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A Study of Index Structures for Main Memory Database Management Systems

Summary: Explores index structures for main-memory DBMSs, prioritizing CPU-cycle efficiency and cache-friendly layouts over disk-oriented designs. Proposes the T Tree and benchmarks it against existing structures, showing competitive memory-resident performance. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h843966561723f06c
Venue
VLDB
Year
1986
Pagerank
0.00023915204
Overall Rank
229 | 98.47%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{lehman_vldb86,
        title = {{A Study of Index Structures for Main Memory Database Management Systems}},
        author = {Lehman, Tobin J. and Carey, Michael J.},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '86},
        volume = {12},
        pages = {294--303},
        year = {1986}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 37 of 37 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
40 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046363107
68 Making B+-Trees Cache Conscious in Main Memory 2000 SIGMOD 0.00037957995
157 OLTP Through the Looking Glass, and What We Found There 2008 SIGMOD 0.00028316479
206 Cache Conscious Indexing for Decision-Support in Main Memory 1999 VLDB 0.00024981343
210 Sort vs. Hash Revisited: Fast Join Implementation on Modern Multi-Core CPUs 2009 VLDB 0.00024844328
277 FAST: Fast Architecture Sensitive Tree Search on Modern CPUs and GPUs 2010 SIGMOD 0.00022320139
547 Improving Index Performance through Prefetching 2001 SIGMOD 0.00016575635
1,313 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011055196
1,384 Query Processing in Main Memory Database Management Systems 1986 SIGMOD 0.00010842059
1,525 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 0.00010355133
1,586 Fractal Prefetching B+-Trees: Optimizing Both Cache and Disk Performance 2002 SIGMOD 0.00010143882
1,606 The Data Calculator*: Data Structure Design and Cost Synthesis from First Principles and Learned Cost Models 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010091937
1,716 Cache-Conscious Concurrency Control of Main-Memory Indexes on Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Systems 2001 VLDB 9.8041694e-05
1,839 Main-Memory Index Structures with Fixed-Size Partial Keys 2001 SIGMOD 9.5284548e-05
2,146 A Recovery Algorithm for A High-Performance Memory-Resident Database System 1987 SIGMOD 8.9573718e-05
2,237 Designing Succinct Secondary Indexing Mechanism by Exploiting Column Correlations 2019 SIGMOD 8.7738349e-05
2,291 In-Memory Performance for Big Data 2015 VLDB 8.6855592e-05
2,330 BATON: A Balanced Tree Structure for Peer-to-Peer Networks 2005 VLDB 8.6260609e-05
2,363 Streaming Similarity Search over one Billion Tweets using Parallel Locality-Sensitive Hashing 2013 VLDB 8.572554e-05
2,531 Supporting Flat Relations by a Nested Relational Kernel 1987 VLDB 8.3313296e-05
3,243 Locking and Latching in a Memory-Resident Database System 1992 VLDB 7.4963763e-05
3,374 A Hybrid B+-tree as Solution for In-Memory Indexing on CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Platforms 2016 SIGMOD 7.3606793e-05
3,710 CARMI: A Cache-Aware Learned Index with a Cost-based Construction Algorithm 2022 VLDB 7.0775695e-05
3,792 Fault-tolerant Stream Processing using a Distributed, Replicated File System 2008 VLDB 7.0157179e-05
4,034 In-Memory Data Management for Consumer Transactions: The TimesTen Approach 1999 SIGMOD 6.8366873e-05
5,388 Order-Preserving Key Compression for In-Memory Search Trees 2020 SIGMOD 6.1520776e-05
5,585 Efficient Main Memory Data Management Using the DBGraph Storage Model 1990 VLDB 6.0735021e-05
5,921 Logical and Physical Versioning in Main Memory Databases 1997 VLDB 5.9454117e-05
6,125 Parallel Index-based Stream Join on a Multicore CPU 2020 SIGMOD 5.8761704e-05
6,893 The Effect Of Large Main Memory On Database Systems 1986 SIGMOD 5.6520136e-05
8,247 Pea Hash: A Performant Extendible Adaptive Hashing Index 2023 SIGMOD 5.3678887e-05
8,287 Cubrick: Indexing Millions of Records per Second for Interactive Analytics 2016 VLDB 5.3607982e-05
11,131 VEGA: An Active-tuning Learned Index with Group-Wise Learning Granularity 2025 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
11,245 FB+-tree: A Memory-Optimized B+-tree with Latch-Free Update 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
12,901 Towards Efficient Main-Memory Use For Optimum Tree Index Update 2008 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
13,225 Xmas: An Extensible Main-Memory Storage System for High-Performance Applications 1998 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
13,383 Fast Search In Main Memory Databases 1992 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7 Implementation Techniques For Main Memory Database Systems 1984 SIGMOD 0.00081971778
1,384 Query Processing in Main Memory Database Management Systems 1986 SIGMOD 0.00010842059
2,409 Cascade Hashing 1984 VLDB 8.5108656e-05
2,798 Unified Dynamic Hashing 1984 VLDB 7.9906356e-05
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