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Stage: Query Execution Time Prediction in Amazon Redshift

Summary: Stage is a hierarchical predictor for Redshift, combining a cache, a per-instance light model with uncertainty, and a global transferable model. It mitigates cold starts and workload shifts, delivering ~20% lower latency with practical inference and memory. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
6861
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2024
Pagerank
6.3623786e-05
Overall Rank
5,107 | 64.97%
DOI
10.1145/3626246.3653391

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{wu_sigmod24,
        title = {{Stage: Query Execution Time Prediction in Amazon Redshift}},
        author = {Wu, Ziniu and Marcus, Ryan and Liu, Zhengchun and Negi, Parimarjan and Nathan, Vikram and Pfeil, Pascal and Saxena, Gaurav and Rahman, Mohammad and Narayanaswamy, Balakrishnan and Kraska, Tim},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '24},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3626246.3653391},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3626246.3653391},
        year = {2024}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 19 of 19 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7,755 Blueprinting the Cloud: Unifying and Automatically Optimizing Cloud Data Infrastructures with BRAD 2024 VLDB 5.5519655e-05
7,846 The Holon Approach for Simultaneously Tuning Multiple Components in a Self-Driving Database Management System with Machine Learning via Synthesized Proto-Actions 2024 VLDB 5.5331459e-05
8,572 T3: Accurate and Fast Performance Prediction for Relational Database Systems With Compiled Decision Trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.4102362e-05
8,818 Resource-Adaptive Query Execution with Paged Memory Management 2025 CIDR 5.3637177e-05
8,984 Hit the Gym: Accelerating Query Execution to Efficiently Bootstrap Behavior Models for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2024 VLDB 5.3395569e-05
9,456 QURE: AI-Assisted and Automatically Verified UDF Inlining 2025 SIGMOD 5.2643416e-05
9,601 Low Rank Learning for Offline Query Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 5.2487799e-05
9,777 PBench: Workload Synthesizer with Real Statistics for Cloud Analytics Benchmarking 2025 VLDB 5.2209769e-05
10,128 Survivorship Bias in Industrial Database Workloads 2026 CIDR 5.093636e-05
10,232 EncoderForge: Generating Efficient SQL for Encoders in Machine Learning Inference Pipelines 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,505 The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,559 OBELISK: Efficient Offline Query Planning with Bayesian Optimization-Informed Language Model Reasoning 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,608 SafeLoad: Efficient Admission Control Framework for Identifying Memory-Overloading Queries in Cloud Data Warehouses 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,623 KEN: An Execution Engine for Unstructured Database Systems 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,626 Libra: One-Shot Parameter Sensitivity Estimation for Transfer Learning in Database Performance Prediction 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,969 Improving DBMS Scheduling Decisions with Accurate Performance Prediction on Concurrent Queries 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,001 veDB-HTAP: a Highly Integrated, Efficient and Adaptive HTAP System 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,065 Learned Cost Models for Query Optimization: From Batch to Streaming Systems 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,083 Graph Transformers for Query Plan Representation: Potentials and Challenges 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 31 of 31 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
43 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046060254
86 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00035316107
126 Schism: a Workload-Driven Approach to Database Replication and Partitioning 2010 VLDB 0.00030779127
154 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00028726181
323 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00021264788
378 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00019638121
388 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00019410042
465 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001803934
513 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00017190574
563 Plan-Structured Deep Neural Network Models for Query Performance Prediction 2019 VLDB 0.0001650812
682 Robust Estimation of Resource Consumption for SQL Queries using Statistical Techniques 2012 VLDB 0.00015014887
818 Amazon Redshift Re-invented 2022 SIGMOD 0.00013822916
873 Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes 2020 SIGMOD 0.00013481915
1,096 Tiresias: The Database Oracle for How-To Queries 2012 SIGMOD 0.00012189583
1,122 Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation 2022 VLDB 0.0001209124
1,174 Tsunami: A Learned Multi-dimensional Index for Correlated Data and Skewed Workloads 2021 VLDB 0.00011817414
1,241 Balsa: Learning a Query Optimizer Without Expert Demonstrations 2022 SIGMOD 0.00011521639
1,279 AI Meets AI: Leveraging Query Executions to Improve Index Recommendations 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011361878
1,815 SkinnerDB: Regret-Bounded Query Evaluation via Reinforcement Learning 2018 VLDB 9.6894541e-05
1,988 FLAT: Fast, Lightweight and Accurate Method for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 9.3501502e-05
2,156 Quickstep: A Data Platform Based on the Scaling-Up Approach 2018 VLDB 9.0635624e-05
2,812 Query Performance Prediction for Concurrent Queries using Graph Embedding 2020 VLDB 8.0979597e-05
2,844 Zero-Shot Cost Models for Out-of-the-box Learned Cost Prediction 2022 VLDB 8.0608767e-05
2,958 WiSeDB: A Learning-based Workload Management Advisor for Cloud Databases 2016 VLDB 7.9197796e-05
2,991 FactorJoin: A New Cardinality Estimation Framework for Join Queries 2023 SIGMOD 7.8880723e-05
3,338 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 7.5068221e-05
3,809 Auto-WLM: Machine Learning Enhanced Workload Management in Amazon Redshift 2023 SIGMOD 7.1074195e-05
4,493 Self-Tuning Query Scheduling for Analytical Workloads 2021 SIGMOD 6.6647555e-05
5,025 HYPER: Hypothetical Reasoning With What-If and How-To Queries Using a Probabilistic Causal Approach 2022 SIGMOD 6.3974766e-05
5,277 FASTgres: Making Learned Query Optimizer Hinting Effective 2023 VLDB 6.2859099e-05
5,388 Fine-Grained Modeling and Optimization for Intelligent Resource Management in Big Data Processing 2022 VLDB 6.2362811e-05
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