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RaBitQ: Quantizing High-Dimensional Vectors with a Theoretical Error Bound for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search

Summary: RaBitQ: randomized quantization for ANN in high-dimensional Euclidean space, encoding each D-dim vector into D bits. Key novelty: a sharp theoretical distance-error bound for quantized search, while retaining SIMD/bitwise efficiency and outperforming PQ variants empirically. (summarized by gpt-5.4-mini on May 24 2026)

Paper ID
h6a01d9752c8694d9
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2024
Pagerank
0.00013822222
Overall Rank
802 | 94.63%
DOI
10.1145/3654970
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{gao_sigmod24,
        title = {{RaBitQ: Quantizing High-Dimensional Vectors with a Theoretical Error Bound for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search}},
        author = {Gao, Jianyang and Long, Cheng},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '24},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3654970},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3654970},
        year = {2024}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 59 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,944 BBC: Improving Large-k Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search with a Bucket-based Result Collector 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,970 ANNiE: A Learned Query Cost Estimator for Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,980 TEngineDB-V: An OLAP-Native Vector Search System for Large-k Workloads at Tencent 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,983 RED-ANNS: An RDMA-Enabled Distributed Framework for Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,999 SQL-Native Vector Search at Billion Scale in Presto 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,018 Nova: A Multi-Purpose Vector Engine for Low-Latency, Multi-Tenant, and Cross-Table Hybrid Retrieval 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,098 Advances of Query Processing in Vector Databases 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,118 Elastic Index Selection for Label-Hybrid AKNN Search 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,151 A Theoretical Framework for Distribution-Aware Dataset Search 2025 PODS 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 26 of 26 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
45 A Quantitative Analysis and Performance Study for Similarity-Search Methods in High-Dimensional Spaces 1998 VLDB 0.00044967652
56 M-tree: An Efficient Access Method for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces 1997 VLDB 0.0004024707
75 Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search With The Navigating Spreading-out Graph 2019 VLDB 0.00037163157
181 Milvus: A Purpose-Built Vector Data Management System 2021 SIGMOD 0.00026425782
286 Query-Aware Locality-Sensitive Hashing for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2016 VLDB 0.00022090962
335 A Comprehensive Survey and Experimental Comparison of Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2021 VLDB 0.0002067515
339 Locality-Sensitive Hashing Scheme Based on Dynamic Collision Counting 2012 SIGMOD 0.00020558018
562 SRS: Solving c-Approximate Nearest Neighbor Queries in High Dimensional Euclidean Space with a Tiny Index 2015 VLDB 0.00016344855
710 Cache locality is not enough: High-Performance Nearest Neighbor Search with Product Quantization Fast Scan 2016 VLDB 0.00014598403
837 Improving Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search through Learned Adaptive Early Termination 2020 SIGMOD 0.00013530806
901 PASE: PostgreSQL Ultra-High-Dimensional Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search Extension 2020 SIGMOD 0.00013149954
1,165 Efficient Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search in Multi-dimensional Databases 2023 SIGMOD 0.00011708765
1,318 VHP: Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search via Virtual Hypersphere Partitioning 2020 VLDB 0.00011035606
1,371 High-Throughput Vector Similarity Search in Knowledge Graphs 2023 SIGMOD 0.00010874981
1,460 PM-LSH: A Fast and Accurate LSH Framework for High-Dimensional Approximate NN Search 2020 VLDB 0.00010558941
1,601 High-Dimensional Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search: with Reliable and Efficient Distance Comparison Operations 2023 SIGMOD 0.00010092977
1,618 Towards Efficient Index Construction and Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search in High-Dimensional Spaces 2023 VLDB 0.00010045437
1,684 HVS: Hierarchical Graph Structure Based on Voronoi Diagrams for Solving Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2022 VLDB 9.8770749e-05
1,881 iDEC: Indexable Distance Estimating Codes for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2020 VLDB 9.4262036e-05
2,067 Similarity search in the blink of an eye with compressed indices 2023 VLDB 9.0707479e-05
2,879 The Lernaean Hydra of Data Series Similarity Search: An Experimental Evaluation of the State of the Art 2019 VLDB 7.8951769e-05
2,968 Locality-Sensitive Hashing Scheme based on Longest Circular Co-Substring 2020 SIGMOD 7.7879589e-05
3,065 New Trends in High-D Vector Similarity Search: AI-driven, Progressive, and Distributed 2021 VLDB 7.6759702e-05
3,244 Similarity Query Processing for High-Dimensional Data 2020 VLDB 7.479122e-05
3,552 A General and Efficient Querying Method for Learning to Hash 2018 SIGMOD 7.1888282e-05
6,621 Dumpy: A Compact and Adaptive Index for Large Data Series Collections 2023 SIGMOD 5.7145251e-05
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Semantically Similar Papers

# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 674 Efficient Similarity Search and Classification via Rank Aggregation 2003 SIGMOD
2 286 Query-Aware Locality-Sensitive Hashing for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2016 VLDB
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4 710 Cache locality is not enough: High-Performance Nearest Neighbor Search with Product Quantization Fast Scan 2016 VLDB
5 3,552 A General and Efficient Querying Method for Learning to Hash 2018 SIGMOD
6 10,943 GPU-Native Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search with IVF-RaBitQ: Fast Index Build and Search 2026 VLDB
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