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The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum

Summary: Introduces LSM-Bush, an LSM with increasing adjacent-level capacity ratios (doubly-exponential) that drops write cost to O(log log N) and reshapes reads/memory. Presents Wacky, a continuum from lazy to greedy merge policies that can be instantiated in one system and analytically tuned to workload-specific trade-offs (e.g., range reads). (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
5777
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2019
Pagerank
0.00010557694
Overall Rank
1,502 | 89.70%
DOI
10.1145/3299869.3319903

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{dayan_sigmod19,
        title = {{The Log-Structured Merge-Bush \& the Wacky Continuum}},
        author = {Dayan, Niv and Idreos, Stratos},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '19},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3299869.3319903},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3299869.3319903},
        year = {2019}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 43 of 43 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,954 Chucky: A Succinct Cuckoo Filter for LSM-Tree 2021 SIGMOD 9.4208165e-05
2,698 Rosetta: A Robust Space-Time Optimized Range Filter for Key-Value Stores 2020 SIGMOD 8.2450522e-05
2,755 Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine 2020 SIGMOD 8.163097e-05
3,005 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 7.8608206e-05
3,054 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 7.8090808e-05
3,535 TreeLine: An Update-In-Place Key-Value Store for Modern Storage 2023 VLDB 7.3333933e-05
3,587 HUNTER: An Online Cloud Database Hybrid Tuning System for Personalized Requirements 2022 SIGMOD 7.2829345e-05
3,773 SplinterDB and Maplets: Improving the Tradeoffs in Key-Value Store Compaction Policy 2023 SIGMOD 7.1384476e-05
4,262 On Performance Stability in LSM-based Storage Systems 2020 VLDB 6.7965035e-05
4,664 GRF: A Global Range Filter for LSM-Trees with Shape Encoding 2024 SIGMOD 6.5787544e-05
4,960 InfiniFilter: Expanding Filters to Infinity and Beyond 2023 SIGMOD 6.4280133e-05
4,993 Key-Value Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 6.4096682e-05
5,226 Breaking Down Memory Walls: Adaptive Memory Management in LSM-based Storage Systems 2021 VLDB 6.3090383e-05
5,229 Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores 2022 SIGMOD 6.307514e-05
5,692 Spatial Independent Range Sampling 2021 SIGMOD 6.119196e-05
5,766 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 6.094771e-05
5,907 Dotori: A Key-Value SSD Based KV Store 2023 VLDB 6.0453752e-05
6,139 Toward a Better Understanding and Evaluation of Tree Structures on Flash SSDs 2021 VLDB 5.9638351e-05
6,679 Revisiting the Design of LSM-tree Based OLTP Storage Engine with Persistent Memory 2021 VLDB 5.8050516e-05
6,843 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD 5.7573899e-05
7,208 TimeUnion: An Efficient Architecture with Unified Data Model for Timeseries Management Systems on Hybrid Cloud Storage 2022 SIGMOD 5.6727339e-05
7,693 CaaS-LSM: Compaction-as-a-Service for LSM-based Key-Value Stores in Storage Disaggregated Infrastructure 2024 SIGMOD 5.5663461e-05
7,757 CAMAL: Optimizing LSM-trees via Active Learning 2024 SIGMOD 5.5508469e-05
7,776 Aleph Filter: To Infinity in Constant Time 2024 VLDB 5.5464036e-05
8,156 How to Grow an LSM-tree? Towards Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice 2025 SIGMOD 5.4765648e-05
8,360 SA-LSM: Optimize Data Layout for LSM-tree Based Storage using Survival Analysis 2022 VLDB 5.4444442e-05
8,409 Time Series Representation for Visualization in Apache IoTDB 2024 SIGMOD 5.4311904e-05
8,463 Limousine: Blending Learned and Classical Indexes to Self-Design Larger-than-Memory Cloud Storage Engines 2024 SIGMOD 5.4205593e-05
8,475 Mnemosyne: Dynamic Workload-Aware BF Tuning via Accurate Statistics in LSM trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.4171036e-05
8,790 Practical Dynamic Extension for Sampling Indexes 2023 SIGMOD 5.3722049e-05
8,811 ArceKV: Towards Workload-driven LSM-compactions for Key-Value Store Under Dynamic Workloads 2026 VLDB 5.3652966e-05
8,897 BACH: Bridging Adjacency List and CSR Format using LSM-Trees for HGTAP Workloads 2025 VLDB 5.3495662e-05
8,919 MirrorKV: An Efficient Key-Value Store on Hybrid Cloud Storage with Balanced Performance of Compaction and Querying 2023 SIGMOD 5.3483178e-05
9,021 Structural Designs Meet Optimality: Exploring Optimized LSM-tree Structures in A Colossal Configuration Space 2024 SIGMOD 5.3305499e-05
9,457 Rethinking The Compaction Policies in LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.2642945e-05
9,465 Are Joins over LSM-trees Ready? Take RocksDB as an Example 2025 VLDB 5.2634238e-05
9,481 The End of Moore’s Law and the Rise of The Data Processor 2021 VLDB 5.2634238e-05
9,535 Disco: A Compact Index for LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.2533796e-05
10,134 A Multi-tenant Relational OLTP Database at Salesforce 2026 CIDR 5.093636e-05
10,307 Zeno Filter: To Infinity in Tiny Steps 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,355 Counting Is All You Need for Instant Tuple Discovery: Enabling Real-Time HTAP in Standalone DBMSs 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,465 Improving Range Scan Performance in LSM-trees with Group Caching 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,471 Making LSM-Tree-based Key-Value Store Practical and Efficient for Multi-Tenant Serverless Cloud Databases 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 21 of 21 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
232 LinkBench: a Database Benchmark Based on the Facebook Social Graph 2013 SIGMOD 0.00023830978
275 bLSM: A General Purpose Log Structured Merge Tree 2012 SIGMOD 0.00022630189
446 Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store 2017 SIGMOD 0.00018332392
472 Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB 2017 CIDR 0.000179044
512 Tree Indexing on Solid State Drives 2010 VLDB 0.00017196795
614 Faster: A Concurrent Key-Value Store with In-Place Updates 2018 SIGMOD 0.00015720975
831 Dostoevsky: Better Space-Time Trade-Offs for LSM-Tree Based Key-Value Stores via Adaptive Removal of Superfluous Merging 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013748512
857 SlimDB: A Space-Efficient Key-Value Storage Engine For Semi-Sorted Data 2017 VLDB 0.00013568886
967 FlashStore: High Throughput Persistent Key-Value Store 2010 VLDB 0.0001291715
981 Incremental Organization for Data Recording and Warehousing 1997 VLDB 0.0001284025
1,112 Cache-Oblivious String B-trees 2006 PODS 0.00012125766
1,616 The Data Calculator*: Data Structure Design and Cost Synthesis from First Principles and Learned Cost Models 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010213691
1,677 SkimpyStash: RAM Space Skimpy Key-Value Store on Flash-based Storage 2011 SIGMOD 0.00010032149
1,942 Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn 2019 CIDR 9.4451535e-05
1,983 Pregelix: Big(ger) Graph Analytics on A Dataflow Engine 2015 VLDB 9.3544951e-05
2,970 Accordion: Better Memory Organization for LSM Key-Value Stores 2018 VLDB 7.9122212e-05
3,517 LittleTable: A Time-Series Database and Its Uses 2017 SIGMOD 7.3523997e-05
4,058 Fast Scans on Key-Value Stores 2017 VLDB 6.9335663e-05
4,665 Coconut: A Scalable Bottom-Up Approach for Building Data Series Indexes 2018 VLDB 6.5780693e-05
7,064 Coconut Palm: Static and Streaming Data Series Exploration Now in your Palm 2019 SIGMOD 5.7123867e-05
7,249 GeckoFTL: Scalable Flash Translation Techniques For Very Large Flash Devices 2016 SIGMOD 5.6634301e-05
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