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The Art of Balance: A RateupDB Experience of Building a CPU/GPU Hybrid Database Product

Summary: Industry experience report on RateupDB, a complete CPU/GPU HTAP product, emphasizing balanced OLTP/OLAP support, performance versus development productivity, and algorithm choices. Full-system TPC-H results demonstrate advantages over GPU DBMS alternatives. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
12695
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
6.6105578e-05
Overall Rank
4,603 | 68.43%
DOI
10.14778/3476311.3476378

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{lee_vldb21,
        title = {{The Art of Balance: A RateupDB Experience of Building a CPU/GPU Hybrid Database Product}},
        author = {Lee, Rubao and Zhou, Minghong and Li, Chi and Hu, Shenggang and Teng, Jianping and Li, Dongyang and Zhang, Xiaodong},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '21},
        volume = {14},
        number = {12},
        pages = {2999--3013},
        doi = {10.14778/3476311.3476378},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3476311.3476378},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 13 of 13 citing papers.

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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 52 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
6 Pig Latin: A Not-So-Foreign Language for Data Processing 2008 SIGMOD 0.0010686205
12 C-Store: A Column-oriented DBMS 2005 VLDB 0.00069513174
18 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059284255
19 A Critique of ANSI SQL Isolation Levels 1995 SIGMOD 0.00058720861
29 Database Architecture Optimized for the New Bottleneck: Memory Access 1999 VLDB 0.00052093615
49 Weaving Relations for Cache Performance 2001 VLDB 0.00043781096
84 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035838391
154 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00028726181
186 The Vertica Analytic Database: C-Store 7 Years Later 2012 VLDB 0.00026182534
209 Sort vs. Hash Revisited: Fast Join Implementation on Modern Multi-Core CPUs 2009 VLDB 0.00024932174
252 Multi-Core, Main-Memory Joins: Sort vs. Hash Revisited 2014 VLDB 0.00023242719
271 TiDB: A Raft-based HTAP Database 2020 VLDB 0.00022703024
345 Column-Stores vs. Row-Stores: How Different Are They Really? 2008 SIGMOD 0.00020656723
347 Tuning Database Configuration Parameters with iTuned 2009 VLDB 0.00020651582
360 Design and Evaluation of Main Memory Hash Join Algorithms for Multi-core CPUs 2011 SIGMOD 0.00020182846
423 Massively Parallel Sort-Merge Joins in Main Memory Multi-Core Database Systems 2012 VLDB 0.00018725853
465 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001803934
568 SageDB: A Learned Database System 2019 CIDR 0.0001641553
575 Efficient Transaction Processing in SAP HANA Database – The End of a Column Store Myth 2012 SIGMOD 0.00016257033
631 Relational Joins on Graphics Processors 2008 SIGMOD 0.00015591241
655 ERMIA: Fast Memory-Optimized Database System for Heterogeneous Workloads 2016 SIGMOD 0.00015263509
712 Efficient Implementation of Sorting on Multi-Core SIMD CPU Architecture 2008 VLDB 0.0001468812
720 Anti-Caching: A New Approach to Database Management System Architecture 2013 VLDB 0.00014632914
823 The Yin and Yang of Processing Data Warehousing Queries on GPU Devices 2013 VLDB 0.00013792901
912 Hardware-Oblivious Parallelism for In-Memory Column-Stores 2013 VLDB 0.00013269804
1,238 BatchDB: Efficient Isolated Execution of Hybrid OLTP+OLAP Workloads for Interactive Applications 2017 SIGMOD 0.00011543368
1,362 Execution Strategies for SQL Subqueries 2007 SIGMOD 0.00011032204
1,466 A Study of the Fundamental Performance Characteristics of GPUs and CPUs for Database Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 0.0001068941
1,574 Pipelined Query Processing in Coprocessor Environments 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010321274
1,666 HippogriffDB: Balancing I/O and GPU Bandwidth in Big Data Analytics 2016 VLDB 0.00010068964
1,712 SkinnerDB: Regret-Bounded Query Evaluation via Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 9.9492299e-05
2,095 Enhanced Subquery Optimizations in Oracle 2009 VLDB 9.1803718e-05
2,232 Database Compression on Graphics Processors 2010 VLDB 8.8970926e-05
2,498 Mega-KV: A Case for GPUs to Maximize the Throughput of In-Memory Key-Value Stores 2015 VLDB 8.5016595e-05
2,504 Concurrent Analytical Query Processing with GPUs 2014 VLDB 8.4963369e-05
2,563 AnalyticDB: Real-time OLAP Database System at Alibaba Cloud 2019 VLDB 8.412445e-05
2,667 A Memory Bandwidth-Efficient Hybrid Radix Sort on GPUs 2017 SIGMOD 8.2756346e-05
2,706 Major Technical Advancements in Apache Hive 2014 SIGMOD 8.2287564e-05
2,741 Hardware Acceleration in Commercial Databases: A Case Study of Spatial Operations 2004 VLDB 8.1851944e-05
2,885 High-Throughput Transaction Executions on Graphics Processors 2011 VLDB 7.9969529e-05
3,134 Efficient Join Algorithms For Large Database Tables in a Multi-GPU Environment 2021 VLDB 7.7231028e-05
3,135 Real-Time Distance-Based Outlier Detection in Data Streams 2021 VLDB 7.7214053e-05
3,204 BCC: Reducing False Aborts in Optimistic Concurrency Control with Low Cost for In-Memory Databases 2016 VLDB 7.639049e-05
3,895 The Case For Heterogeneous HTAP 2017 CIDR 7.0416054e-05
4,585 Data-Parallel Query Processing on Non-Uniform Data 2020 VLDB 6.6175897e-05
5,807 Improving Execution Efficiency of Just-in-time Compilation based Query Processing on GPUs 2021 VLDB 6.0805143e-05
6,194 Incorporating Super-Operators in Big-Data Query Optimizers 2020 VLDB 5.9470844e-05
6,629 A GPU-friendly Geometric Data Model and Algebra for Spatial Queries 2020 SIGMOD 5.8194784e-05
6,640 Understanding Insights into the Basic Structure and Essential Issues of Table Placement Methods in Clusters 2013 VLDB 5.8162526e-05
6,835 GPU-accelerated data management under the test of time 2020 CIDR 5.7584924e-05
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