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Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB

Summary: Introduces practical techniques to minimize space amplification in RocksDB—trading CPU and read/write amplification via compaction/tuning—to prioritize storage efficiency while preserving OLTP latency targets. Empirical (TPC-C, LinkBench, production) results show RocksDB uses <50% of InnoDB storage and often matches or exceeds its performance, demonstrating the first large-scale competitive LSM deployment for OLTP. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
ha8a493bbc0adb24e
Venue
CIDR
Year
2017
Pagerank
0.00018259155
Overall Rank
438 | 97.07%
DOI
-
PDF
Download (CC BY 3.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{dong_cidr17,
        address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands},
        series = {{CIDR} '17},
        title = {{Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB}},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Conference} on {Innovative} {Data} {Systems} {Research}},
        author = {Dong, Siying and Callaghan, Mark and Galanis, Leonidas and Borthakur, Dhruba and Savor, Tony and Stumm, Michael},
        year = {2017}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 54 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
402 Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store 2017 SIGMOD 0.00019070605
761 Dostoevsky: Better Space-Time Trade-Offs for LSM-Tree Based Key-Value Stores via Adaptive Removal of Superfluous Merging 2018 SIGMOD 0.00014191047
892 SuRF: Practical Range Query Filtering with Fast Succinct Tries 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013207671
1,147 MyRocks: LSM-Tree Database Storage Engine Serving Facebook's Social Graph 2020 VLDB 0.00011777851
1,324 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011019001
1,429 The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010685393
1,856 Morton Filters: Faster, Space-Efficient Cuckoo Filters via Biasing, Compression, and Decoupled Logical Sparsity 2018 VLDB 9.4802321e-05
1,900 Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn 2019 CIDR 9.3926585e-05
1,991 Chucky: A Succinct Cuckoo Filter for LSM-Tree 2021 SIGMOD 9.2264312e-05
2,667 Rosetta: A Robust Space-Time Optimized Range Filter for Key-Value Stores 2020 SIGMOD 8.1324472e-05
2,780 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 8.0073289e-05
2,796 Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine 2020 SIGMOD 7.9849253e-05
2,882 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 7.894356e-05
3,532 Key-Value Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 7.2054521e-05
3,650 Nova-LSM: A Distributed, Component-based LSM-tree Key-value Store 2021 SIGMOD 7.1170026e-05
4,064 Disaggregating RocksDB: A Production Experience 2023 SIGMOD 6.8113799e-05
4,126 Napa: Powering Scalable Data Warehousing with Robust Query Performance at Google 2021 VLDB 6.7797675e-05
4,141 On Performance Stability in LSM-based Storage Systems 2020 VLDB 6.7690985e-05
4,763 Cloud-Native Transactions and Analytics in SingleStore 2022 SIGMOD 6.4172712e-05
4,797 LSched: A Workload-Aware Learned Query Scheduler for Analytical Database Systems 2022 SIGMOD 6.3978116e-05
4,901 Oasis: An Optimal Disjoint Segmented Learned Range Filter 2024 VLDB 6.3483238e-05
4,970 A Comparative Study of Secondary Indexing Techniques in LSM-based NoSQL Databases 2018 SIGMOD 6.3213732e-05
5,046 Breaking Down Memory Walls: Adaptive Memory Management in LSM-based Storage Systems 2021 VLDB 6.2884087e-05
5,065 Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores 2022 SIGMOD 6.2789973e-05
5,082 InfiniFilter: Expanding Filters to Infinity and Beyond 2023 SIGMOD 6.2679091e-05
5,272 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 6.1887235e-05
5,626 Dotori: A Key-Value SSD Based KV Store 2023 VLDB 6.0441077e-05
5,894 Compactionary: A Dictionary for LSM Compactions 2022 SIGMOD 5.9390155e-05
6,205 Prefix Filter: Practically and Theoretically Better Than Bloom 2022 VLDB 5.8336044e-05
6,507 FineLine: Log-structured Transactional Storage and Recovery 2018 VLDB 5.7453056e-05
6,602 ArkDB: A Key-Value Engine for Scalable Cloud Storage Services 2021 SIGMOD 5.7207472e-05
6,978 Towards Optimal Transaction Scheduling 2024 VLDB 5.6130331e-05
7,984 LETUS: A Log-Structured Efficient Trusted Universal BlockChain Storage 2024 SIGMOD 5.3962128e-05
8,555 SA-LSM: Optimize Data Layout for LSM-tree Based Storage using Survival Analysis 2022 VLDB 5.3021893e-05
9,215 Structural Designs Meet Optimality: Exploring Optimized LSM-tree Structures in A Colossal Configuration Space 2024 SIGMOD 5.1921944e-05
9,467 FlashAlloc: Dedicating Flash Blocks By Objects 2023 VLDB 5.1589556e-05
9,661 SHIELD: Encrypting Persistent Data of LSM-KVS from Monolithic to Disaggregated Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.1288127e-05
9,818 NEXT: A New Secondary Index Framework for LSM-based Data Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.1111219e-05
9,851 Scabbard: Single-Node Fault-Tolerant Stream Processing 2022 VLDB 5.1064323e-05
9,958 GeaFlow: A Graph Extended and Accelerated Dataflow System 2023 SIGMOD 5.0910746e-05
10,174 CloudJump: Optimizing Cloud Databases for Cloud Storages 2022 VLDB 5.0559291e-05
10,444 Bounding the Fragmentation of B-Trees Subject to Batched Insertions 2026 PODS 4.9605343e-05
10,563 O3-LSM: Maximizing Disaggregated LSM Write Performance via Three-Layer Offloading 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,796 How to Write to SSDs 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,915 Rethinking Learned Index and LSM-tree Integration 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,003 SOS: A High-Performance Distributed Key-Value Store for Large-Scale Online Services 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,013 Lakebase: Serverless Postgres over Open Lake Storage 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,333 LogCloud: Fast Search of Compressed Logs on Object Storage 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,345 Fair Transaction Processing for Multi-Tenant Databases 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,356 Keigo: Co-designing Log-Structured Merge Key-Value Stores with a Non-Volatile, Concurrency-aware Storage Hierarchy 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

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