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Milvus: A Purpose-Built Vector Data Management System

Summary: Milvus is a purpose-built vector data management system for large-scale dynamic vector data on CPU/GPU and clusters. It offers SDKs/REST, advanced queries beyond similarity search, and scalable updates, outperforming Vearch/SPTAG by up to 100x. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
6239
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2021
Pagerank
0.00021767688
Overall Rank
495 | 96.56%
DOI
10.1145/3448016.3457550

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 33 of 83 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,090 Integrating Vector Databases across Embedding Models 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,110 SAQ: Pushing the Limits of Vector Quantization through Code Adjustment and Dimension Segmentation 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,111 Scalable Graph Indexing using GPUs for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,112 SEFRQO: A Self-Evolving Fine-Tuned RAG-Based Query Optimizer 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,124 TRIM: Accelerating High-Dimensional Vector Similarity Search with Enhanced Triangle-Inequality-Based Pruning 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,129 WoW: A Window-to-Window Incremental Index for Range-Filtering Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,146 CANDOR-Bench: Benchmarking In-Memory Continuous ANNS under Dynamic Open-World Streams [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,150 Curator: Efficient Vector Search with Low-Selectivity Filters 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,154 Distribution-Aware Exploration for Adaptive HNSW Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,158 Efficient and Robust Out-Of-Distribution Vector Similarity Search with Cross-Distribution Monotonic Graph 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,160 Efficient Vector Index Merging in Vector Databases 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,166 FGIM: a Fast Graph-based Indexes Merging Framework for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,167 FlashANNS: GPU-Driven Asynchronous I/O Pipelining for Eliminating Storage-Compute Bottlenecks in Billion-Scale Similarity Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,201 RAIRS: Optimizing Redundant Assignment and List Layout for IVF-Based ANN Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,222 RetroInfer: A Vector Storage Engine for Scalable Long-Context LLM Inference 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,256 I/O Optimizations for Graph-Based Disk-Resident Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search: A Design Space Exploration 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,273 An Experimental Evaluation of Hybrid Querying on Vectors 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,287 RED-ANNS: An RDMA-Enabled Distributed Framework for Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,303 Elastic Index Selection for Label-Hybrid AKNN Search 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,332 Cephalopod - Virtual Data Model Composition through Partial Query Translation 2025 CIDR 4.1945683e-05
10,409 MicroNN: An On-device Disk-resident Updatable Vector Database 2025 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,636 Concurrency Control as a Service 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,654 HAKES: Scalable Vector Database for Embedding Search Service 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,703 Fast Graph Vector Search via Hardware Acceleration and Delayed-Synchronization Traversal 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,711 Cracking Vector Search Indexes 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,737 Select Edges Wisely: Monotonic Path Aware Graph Layout Optimization for Disk-based ANN Search 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,743 NaviX: A Native Vector Index Design for Graph DBMSs With Robust Predicate-Agnostic Search Performance 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,761 SIEVE: Effective Filtered Vector Search with Collection of Indexes 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,776 GaussDB-Vector: A Large-Scale Persistent Real-Time Vector Database for LLM Applications 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,833 Cardinality Estimation for Similarity Search on High-Dimensional Data Objects: The Impact of Reference Objects 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,841 Filtered Vector Search: State-of-the-art and Research Opportunities 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,842 ML-Asset Management: Curation, Discovery, and Utilization 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,952 RITA: Group Attention is All You Need for Timeseries Analytics 2024 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 20 of 20 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7 Optimal Aggregation Algorithms for Middleware [Extended Abstract] 2001 PODS 0.0015496097
34 Similarity Search in High Dimensions via Hashing 1999 VLDB 0.00076637636
156 Amazon Aurora: Design Considerations for High Throughput Cloud-Native Relational Databases 2017 SIGMOD 0.00040504295
167 The Snowflake Elastic Data Warehouse 2016 SIGMOD 0.00039180521
210 Gorilla: A Fast, Scalable, In-Memory Time Series Database 2015 VLDB 0.0003404384
212 Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search With The Navigating Spreading-out Graph 2019 VLDB 0.00033913475
736 AnalyticDB-V: A Hybrid Analytical Engine Towards Query Fusion for Structured and Unstructured Data 2020 VLDB 0.00017447617
1,190 word2vec, node2vec, graph2vec, X2vec: Towards a Theory of Vector Embeddings of Structured Data 2020 PODS 0.00013438056
1,269 Cache locality is not enough: High-Performance Nearest Neighbor Search with Product Quantization Fast Scan 2016 VLDB 0.00012930432
1,636 PASE: PostgreSQL Ultra-High-Dimensional Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search Extension 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011053863
1,757 VHP: Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search via Virtual Hypersphere Partitioning 2020 VLDB 0.00010660932
2,181 PM-LSH: A Fast and Accurate LSH Framework for High-Dimensional Approximate NN Search 2020 VLDB 9.3451821e-05
2,435 iDEC: Indexable Distance Estimating Codes for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2020 VLDB 8.8252237e-05
2,862 An Experimental Study of Bitmap Compression vs. Inverted List Compression 2017 SIGMOD 7.9898539e-05
3,772 FEXIPRO: Fast and Exact Inner Product Retrieval in Recommender Systems 2017 SIGMOD 6.7761705e-05
3,938 Intelligent Probing for Locality Sensitive Hashing: Multi-Probe LSH and Beyond 2017 VLDB 6.6155909e-05
4,186 Best Position Algorithms for Top-k Queries 2007 VLDB 6.3764858e-05
4,198 Aggregation Support for Modern Graph Analytics in TigerGraph 2020 SIGMOD 6.3677305e-05
4,242 Db2 Event Store: A Purpose-Built IoT Database Engine 2020 VLDB 6.3315241e-05
5,855 Optimal Join Algorithms Meet Top-k 2020 SIGMOD 5.3006096e-05
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Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,160 Efficient Vector Index Merging in Vector Databases 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
13,087 VecFlow-Chamfer: A GPU-based Data Management System for High-Performance Multi-Vector Search on Superchips 2026 SIGMOD -
4,003 Data Platform for Machine Learning 2019 SIGMOD 6.54347e-05
2,320 High-Throughput Vector Similarity Search in Knowledge Graphs 2023 SIGMOD 9.0366225e-05
2,690 Starling: An I/O-Efficient Disk-Resident Graph Index Framework for High-Dimensional Vector Similarity Search on Data Segment 2024 SIGMOD 8.293714e-05
9,881 VStream: A Distributed Streaming Vector Search System 2025 VLDB 4.2643674e-05
10,776 GaussDB-Vector: A Large-Scale Persistent Real-Time Vector Database for LLM Applications 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,058 Building Stateless Serverless Vector DBs via Block-based Data Partitioning 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
3,680 SingleStore-V: An Integrated Vector Database System in SingleStore 2024 VLDB 6.8496415e-05
10,039 VecFlow: A High-Performance Vector Data Management System for Filtered-Search on GPUs 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05