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Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store

Summary: LSM-tree KV stores face a trade-off among lookup cost, update cost, and memory. Monkey co-tunes merge policy, buffer, and per-level Bloom filters to minimize total Bloom false positives, guided by a closed-form model; LevelDB experiments show 50–80% lower lookup latency as data grows. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
5492
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2017
Pagerank
0.00018332392
Overall Rank
446 | 96.95%
DOI
10.1145/3035918.3064054

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{dayan_sigmod17,
        title = {{Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store}},
        author = {Dayan, Niv and Athanassoulis, Manos and Idreos, Stratos},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '17},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3035918.3064054},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3035918.3064054},
        year = {2017}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 81 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
790 FITing-Tree: A Data-aware Index Structure 2019 SIGMOD 0.0001401445
831 Dostoevsky: Better Space-Time Trade-Offs for LSM-Tree Based Key-Value Stores via Adaptive Removal of Superfluous Merging 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013748512
857 SlimDB: A Space-Efficient Key-Value Storage Engine For Semi-Sorted Data 2017 VLDB 0.00013568886
880 SuRF: Practical Range Query Filtering with Fast Succinct Tries 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013432693
1,213 MyRocks: LSM-Tree Database Storage Engine Serving Facebook's Social Graph 2020 VLDB 0.00011646797
1,502 The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010557694
1,616 The Data Calculator*: Data Structure Design and Cost Synthesis from First Principles and Learned Cost Models 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010213691
1,942 Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn 2019 CIDR 9.4451535e-05
1,954 Chucky: A Succinct Cuckoo Filter for LSM-Tree 2021 SIGMOD 9.4208165e-05
2,698 Rosetta: A Robust Space-Time Optimized Range Filter for Key-Value Stores 2020 SIGMOD 8.2450522e-05
2,755 Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine 2020 SIGMOD 8.163097e-05
2,866 Optimal Column Layout for Hybrid Workloads 2019 VLDB 8.0175489e-05
3,005 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 7.8608206e-05
3,054 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 7.8090808e-05
3,510 Performance-Optimal Filtering: Bloom Overtakes Cuckoo at High Throughput 2019 VLDB 7.3561488e-05
3,535 TreeLine: An Update-In-Place Key-Value Store for Modern Storage 2023 VLDB 7.3333933e-05
3,577 Cosine: A Cloud-Cost Optimized Self-Designing Key-Value Storage Engine 2022 VLDB 7.2930211e-05
3,773 SplinterDB and Maplets: Improving the Tradeoffs in Key-Value Store Compaction Policy 2023 SIGMOD 7.1384476e-05
3,798 Vector Quotient Filters: Overcoming the Time/Space Trade-Off in Filter Design 2021 SIGMOD 7.1165678e-05
4,262 On Performance Stability in LSM-based Storage Systems 2020 VLDB 6.7965035e-05
4,532 Stacked Filters: Learning to Filter by Structure 2021 VLDB 6.6436681e-05
4,664 GRF: A Global Range Filter for LSM-Trees with Shape Encoding 2024 SIGMOD 6.5787544e-05
4,665 Coconut: A Scalable Bottom-Up Approach for Building Data Series Indexes 2018 VLDB 6.5780693e-05
4,888 Enabling Low Tail Latency on Multicore Key-Value Stores 2020 VLDB 6.4609843e-05
4,960 InfiniFilter: Expanding Filters to Infinity and Beyond 2023 SIGMOD 6.4280133e-05
4,993 Key-Value Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 6.4096682e-05
5,109 The Case for Distributed Shared-Memory Databases with RDMA-Enabled Memory Disaggregation 2023 VLDB 6.3615847e-05
5,226 Breaking Down Memory Walls: Adaptive Memory Management in LSM-based Storage Systems 2021 VLDB 6.3090383e-05
5,229 Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores 2022 SIGMOD 6.307514e-05
5,692 Spatial Independent Range Sampling 2021 SIGMOD 6.119196e-05
5,766 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 6.094771e-05
5,978 From Auto-tuning One Size Fits All to Self-designed and Learned Data-intensive Systems 2019 SIGMOD 6.0212877e-05
6,456 LSMGraph: A High-Performance Dynamic Graph Storage System with Multi-Level CSR 2024 SIGMOD 5.8741786e-05
6,512 FineLine: Log-structured Transactional Storage and Recovery 2018 VLDB 5.8563029e-05
6,529 ArkDB: A Key-Value Engine for Scalable Cloud Storage Services 2021 SIGMOD 5.8501325e-05
6,539 Prefix Filter: Practically and Theoretically Better Than Bloom 2022 VLDB 5.8473945e-05
6,828 Breaking Down Memory Walls in LSM-based Storage Systems 2020 SIGMOD 5.7601608e-05
6,843 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD 5.7573899e-05
6,878 SepHash: A Write-Optimized Hash Index On Disaggregated Memory via Separate Segment Structure 2024 VLDB 5.7480267e-05
7,208 TimeUnion: An Efficient Architecture with Unified Data Model for Timeseries Management Systems on Hybrid Cloud Storage 2022 SIGMOD 5.6727339e-05
7,274 LSM-Trees and B-Trees: The Best of Both Worlds 2019 SIGMOD 5.658769e-05
7,459 Efficient Data Ingestion and Query Processing for LSM-Based Storage Systems 2019 VLDB 5.6119467e-05
7,469 Optimizing Collections of Bloom Filters within a Space Budget 2024 VLDB 5.609743e-05
7,757 CAMAL: Optimizing LSM-trees via Active Learning 2024 SIGMOD 5.5508469e-05
7,776 Aleph Filter: To Infinity in Constant Time 2024 VLDB 5.5464036e-05
8,156 How to Grow an LSM-tree? Towards Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice 2025 SIGMOD 5.4765648e-05
8,409 Time Series Representation for Visualization in Apache IoTDB 2024 SIGMOD 5.4311904e-05
8,463 Limousine: Blending Learned and Classical Indexes to Self-Design Larger-than-Memory Cloud Storage Engines 2024 SIGMOD 5.4205593e-05
8,475 Mnemosyne: Dynamic Workload-Aware BF Tuning via Accurate Statistics in LSM trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.4171036e-05
8,790 Practical Dynamic Extension for Sampling Indexes 2023 SIGMOD 5.3722049e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 9 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
232 LinkBench: a Database Benchmark Based on the Facebook Social Graph 2013 SIGMOD 0.00023830978
275 bLSM: A General Purpose Log Structured Merge Tree 2012 SIGMOD 0.00022630189
472 Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB 2017 CIDR 0.000179044
512 Tree Indexing on Solid State Drives 2010 VLDB 0.00017196795
883 Analyzing the Energy Efficiency of a Database Server 2010 SIGMOD 0.00013421859
1,112 Cache-Oblivious String B-trees 2006 PODS 0.00012125766
1,580 Compaction management in distributed key-value datastores 2015 VLDB 0.00010299919
2,604 Brainwash: A Data System for Feature Engineering 2013 CIDR 8.3524514e-05
4,826 Design Tradeoffs of Data Access Methods 2016 SIGMOD 6.4904836e-05
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