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How to Write to SSDs

Summary: Shows DBMS-side out-of-place write redesign needed to exploit SSD I/O while preserving lifespan. Redesigns LeanStore (B-tree) with cross-layer write-amplification optimizations, improving OLTP throughput 1.65–2.24x and cutting flash writes 6.2–9.8x (YCSB-A), 2.45x on TPC-C 15k WH; supports ZNS/FDP. (summarized by gpt-5.4-mini on May 27 2026)

Paper ID
h849a545dc971def7
Venue
VLDB
Year
2026
Pagerank
4.9793485e-05
Overall Rank
10,725 | 27.90%
DOI
10.14778/3801059.3801063

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

No non-self incoming citations found for this paper in this database.

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{lee_vldb26,
        title = {{How to Write to SSDs}},
        author = {Lee, Bohyun and Ziegler, Tobias and Leis, Viktor},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '26},
        volume = {19},
        number = {7},
        pages = {1469--1483},
        doi = {10.14778/3801059.3801063},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3801059.3801063},
        year = {2026}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 1 of 1 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,833 BtrLog: Low-Latency Logging for Cloud Database Systems 2026 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 35 of 35 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
340 THE 5 MINUTE RULE FOR TRADING MEMORY FOR DISC ACCESSES and THE 10 BYTE RULE FOR TRADING MEMORY FOR CPU TIME 1987 SIGMOD 0.00020539958
436 Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB 2017 CIDR 0.00018319035
499 Design of Flash-Based DBMS: An In-Page Logging Approach 2007 SIGMOD 0.0001729286
1,757 Write-Optimized B-Trees 2004 VLDB 9.7131504e-05
2,770 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 8.037607e-05
2,868 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 7.9241972e-05
2,920 What Modern NVMe Storage Can Do, And How To Exploit It: High-Performance I/O for High-Performance Storage Engines 2023 VLDB 7.8540089e-05
3,232 TreeLine: An Update-In-Place Key-Value Store for Modern Storage 2023 VLDB 7.50343e-05
3,463 DBOS: A DBMS-oriented Operating System 2022 VLDB 7.2821994e-05
3,826 ScaleStore: A Fast and Cost-Efficient Storage Engine using DRAM, NVMe, and RDMA 2022 SIGMOD 6.9984204e-05
4,094 Virtual-Memory Assisted Buffer Management 2023 SIGMOD 6.8103269e-05
4,243 The Art of Latency Hiding in Modern Database Engines 2024 VLDB 6.7069789e-05
4,608 Not your Grandpa's SSD: The Era of Co-Designed Storage Devices 2021 SIGMOD 6.5035877e-05
4,758 SQLite: Past, Present, and Future 2022 VLDB 6.4318211e-05
4,848 Rethinking Logging, Checkpoints, and Recovery for High-Performance Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 6.3818116e-05
4,987 Optimizing Databases by Learning Hidden Parameters of Solid State Drives 2020 VLDB 6.3263932e-05
5,016 2R: Efficiently Isolating Cold Pages in Flash Storages 2020 VLDB 6.3133844e-05
5,249 Workload-Aware Storage Layout for Database Systems 2010 SIGMOD 6.210978e-05
5,360 LeanStore: A High-Performance Storage Engine for NVMe SSDs 2024 VLDB 6.1614422e-05
5,737 Durable Write Cache in Flash Memory SSD for Relational and NoSQL Databases 2014 SIGMOD 6.0133439e-05
6,238 Toward a Better Understanding and Evaluation of Tree Structures on Flash SSDs 2021 VLDB 5.8385618e-05
6,484 Bf-Tree: A Modern Read-Write-Optimized Concurrent Larger-Than-Memory Range Index 2024 VLDB 5.7696173e-05
6,530 Contention and Space Management in B-Trees 2021 CIDR 5.7549598e-05
6,827 When Database Meets New Storage Devices: Understanding and Exposing Performance Mismatches via Configurations 2023 VLDB 5.6699055e-05
7,373 LRU-C: Parallelizing Database I/Os for Flash SSDs 2023 VLDB 5.5402255e-05
7,901 Write-Aware Timestamp Tracking: Effective and Efficient Page Replacement for Modern Hardware 2023 VLDB 5.4302737e-05
8,221 ArceKV: Towards Workload-driven LSM-compactions for Key-Value Store Under Dynamic Workloads 2026 VLDB 5.3759492e-05
8,854 Avoiding Read Stalls on Flash Storage 2022 SIGMOD 5.264098e-05
8,883 Your Read is Our Priority in Flash Storage 2022 VLDB 5.2563247e-05
9,130 Rethinking The Compaction Policies in LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.2233025e-05
9,430 FlashAlloc: Dedicating Flash Blocks By Objects 2023 VLDB 5.1785224e-05
11,102 Boosting OLTP Performance with Per-Page Logging on NVDIMM 2025 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,190 Moving on From Group Commit: Autonomous Commit Enables High Throughput and Low Latency on NVMe SSDs 2025 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,360 SSD-iq: Uncovering the Hidden Side of SSD Performance 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,542 High-Performance Query Processing with NVMe Arrays: Spilling without Killing Performance 2024 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
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