567226e-05
3,345 Lero: A Learning-to-Rank Query Optimizer 2023 VLDB 7.1908499e-05
3,729 Cost-based or Learning-based? A Hybrid Query Optimizer for Query Plan Selection 2022 VLDB 6.8078013e-05
4,464 LOGER: A Learned Optimizer towards Generating Efficient and Robust Query Execution Plans 2023 VLDB 6.1552798e-05
4,687 Deploying a Steered Query Optimizer in Production at Microsoft 2022 SIGMOD 5.9915268e-05
5,339 LEON: A New Framework for ML-Aided Query Optimization 2023 VLDB 5.5596755e-05
5,412 Kepler: Robust Learning for Faster Parametric Query Optimization 2023 SIGMOD 5.5200608e-05
5,931 FASTgres: Making Learned Query Optimizer Hinting Effective 2023 VLDB 5.2632167e-05
6,712 Demonstrating GPT-DB: Generating Query-Specific and Customizable Code for SQL Processing with GPT-4 2023 VLDB 4.9474017e-05
7,030 R-Bot: An LLM-based Query Rewrite System 2025 VLDB 4.8518029e-05
7,326 Lemo: A Cache-Enhanced Learned Optimizer for Concurrent Queries 2023 SIGMOD 4.7563708e-05
8,054 Generating Succinct Descriptions of Database Schemata for Cost-Efficient Prompting of Large Language Models 2024 VLDB 4.5909042e-05
8,479 Can Large Language Models Be Query Optimizer for Relational Databases? 2026 SIGMOD 4.4967983e-05
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