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Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB

Summary: Introduces practical techniques to minimize space amplification in RocksDB—trading CPU and read/write amplification via compaction/tuning—to prioritize storage efficiency while preserving OLTP latency targets. Empirical (TPC-C, LinkBench, production) results show RocksDB uses <50% of InnoDB storage and often matches or exceeds its performance, demonstrating the first large-scale competitive LSM deployment for OLTP. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
ha8a493bbc0adb24e
Venue
CIDR
Year
2017
Pagerank
0.00018312911
Overall Rank
436 | 97.08%
DOI
-
PDF
Download (CC BY 3.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{dong_cidr17,
        address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands},
        series = {{CIDR} '17},
        title = {{Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB}},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Conference} on {Innovative} {Data} {Systems} {Research}},
        author = {Dong, Siying and Callaghan, Mark and Galanis, Leonidas and Borthakur, Dhruba and Savor, Tony and Stumm, Michael},
        year = {2017}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 54 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
400 Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store 2017 SIGMOD 0.00019124757
753 Dostoevsky: Better Space-Time Trade-Offs for LSM-Tree Based Key-Value Stores via Adaptive Removal of Superfluous Merging 2018 SIGMOD 0.00014232329
889 SuRF: Practical Range Query Filtering with Fast Succinct Tries 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013243846
1,147 MyRocks: LSM-Tree Database Storage Engine Serving Facebook's Social Graph 2020 VLDB 0.00011810023
1,313 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011055196
1,422 The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010720711
1,846 Morton Filters: Faster, Space-Efficient Cuckoo Filters via Biasing, Compression, and Decoupled Logical Sparsity 2018 VLDB 9.511501e-05
1,891 Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn 2019 CIDR 9.4233024e-05
1,982 Chucky: A Succinct Cuckoo Filter for LSM-Tree 2021 SIGMOD 9.2570284e-05
2,664 Rosetta: A Robust Space-Time Optimized Range Filter for Key-Value Stores 2020 SIGMOD 8.1532061e-05
2,771 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 8.0338932e-05
2,788 Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine 2020 SIGMOD 8.0114055e-05
2,868 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 7.9205462e-05
3,525 Key-Value Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 7.2293566e-05
3,643 Nova-LSM: A Distributed, Component-based LSM-tree Key-value Store 2021 SIGMOD 7.1406131e-05
4,042 Disaggregating RocksDB: A Production Experience 2023 SIGMOD 6.8339773e-05
4,107 Napa: Powering Scalable Data Warehousing with Robust Query Performance at Google 2021 VLDB 6.8020956e-05
4,121 On Performance Stability in LSM-based Storage Systems 2020 VLDB 6.7915554e-05
4,830 Cloud-Native Transactions and Analytics in SingleStore 2022 SIGMOD 6.3885902e-05
4,878 Oasis: An Optimal Disjoint Segmented Learned Range Filter 2024 VLDB 6.369385e-05
4,943 A Comparative Study of Secondary Indexing Techniques in LSM-based NoSQL Databases 2018 SIGMOD 6.3423449e-05
5,022 Breaking Down Memory Walls: Adaptive Memory Management in LSM-based Storage Systems 2021 VLDB 6.309271e-05
5,041 Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores 2022 SIGMOD 6.2998284e-05
5,043 LSched: A Workload-Aware Learned Query Scheduler for Analytical Database Systems 2022 SIGMOD 6.2979214e-05
5,084 InfiniFilter: Expanding Filters to Infinity and Beyond 2023 SIGMOD 6.2824822e-05
5,250 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 6.2092552e-05
5,614 Dotori: A Key-Value SSD Based KV Store 2023 VLDB 6.0641596e-05
5,879 Compactionary: A Dictionary for LSM Compactions 2022 SIGMOD 5.9587188e-05
6,195 Prefix Filter: Practically and Theoretically Better Than Bloom 2022 VLDB 5.8528165e-05
6,495 FineLine: Log-structured Transactional Storage and Recovery 2018 VLDB 5.7640595e-05
6,593 ArkDB: A Key-Value Engine for Scalable Cloud Storage Services 2021 SIGMOD 5.7397263e-05
7,005 Towards Optimal Transaction Scheduling 2024 VLDB 5.6218081e-05
7,967 LETUS: A Log-Structured Efficient Trusted Universal BlockChain Storage 2024 SIGMOD 5.4141152e-05
8,538 SA-LSM: Optimize Data Layout for LSM-tree Based Storage using Survival Analysis 2022 VLDB 5.3197798e-05
9,191 Structural Designs Meet Optimality: Exploring Optimized LSM-tree Structures in A Colossal Configuration Space 2024 SIGMOD 5.20942e-05
9,439 FlashAlloc: Dedicating Flash Blocks By Objects 2023 VLDB 5.1760709e-05
9,634 SHIELD: Encrypting Persistent Data of LSM-KVS from Monolithic to Disaggregated Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.145828e-05
9,786 NEXT: A New Secondary Index Framework for LSM-based Data Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.1280785e-05
9,817 Scabbard: Single-Node Fault-Tolerant Stream Processing 2022 VLDB 5.1233734e-05
9,923 GeaFlow: A Graph Extended and Accelerated Dataflow System 2023 SIGMOD 5.1079647e-05
10,137 CloudJump: Optimizing Cloud Databases for Cloud Storages 2022 VLDB 5.0727027e-05
10,378 Bounding the Fragmentation of B-Trees Subject to Batched Insertions 2026 PODS 4.9769913e-05
10,497 O3-LSM: Maximizing Disaggregated LSM Write Performance via Three-Layer Offloading 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,735 How to Write to SSDs 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
10,854 Rethinking Learned Index and LSM-tree Integration 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
10,942 SOS: A High-Performance Distributed Key-Value Store for Large-Scale Online Services 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
10,952 Lakebase: Serverless Postgres over Open Lake Storage 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,277 LogCloud: Fast Search of Compressed Logs on Object Storage 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,289 Fair Transaction Processing for Multi-Tenant Databases 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,301 Keigo: Co-designing Log-Structured Merge Key-Value Stores with a Non-Volatile, Concurrency-aware Storage Hierarchy 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 cited papers.

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