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Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions

Summary: LIPP is a fully updatable learned-index framework whose tree extensions preserve precise leaf positions, avoiding lookup degradation under inserts/deletes. Dynamic height adjustment yields bounded trees and up to 4× gains across mixed workloads. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
12505
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
0.00010381398
Overall Rank
1,551 | 89.37%
DOI
10.14778/3457390.3457393

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{wu_vldb21,
        title = {{Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions}},
        author = {Wu, Jiacheng and Zhang, Yong and Chen, Shimin and Wang, Jin and Chen, Yu and Xing, Chunxiao},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '21},
        volume = {14},
        number = {8},
        pages = {1276--1288},
        doi = {10.14778/3457390.3457393},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3457390.3457393},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 41 of 41 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
2,806 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 8.1013097e-05
2,910 APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 7.9700885e-05
3,729 CARMI: A Cache-Aware Learned Index with a Cost-based Construction Algorithm 2022 VLDB 7.1683974e-05
3,792 Learned Index: A Comprehensive Experimental Evaluation 2023 VLDB 7.1220982e-05
4,300 DILI: A Distribution-Driven Learned Index 2023 VLDB 6.773869e-05
4,414 NFL: Robust Learned Index via Distribution Transformation 2022 VLDB 6.7159984e-05
4,578 PLIN: A Persistent Learned Index for Non-Volatile Memory with High Performance and Instant Recovery 2023 VLDB 6.6210545e-05
4,751 The RLR-Tree: A Reinforcement Learning Based R-Tree for Spatial Data 2023 SIGMOD 6.5241784e-05
5,423 Updatable Learned Indexes Meet Disk-Resident DBMS - From Evaluations to Design Choices 2023 SIGMOD 6.2242567e-05
5,447 FILM: a Fully Learned Index for Larger-than-Memory Databases 2023 VLDB 6.2149491e-05
5,974 Towards instance-optimized data systems 2021 VLDB 6.0230488e-05
6,459 LMSFC: A Novel Multidimensional Index based on Learned Monotonic Space Filling Curves 2023 VLDB 5.8727182e-05
6,687 Making In-Memory Learned Indexes Efficient on Disk 2024 SIGMOD 5.8022308e-05
6,874 SALI: A Scalable Adaptive Learned Index Framework based on Probability Models 2023 SIGMOD 5.7489487e-05
7,012 Adaptive Hybrid Indexes 2022 SIGMOD 5.7262686e-05
7,224 LITS: An Optimized Learned Index for Strings 2024 VLDB 5.6675134e-05
7,368 Accelerating String-key Learned Index Structures via Memoization-based Incremental Training 2024 VLDB 5.6315363e-05
7,392 Hyper: A High-Performance and Memory-Efficient Learned Index via Hybrid Construction 2024 SIGMOD 5.6265456e-05
8,039 Algorithmic Complexity Attacks on Dynamic Learned Indexes 2024 VLDB 5.5021992e-05
8,048 WISK: A Workload-aware Learned Index for Spatial Keyword Queries 2023 SIGMOD 5.5003171e-05
8,221 NeurDB: On the Design and Implementation of an AI-powered Autonomous Database 2025 CIDR 5.4640314e-05
8,234 The Case for Learned In-Memory Joins 2023 VLDB 5.460955e-05
8,249 Femur: A Flexible Framework for Fast and Secure Querying from Public Key-Value Store 2025 SIGMOD 5.4574671e-05
8,591 A New Paradigm in Tuning Learned Indexes: A Reinforcement Learning Enhanced Approach 2025 SIGMOD 5.4059856e-05
8,709 Why Are Learned Indexes So Effective but Sometimes Ineffective? 2025 VLDB 5.3789739e-05
8,986 One Seed, Two Birds: A Unified Learned Structure for Exact and Approximate Counting 2024 SIGMOD 5.3387783e-05
9,411 Can Learned Indexes be Built Efficiently? A Deep Dive into Sampling Trade-offs 2024 SIGMOD 5.274743e-05
9,599 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.2492748e-05
9,998 SWIX: A Memory-efficient Sliding Window Learned Index 2024 SIGMOD 5.1814573e-05
10,261 LICO: An SIMD-Aware High-Performance Learned Inverted Index Compression Framework 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,262 LINE: A Learned Index with Group-Enhanced Leaves and Cache-Optimized Inner Tree 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,267 Mathematical Foundations of Poisoning Attacks on Linear Regression over Cumulative Distribution Functions 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,272 NeurBench: A Benchmark Suite for Learned Database Components with Drift Modeling: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,277 On Self-Designing Learned Indexes 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,378 High Performance or Low Memory? An Updatable Learned Index Framework for Time-Space Tradeoff 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,458 From Learning to Recycling: A Log-Structured Learned-Less Index 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,461 HIRE: A Hybrid Learned Index for Robust and Efficient Performance under Mixed Workloads 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,505 The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,610 A Workload-Aware Encrypted Index for Efficient Privacy-Preserving Range Queries 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,617 LiBox: A Learned Index as an Array to Minimize Last-Mile Search 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,682 VEGA: An Active-tuning Learned Index with Group-Wise Learning Granularity 2025 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 25 of 25 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
43 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046060254
86 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00035316107
154 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00028726181
204 Cache Conscious Indexing for Decision-Support in Main Memory 1999 VLDB 0.00025342994
214 ARIES/KVL: A Key-Value Locking Method for Concurrency Control of Multiaction Transactions Operating on B-Tree Indexes 1990 VLDB 0.00024680756
219 A Study of Index Structures for Main Memory Database Management Systems 1986 VLDB 0.00024293529
234 Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2017 CIDR 0.00023810722
278 FAST: Fast Architecture Sensitive Tree Search on Modern CPUs and GPUs 2010 SIGMOD 0.00022476841
401 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019092557
447 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00018322593
461 Query-based Workload Forecasting for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2018 SIGMOD 0.00018068441
477 The PGM-index: a fully-dynamic compressed learned index with provable worst-case bounds 2020 VLDB 0.00017851226
545 Improving Index Performance through Prefetching 2001 SIGMOD 0.00016766463
563 Plan-Structured Deep Neural Network Models for Query Performance Prediction 2019 VLDB 0.0001650812
621 Persistent B+-Trees in Non-Volatile Main Memory 2015 VLDB 0.00015695264
790 FITing-Tree: A Data-aware Index Structure 2019 SIGMOD 0.0001401445
847 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.0001365768
873 Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes 2020 SIGMOD 0.00013481915
882 HOT: A Height Optimized Trie Index for Main-Memory Database Systems 2018 SIGMOD 0.0001342403
1,135 Qd-tree: Learning Data Layouts for Big Data Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 0.00012032847
1,468 Towards a Learning Optimizer for Shared Clouds 2019 VLDB 0.00010686496
1,823 LB+-Trees: Optimizing Persistent Index Performance on 3DXPoint Memory 2020 VLDB 9.6739945e-05
3,051 Towards a Hands-Free Query Optimizer through Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 7.8121919e-05
3,802 Leaper: A Learned Prefetcher for Cache Invalidation in LSM-tree based Storage Engines 2020 VLDB 7.1115502e-05
3,865 The Case for a Learned Sorting Algorithm 2020 SIGMOD 7.0621718e-05
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