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Leaper: A Learned Prefetcher for Cache Invalidation in LSM-tree based Storage Engines

Summary: Leaper, a learned prefetcher for LSM-tree storage, predicts hot records and prefetches them to the cache to dampen invalidations from compaction. Implemented as a lightweight X-Engine plug-in, it reduces cache invalidations by ~70% and latency spikes by ~99% with ≤0.95% overhead. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
12281
Venue
VLDB
Year
2020
Pagerank
7.1115502e-05
Overall Rank
3,802 | 73.92%
DOI
10.14778/3407790.3407803

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{yang_vldb20,
        title = {{Leaper: A Learned Prefetcher for Cache Invalidation in LSM-tree based Storage Engines}},
        author = {Yang, Lei and Wu, Hong and Zhang, Tieying and Cheng, Xuntao and Li, Feifei and Zou, Lei and Wang, Yujie and Chen, Rongyao and Wang, Jianying and Huang, Gui},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '20},
        volume = {13},
        number = {11},
        pages = {1976--1989},
        doi = {10.14778/3407790.3407803},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3407790.3407803},
        year = {2020}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 16 of 16 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,551 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 0.00010381398
3,005 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 7.8608206e-05
5,229 Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores 2022 SIGMOD 6.307514e-05
5,766 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 6.094771e-05
6,843 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD 5.7573899e-05
7,757 CAMAL: Optimizing LSM-trees via Active Learning 2024 SIGMOD 5.5508469e-05
8,156 How to Grow an LSM-tree? Towards Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice 2025 SIGMOD 5.4765648e-05
8,360 SA-LSM: Optimize Data Layout for LSM-tree Based Storage using Survival Analysis 2022 VLDB 5.4444442e-05
8,475 Mnemosyne: Dynamic Workload-Aware BF Tuning via Accurate Statistics in LSM trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.4171036e-05
8,811 ArceKV: Towards Workload-driven LSM-compactions for Key-Value Store Under Dynamic Workloads 2026 VLDB 5.3652966e-05
9,463 Hourglass: An Adaptive Range Filter with Lightweight Hybrid Encoding 2026 SIGMOD 5.2634238e-05
9,950 CloudJump: Optimizing Cloud Databases for Cloud Storages 2022 VLDB 5.1915905e-05
9,995 DumpKV: Learning based lifetime aware garbage collection for key value separation in LSM-tree 2025 VLDB 5.1814573e-05
10,267 Mathematical Foundations of Poisoning Attacks on Linear Regression over Cumulative Distribution Functions 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,480 PartitionKV: Redesigning LSM-tree KV Stores on NVMs with Adaptive Partitioning for Reducing Write Stalls and Amplification 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
11,294 Lindorm-UWC: An Ultra-Wide-Column Database for Internet of Vehicles 2024 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 16 of 16 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
43 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046060254
86 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00035316107
154 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00028726181
231 The LRU-K Page Replacement Algorithm For Database Disk Buffering 1993 SIGMOD 0.00023846898
234 Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2017 CIDR 0.00023810722
275 bLSM: A General Purpose Log Structured Merge Tree 2012 SIGMOD 0.00022630189
334 An End-to-End Automatic Cloud Database Tuning System Using Deep Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 0.00020875082
461 Query-based Workload Forecasting for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2018 SIGMOD 0.00018068441
498 QTune: A Query-Aware Database Tuning System with Deep Reinforcement Learning 2019 VLDB 0.00017440583
568 SageDB: A Learned Database System 2019 CIDR 0.0001641553
981 Incremental Organization for Data Recording and Warehousing 1997 VLDB 0.0001284025
1,347 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011073571
1,580 Compaction management in distributed key-value datastores 2015 VLDB 0.00010299919
2,755 Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine 2020 SIGMOD 8.163097e-05
3,219 iBTune: Individualized Buffer Tuning for Large-scale Cloud Databases 2019 VLDB 7.6283153e-05
4,000 DBSeer: Resource and Performance Prediction for Building a Next Generation Database Cloud 2013 CIDR 6.9666198e-05
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# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 10,471 Making LSM-Tree-based Key-Value Store Practical and Efficient for Multi-Tenant Serverless Cloud Databases 2026 SIGMOD
2 275 bLSM: A General Purpose Log Structured Merge Tree 2012 SIGMOD
3 6,843 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD
4 6,828 Breaking Down Memory Walls in LSM-based Storage Systems 2020 SIGMOD
5 9,995 DumpKV: Learning based lifetime aware garbage collection for key value separation in LSM-tree 2025 VLDB
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7 11,908 Splaying Log-Structured Merge-Trees 2018 SIGMOD
8 2,755 Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine 2020 SIGMOD
9 8,360 SA-LSM: Optimize Data Layout for LSM-tree Based Storage using Survival Analysis 2022 VLDB
10 11,554 Workload-Adaptive Filtering in Storage Engines 2022 SIGMOD