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Out-of-Order Processing: A New Architecture for High-Performance Stream Systems

Summary: OOP architecture removes in-order constraints by using progress indicators (punctuation/heartbeats) to unblock operators. Implemented in Gigascope and NiagaraST, OOP improves memory, throughput, and latency versus IOP, especially under bursty workloads. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
9865
Venue
VLDB
Year
2008
Pagerank
0.00011602265
Overall Rank
1,223 | 91.62%
DOI
10.14778/1453856.1453860

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{li_vldb08,
        title = {{Out-of-Order Processing: A New Architecture for High-Performance Stream Systems}},
        author = {Li, Jin and Tufte, Kristin and Shkapenyuk, Vladislav and Papadimos, Vassilis and Johnson, Theodore and Maier, David},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '08},
        volume = {1},
        number = {1},
        pages = {274--285},
        doi = {10.14778/1453856.1453860},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/1453856.1453860},
        year = {2008}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 32 of 32 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
224 MillWheel: Fault-Tolerant Stream Processing at Internet Scale 2013 VLDB 0.00024130894
361 The Dataflow Model: A Practical Approach to Balancing Correctness, Latency, and Cost in Massive-Scale, Unbounded, Out-of-Order Data Processing 2015 VLDB 0.00020138717
1,945 Continuous Analytics Over Discontinuous Streams 2010 SIGMOD 9.4348569e-05
3,342 High-Performance Dynamic Pattern Matching over Disordered Streams 2010 VLDB 7.4999147e-05
4,189 On-the-fly Progress Detection in Iterative Stream Queries 2009 VLDB 6.8435848e-05
4,389 Consistency and Completeness: Rethinking Distributed Stream Processing in Apache Kafka 2021 SIGMOD 6.7304854e-05
4,463 Consistency in a Stream Warehouse 2011 CIDR 6.6860367e-05
4,820 LightSaber: Efficient Window Aggregation on Multi-core Processors 2020 SIGMOD 6.493623e-05
5,101 To Share, or not to Share Online Event Trend Aggregation Over Bursty Event Streams 2021 SIGMOD 6.3642265e-05
5,310 Low-Latency Handshake Join 2014 VLDB 6.2702891e-05
5,719 Optimal and General Out-of-Order Sliding-Window Aggregation 2019 VLDB 6.1094861e-05
5,756 Clonos: Consistent Causal Recovery for Highly-Available Streaming Dataflows 2021 SIGMOD 6.097233e-05
6,122 iOLAP: Managing Uncertainty for Efficient Incremental OLAP 2016 SIGMOD 5.9687498e-05
6,168 GRETA: Graph-based Real-time Event Trend Aggregation 2018 VLDB 5.9519439e-05
6,680 Beyond Analytics: The Evolution of Stream Processing Systems 2020 SIGMOD 5.8049764e-05
6,942 Inter-Operator Feedback in Data Stream Management Systems via Punctuation 2009 CIDR 5.7330106e-05
7,294 Hazelcast Jet: Low-latency Stream Processing at the 99.99th Percentile 2021 VLDB 5.6532162e-05
7,590 Ananke: A Streaming Framework for Live Forward Provenance 2021 VLDB 5.5904584e-05
7,626 Quality-Driven Continuous Query Execution over Out-of-Order Data Streams 2015 SIGMOD 5.5800458e-05
8,322 Event Trend Aggregation Under Rich Event Matching Semantics 2019 SIGMOD 5.4540698e-05
8,824 DLACEP: A Deep-Learning Based Framework for Approximate Complex Event Processing 2022 SIGMOD 5.3623113e-05
8,973 Distance-based Outlier Query Optimization in Apache IoTDB 2024 VLDB 5.3414033e-05
9,258 Data Stream Warehousing in Tidalrace 2015 CIDR 5.29708e-05
9,468 Disaggregated State Management in Apache Flink 2.0 2025 VLDB 5.2634238e-05
9,784 Dynamic Graph Databases with Out-of-order Updates 2024 VLDB 5.2209769e-05
10,063 Keep Your Distributed Data Warehouse Consistent at a Minimal Cost 2023 SIGMOD 5.1650158e-05
10,996 Scribe: How Meta transports terabytes per second in real time 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,159 PECJ: Stream Window Join on Disorder Data Streams with Proactive Error Compensation 2024 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
11,460 Out-of-Order Sliding-Window Aggregation with Efficient Bulk Evictions and Insertions 2023 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,633 Synchronization Schemas 2021 PODS 5.093636e-05
11,665 Klink: Progress-Aware Scheduling for Streaming Data Systems 2021 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
12,525 Tagging Stream Data for Rich Real-Time Services 2009 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 17 of 17 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
53 Eddies: Continuously Adaptive Query Processing 2000 SIGMOD 0.00041071971
230 Gigascope: A Stream Database for Network Applications 2003 SIGMOD 0.00023891474
424 Flexible Time Management in Data Stream Systems 2004 PODS 0.0001870735
1,093 Maximizing the Output Rate of Multi-Way Join Queries over Streaming Information Sources 2003 VLDB 0.00012218435
1,263 Resource Sharing in Continuous Sliding-Window Aggregates 2004 VLDB 0.00011425419
1,354 On-the-Fly Sharing for Streamed Aggregation 2006 SIGMOD 0.00011057534
1,680 Online Dynamic Reordering for Interactive Data Processing 1999 VLDB 0.00010024295
1,703 Semantics and Evaluation Techniques for Window Aggregates in Data Streams 2005 SIGMOD 9.9673138e-05
1,763 Dynamic Pipeline Scheduling for Improving Interactive Query Performance 2001 VLDB 9.8124899e-05
1,789 Fault-Tolerance in the Borealis Distributed Stream Processing System 2005 SIGMOD 9.7502324e-05
2,735 Scheduling for shared window joins over data streams 2003 VLDB 8.1896124e-05
3,044 Holistic UDAFs at Streaming Speeds 2004 SIGMOD 7.820774e-05
3,255 Processing Sliding Window Multi-Joins in Continuous Queries over Data Streams 2003 VLDB 7.591663e-05
3,332 A Heartbeat Mechanism and its Application in Gigascope 2005 VLDB 7.5129799e-05
3,657 Memory-Limited Execution of Windowed Stream Joins 2004 VLDB 7.2217692e-05
8,138 Safety Guarantee of Continuous Join Queries over Punctuated Data Streams 2006 VLDB 5.4803781e-05
8,139 CAPE: Continuous Query Engine with Heterogeneous-Grained Adaptivity 2004 VLDB 5.4803781e-05
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# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 9,460 Providing Resiliency to Load Variations in Distributed Stream Processing 2006 VLDB
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4 361 The Dataflow Model: A Practical Approach to Balancing Correctness, Latency, and Cost in Massive-Scale, Unbounded, Out-of-Order Data Processing 2015 VLDB
5 6,942 Inter-Operator Feedback in Data Stream Management Systems via Punctuation 2009 CIDR
6 11,460 Out-of-Order Sliding-Window Aggregation with Efficient Bulk Evictions and Insertions 2023 VLDB
7 3,332 A Heartbeat Mechanism and its Application in Gigascope 2005 VLDB
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9 12,507 Supporting a Spectrum of Out-of-Order Event Processing Technologies: From Aggressive to Conservative Methodologies 2009 SIGMOD
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