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Bridging the Gap: Cardinality Estimation for Semantic Queries on Unstructured Data

Summary: SemStats estimates cardinalities for LLM-driven semantic queries over unstructured data using a semantic catalog/index and lightweight learned judges. Stratified importance sampling yields up to 25× lower error and 31× lower latency than prior methods. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 26 2026)

Paper ID
7397
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2026
Pagerank
5.093636e-05
Overall Rank
10,206 | 29.98%
DOI
10.1145/3802024

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Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{xu_sigmod26,
        title = {{Bridging the Gap: Cardinality Estimation for Semantic Queries on Unstructured Data}},
        author = {Xu, Shihui and Wang, Jiayi and Li, Guoliang},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '26},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3802024},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3802024},
        year = {2026}
}

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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 23 of 23 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0024089429
35 Improved Histograms for Selectivity Estimation of Range Predicates 1996 SIGMOD 0.00048481081
84 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035838391
101 Selectivity Estimation Without the Attribute Value Independence Assumption 1997 VLDB 0.00034376651
323 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00021264788
401 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019092557
465 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001803934
513 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00017190574
694 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.00014911698
697 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00014888851
713 Language Models Enable Simple Systems for Generating Structured Views of Heterogeneous Data Lakes 2024 VLDB 0.00014672521
802 Random Sampling over Joins Revisited 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013907725
1,245 Palimpzest: Optimizing AI-Powered Analytics with Declarative Query Processing 2025 CIDR 0.00011507415
1,343 DocETL: Agentic Query Rewriting and Evaluation for Complex Document Processing 2025 VLDB 0.00011095866
1,573 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010328171
2,956 The Design of an LLM-powered Unstructured Analytics System 2025 CIDR 7.9203461e-05
3,688 FACE: A Normalizing Flow based Cardinality Estimator 2022 VLDB 7.201795e-05
5,220 Databases Unbound: Querying All of the World’s Bytes with AI 2024 VLDB 6.3108362e-05
6,259 R-Bot: An LLM-based Query Rewrite System 2025 VLDB 5.93967e-05
6,371 QUEST: Query Optimization in Unstructured Document Analysis 2025 VLDB 5.8962187e-05
7,439 AOP: Automated and Interactive LLM Pipeline Orchestration for Answering Complex Queries 2025 CIDR 5.6181103e-05
9,307 Unify: A System For Unstructured Data Analytics 2025 VLDB 5.289545e-05
11,005 GaussDB-Vector: A Large-Scale Persistent Real-Time Vector Database for LLM Applications 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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