Locally Adaptive Dimensionality Reduction for Indexing Large Time Series Databases

Summary: APCA yields per-series, locally optimized segments of varying lengths for high-fidelity reconstruction. Index APCA on a multidimensional index with LB and a tight non-LB distance, enabling fast exact and approximate searches. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: hae60bb2e9e2a8737
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2001
Pagerank: 0.00025558119
Overall Rank: 198 | 98.68%
DOI: 10.1145/375663.375680

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Eamonn Keogh (University of California Irvine)
2. Kaushik Chakrabarti (University of California Irvine)
3. Sharad Mehrotra (University of California Irvine)
4. Michael Pazzani (University of California Irvine)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{keogh_sigmod01,
        title = {{Locally Adaptive Dimensionality Reduction for Indexing Large Time Series Databases}},
        author = {Keogh, Eamonn and Chakrabarti, Kaushik and Mehrotra, Sharad and Pazzani, Michael},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '01},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/375663.375680},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/375663.375680},
        year = {2001}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 59 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
147	Gorilla: A Fast, Scalable, In-Memory Time Series Database	2015	VLDB	0.00028941363
229	Robust and Fast Similarity Search for Moving Object Trajectories	2005	SIGMOD	0.00023850907
307	On The Marriage of Lp-norms and Edit Distance	2004	VLDB	0.00021496009
616	Exact Indexing of Dynamic Time Warping	2002	VLDB	0.00015512487
682	StatStream: Statistical Monitoring of Thousands of Data Streams in Real Time	2002	VLDB	0.00014783422
918	Querying and Mining of Time Series Data: Experimental Comparison of Representations and Distance Measures	2008	VLDB	0.00013051871
1,075	Warping Indexes with Envelope Transforms for Query by Humming	2003	SIGMOD	0.00012129172
1,098	A Data-adaptive and Dynamic Segmentation Index for Whole Matching on Time Series	2013	VLDB	0.00012016918
1,298	Indexing Spatio-Temporal Trajectories with Chebyshev Polynomials	2004	SIGMOD	0.00011104678
1,558	Ordering the Attributes of Query Results	2006	SIGMOD	0.000102274
1,578	k-Shape: Efficient and Accurate Clustering of Time Series	2015	SIGMOD	0.00010155847
1,738	Indexable PLA for Efficient Similarity Search	2007	VLDB	9.7335994e-05
1,806	Fast Approximate Correlation for Massive Time-series Data	2010	SIGMOD	9.5907745e-05
2,268	ELPIS: Graph-Based Similarity Search for Scalable Data Science	2023	VLDB	8.7144632e-05
2,502	An Efficient and Accurate Method for Evaluating Time Series Similarity	2007	SIGMOD	8.3580269e-05
2,507	Optimal Multi-scale Patterns in Time Series Streams	2006	SIGMOD	8.354587e-05
2,693	Identifying Similarities, Periodicities and Bursts for Online Search Queries	2004	SIGMOD	8.1107645e-05
2,733	Return of the Lernaean Hydra: Experimental Evaluation of Data Series Approximate Similarity Search	2020	VLDB	8.0653682e-05
2,879	The Lernaean Hydra of Data Series Similarity Search: An Experimental Evaluation of the State of the Art	2019	VLDB	7.8951769e-05
2,885	Graph-Based Vector Search: An Experimental Evaluation of the State-of-the-Art	2025	SIGMOD	7.8929868e-05
3,168	REHIST: Relative Error Histogram Construction Algorithms	2004	VLDB	7.5583423e-05
3,342	FTW: Fast Similarity Search under the Time Warping Distance	2005	PODS	7.3874144e-05
4,021	Continually Evaluating Similarity-Based Pattern Queries on a Streaming Time Series	2002	SIGMOD	6.8346215e-05
4,201	YADING: Fast Clustering of Large-Scale Time Series Data	2015	VLDB	6.7286195e-05
4,321	Data Series Progressive Similarity Search with Probabilistic Quality Guarantees	2020	SIGMOD	6.6519404e-05
4,334	GRAIL: Efficient Time-Series Representation Learning	2019	VLDB	6.6441978e-05
4,610	Sim-Piece: Highly Accurate Piecewise Linear Approximation through Similar Segment Merging	2023	VLDB	6.4882187e-05
4,620	Matrix Profile X: VALMOD - Scalable Discovery of Variable-Length Motifs in Data Series	2018	SIGMOD	6.4830197e-05
4,693	Coconut: A Scalable Bottom-Up Approach for Building Data Series Indexes	2018	VLDB	6.4490657e-05
4,717	Debunking Four Long-Standing Misconceptions of Time-Series Distance Measures	2020	SIGMOD	6.4388287e-05
4,962	Space efficiency in Synopsis construction algorithms	2005	VLDB	6.3244317e-05
5,010	Indexing Large Human-Motion Databases	2004	VLDB	6.3030754e-05
5,292	Online Event-driven Subsequence Matching over Financial Data Streams	2004	SIGMOD	6.1783225e-05
5,335	Hercules Against Data Series Similarity Search	2022	VLDB	6.1613957e-05
5,737	Ranked Subsequence Matching in Time-Series Databases	2007	VLDB	5.9955855e-05
6,202	VergeDB: A Database for IoT Analytics on Edge Devices	2021	CIDR	5.8347611e-05
6,335	Subsequence Matching on Structured Time Series Data	2005	SIGMOD	5.7930204e-05
6,530	Fast-Forwarding to Desired Visualizations with zenvisage	2017	CIDR	5.7368132e-05
6,643	Interactive Time Series Exploration Powered by the Marriage of Similarity Distances	2017	VLDB	5.7065488e-05
6,657	Indexing the Earth Mover’s Distance Using Normal Distributions	2012	VLDB	5.7033967e-05
6,700	Hierarchical Residual Encoding for Multiresolution Time Series Compression	2023	SIGMOD	5.6877938e-05
6,913	On Efficiently Searching Trajectories and Archival Data for Historical Similarities	2008	VLDB	5.6331177e-05
7,466	Set-based Similarity Search for Time Series	2016	SIGMOD	5.5047754e-05
7,574	GAMPS: Compressing Multi Sensor Data by Grouping and Amplitude Scaling	2009	SIGMOD	5.4772566e-05
7,661	A Structured Study of Multivariate Time-Series Distance Measures	2025	SIGMOD	5.4565877e-05
8,308	Anticipatory DTW for Efficient Similarity Search in Time Series Databases	2009	VLDB	5.3417975e-05
8,844	A Non-Linear Dimensionality-Reduction Technique for Fast Similarity Search in Large Databases	2006	SIGMOD	5.2501688e-05
9,422	Optimality and Scalability in Lattice Histogram Construction	2009	VLDB	5.1672232e-05
9,462	An Algorithmic Approach to Event Summarization	2010	SIGMOD	5.1592736e-05
9,478	Odyssey: A Journey in the Land of Distributed Data Series Similarity Search	2023	VLDB	5.1576017e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 12 of 12 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2	R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching	1984	SIGMOD	0.0019892478
28	Nearest Neighbor Queries	1995	SIGMOD	0.00051134355
42	Fast Subsequence Matching in Time-Series Databases	1994	SIGMOD	0.00045609336
386	Fast Similarity Search in the Presence of Noise, Scaling, and Translation in Time-Series Databases	1995	VLDB	0.00019396455
481	Fast Time Sequence Indexing for Arbitrary Lp Norms	2000	VLDB	0.00017567157
625	Efficiently Supporting Ad Hoc Queries in Large Datasets of Time Sequences	1997	SIGMOD	0.00015436082
812	Dimensionality Reduction for Similarity Searching in Dynamic Databases	1998	SIGMOD	0.00013710393
828	Optimal Multi-Step k-Nearest Neighbor Search	1998	SIGMOD	0.00013588099
832	Similarity-Based Queries for Time Series Data	1997	SIGMOD	0.00013562724
1,356	Querying Shapes of Histories	1995	VLDB	0.00010905701
1,642	Local Dimensionality Reduction: A New Approach to Indexing High Dimensional Spaces	2000	VLDB	9.9812004e-05
3,315	Fast Time-Series Searching with Scaling and Shifting	1999	PODS	7.4155055e-05

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#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	1,098	A Data-adaptive and Dynamic Segmentation Index for Whole Matching on Time Series	2013	VLDB
2	8,308	Anticipatory DTW for Efficient Similarity Search in Time Series Databases	2009	VLDB
3	616	Exact Indexing of Dynamic Time Warping	2002	VLDB
4	481	Fast Time Sequence Indexing for Arbitrary Lp Norms	2000	VLDB
5	6,913	On Efficiently Searching Trajectories and Archival Data for Historical Similarities	2008	VLDB
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7	812	Dimensionality Reduction for Similarity Searching in Dynamic Databases	1998	SIGMOD
8	1,642	Local Dimensionality Reduction: A New Approach to Indexing High Dimensional Spaces	2000	VLDB
9	8,844	A Non-Linear Dimensionality-Reduction Technique for Fast Similarity Search in Large Databases	2006	SIGMOD
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