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Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning

Summary: Proposes MSCN, a multi-set convolutional network that encodes relational query plans with set semantics to learn cardinalities and capture join-crossing correlations. Combines deep learning with sampling to handle zero-sample cases, yielding much better estimates on real-world data. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
314
Venue
CIDR
Year
2019
Pagerank
0.00035838391
Overall Rank
84 | 99.43%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{kipf_cidr19,
        address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands},
        series = {{CIDR} '19},
        title = {{Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning}},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Conference} on {Innovative} {Data} {Systems} {Research}},
        author = {Kipf, Andreas and Kipf, Thomas and Radke, Bernhard and Leis, Viktor and Boncz, Peter and Kemper, Alfons},
        year = {2019}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 30 of 180 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,206 Bridging the Gap: Cardinality Estimation for Semantic Queries on Unstructured Data 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,272 NeurBench: A Benchmark Suite for Learned Database Components with Drift Modeling: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,316 GenJoin: Conditional Generative Plan-to-Plan Query Optimizer that Learns from Subplan Hints 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,327 Rainbow: Risk-aware Index Benefit Estimation Facing Out Of Distribution Workloads 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,438 CorrBound: Cardinality Estimation Accounting for Inter- and Intra-relation Correlations 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,486 Qualitative Join Discovery in Data Lakes using Examples 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,505 The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,508 Practical Parameterized Query Optimization via Efficient Plan Reuse and List-wise Ranking 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,559 OBELISK: Efficient Offline Query Planning with Bayesian Optimization-Informed Language Model Reasoning 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,569 Toward Drift-Aware Database Benchmarking 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,586 TATA: An Efficient Framework for Task Transfer in Query Plan Representation 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,672 Optimizing Block Skipping for High-Dimensional Data with Learned Adaptive Curve 2025 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,875 Data-Agnostic Cardinality Learning from Imperfect Workloads 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,884 Conformal Prediction for Verifiable Learned Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,891 Cardinality Estimation for Having-Clauses 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,945 The Accuracy of Cardinality Estimators: Unraveling the Evaluation Result Conundrum 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,967 Privacy-Enhanced Database Synthesis for Benchmark Publishing 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,969 Improving DBMS Scheduling Decisions with Accurate Performance Prediction on Concurrent Queries 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,023 Opening The Black-Box: Explaining Learned Cost Models For Databases 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,059 Cardinality Estimation for Similarity Search on High-Dimensional Data Objects: The Impact of Reference Objects 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,065 Learned Cost Models for Query Optimization: From Batch to Streaming Systems 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,083 Graph Transformers for Query Plan Representation: Potentials and Challenges 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,091 LEAP: A Low-cost Spark SQL Query Optimizer using Pairwise Comparison 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,095 LASER: Buffer-Aware Learned Query Scheduling in Master-Standby Databases 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,160 Sub-optimal Join Order Identification with L1-error 2024 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
11,264 Agile-Ant: Self-managing Distributed Cache Management for Cost Optimization of Big Data Applications 2024 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,436 AdaChain: A Learned Adaptive Blockchain 2023 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,539 Juggler: Autonomous Cost Optimization and Performance Prediction of Big Data Applications 2022 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
11,547 LANTERN: Boredom-conscious Natural Language Description Generation of Query Execution Plans for Database Education 2022 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
11,644 Index-Based Join Size Estimation Using Adaptive Sampling 2021 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

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