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A Study of Index Structures for Main Memory Database Management Systems

Summary: Explores index structures for main-memory DBMSs, prioritizing CPU-cycle efficiency and cache-friendly layouts over disk-oriented designs. Proposes the T Tree and benchmarks it against existing structures, showing competitive memory-resident performance. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h843966561723f06c
Venue
VLDB
Year
1986
Pagerank
0.00023845485
Overall Rank
230 | 98.46%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{lehman_vldb86,
        title = {{A Study of Index Structures for Main Memory Database Management Systems}},
        author = {Lehman, Tobin J. and Carey, Michael J.},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '86},
        volume = {12},
        pages = {294--303},
        year = {1986}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 37 of 37 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
40 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046249672
68 Making B+-Trees Cache Conscious in Main Memory 2000 SIGMOD 0.00037861537
157 OLTP Through the Looking Glass, and What We Found There 2008 SIGMOD 0.00028244257
209 Cache Conscious Indexing for Decision-Support in Main Memory 1999 VLDB 0.00024915373
212 Sort vs. Hash Revisited: Fast Join Implementation on Modern Multi-Core CPUs 2009 VLDB 0.00024786576
280 FAST: Fast Architecture Sensitive Tree Search on Modern CPUs and GPUs 2010 SIGMOD 0.00022267903
548 Improving Index Performance through Prefetching 2001 SIGMOD 0.00016534019
1,324 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011019001
1,386 Query Processing in Main Memory Database Management Systems 1986 SIGMOD 0.00010809129
1,529 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 0.00010320909
1,588 Fractal Prefetching B+-Trees: Optimizing Both Cache and Disk Performance 2002 SIGMOD 0.00010115044
1,611 The Data Calculator*: Data Structure Design and Cost Synthesis from First Principles and Learned Cost Models 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010066379
1,724 Cache-Conscious Concurrency Control of Main-Memory Indexes on Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Systems 2001 VLDB 9.7779713e-05
1,849 Main-Memory Index Structures with Fixed-Size Partial Keys 2001 SIGMOD 9.5008844e-05
2,155 A Recovery Algorithm for A High-Performance Memory-Resident Database System 1987 SIGMOD 8.9303931e-05
2,249 Designing Succinct Secondary Indexing Mechanism by Exploiting Column Correlations 2019 SIGMOD 8.7479608e-05
2,303 In-Memory Performance for Big Data 2015 VLDB 8.6602545e-05
2,343 BATON: A Balanced Tree Structure for Peer-to-Peer Networks 2005 VLDB 8.5978068e-05
2,369 Streaming Similarity Search over one Billion Tweets using Parallel Locality-Sensitive Hashing 2013 VLDB 8.5487072e-05
2,538 Supporting Flat Relations by a Nested Relational Kernel 1987 VLDB 8.3052522e-05
3,259 Locking and Latching in a Memory-Resident Database System 1992 VLDB 7.4726754e-05
3,383 A Hybrid B+-tree as Solution for In-Memory Indexing on CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Platforms 2016 SIGMOD 7.3393628e-05
3,716 CARMI: A Cache-Aware Learned Index with a Cost-based Construction Algorithm 2022 VLDB 7.0541948e-05
3,801 Fault-tolerant Stream Processing using a Distributed, Replicated File System 2008 VLDB 6.9925771e-05
4,051 In-Memory Data Management for Consumer Transactions: The TimesTen Approach 1999 SIGMOD 6.8159933e-05
5,398 Order-Preserving Key Compression for In-Memory Search Trees 2020 SIGMOD 6.1338952e-05
5,596 Efficient Main Memory Data Management Using the DBGraph Storage Model 1990 VLDB 6.054203e-05
5,933 Logical and Physical Versioning in Main Memory Databases 1997 VLDB 5.926126e-05
6,139 Parallel Index-based Stream Join on a Multicore CPU 2020 SIGMOD 5.8567401e-05
6,912 The Effect Of Large Main Memory On Database Systems 1986 SIGMOD 5.6333245e-05
8,264 Pea Hash: A Performant Extendible Adaptive Hashing Index 2023 SIGMOD 5.3501391e-05
8,302 Cubrick: Indexing Millions of Records per Second for Interactive Analytics 2016 VLDB 5.3430752e-05
11,191 VEGA: An Active-tuning Learned Index with Group-Wise Learning Granularity 2025 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
11,301 FB+-tree: A Memory-Optimized B+-tree with Latch-Free Update 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,943 Towards Efficient Main-Memory Use For Optimum Tree Index Update 2008 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,266 Xmas: An Extensible Main-Memory Storage System for High-Performance Applications 1998 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
13,424 Fast Search In Main Memory Databases 1992 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7 Implementation Techniques For Main Memory Database Systems 1984 SIGMOD 0.00081781676
1,386 Query Processing in Main Memory Database Management Systems 1986 SIGMOD 0.00010809129
2,417 Cascade Hashing 1984 VLDB 8.4836683e-05
2,807 Unified Dynamic Hashing 1984 VLDB 7.9651495e-05
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