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Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluation

Summary: Systematic benchmark of prompt-engineering components (question representation, example selection/organization) and token-efficiency for LLM-based Text-to-SQL. Proposes DAIL-SQL (86.6% execution on Spider) and evaluates open-source LLMs with supervised fine-tuning, revealing accuracy/efficiency/cost trade-offs. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
13363
Venue
VLDB
Year
2024
Pagerank
0.00025580097
Overall Rank
366 | 97.46%
DOI
10.14778/3641204.3641221

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 49 of 49 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
998 CodeS: Towards Building Open-source Language Models for Text-to-SQL 2024 SIGMOD 0.00014726344
3,666 The Dawn of Natural Language to SQL: Are We Fully Ready? 2024 VLDB 6.8606092e-05
3,862 OpenSearch-SQL: Enhancing Text-to-SQL with Dynamic Few-shot and Consistency Alignment 2025 SIGMOD 6.68436e-05
3,978 OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scale 2025 VLDB 6.5662694e-05
4,281 GenEdit: Compounding Operators and Continuous Improvement to Tackle Text-to-SQL in the Enterprise 2025 CIDR 6.2824978e-05
4,529 Hybrid Querying Over Relational Databases and Large Language Models 2025 CIDR 6.1057096e-05
4,908 Combining Small Language Models and Large Language Models for Zero-Shot NL2SQL 2024 VLDB 5.835596e-05
5,001 GenRewrite: Query Rewriting via Large Language Models 2026 SIGMOD 5.7634197e-05
5,032 FinSQL: Model-Agnostic LLMs-based Text-to-SQL Framework for Financial Analysis 2024 SIGMOD 5.7431004e-05
5,448 SNAILS: Schema Naming Assessments for Improved LLM-Based SQL Inference 2025 SIGMOD 5.4980173e-05
7,137 Automated Validating and Fixing of Text-to-SQL Translation with Execution Consistency 2025 SIGMOD 4.8165495e-05
7,351 Reliable Text-to-SQL with Adaptive Abstention 2025 SIGMOD 4.7484027e-05
8,054 Generating Succinct Descriptions of Database Schemata for Cost-Efficient Prompting of Large Language Models 2024 VLDB 4.5909042e-05
8,518 mLoRA: Fine-Tuning LoRA Adapters via Highly-Efficient Pipeline Parallelism in Multiple GPUs 2025 VLDB 4.4893996e-05
8,732 Unveiling Challenges for LLMs in Enterprise Data Engineering 2026 VLDB 4.4520434e-05
8,896 SQL-Factory: A Multi-Agent Framework for High-Quality and Large-Scale SQL Generation 2026 VLDB 4.4229886e-05
9,035 Sphinteract: Resolving Ambiguities in NL2SQL Through User Interaction 2025 VLDB 4.3997447e-05
9,151 The Power of Constraints in Natural Language to SQL Translation 2025 VLDB 4.380727e-05
9,239 Is Long Context All You Need? Leveraging LLM's Extended Context for NL2SQL 2025 VLDB 4.3648789e-05
9,240 ThriftLLM: On Cost-Effective Selection of Large Language Models for Classification Queries 2025 VLDB 4.3648789e-05
9,960 QueryArtisan: Generating Data Manipulation Codes for Ad-hoc Analysis in Data Lakes 2025 VLDB 4.2254157e-05
9,994 Text-to-SQL Benchmarks are Broken: An In-Depth Analysis of Annotation Errors 2026 CIDR 4.1905499e-05
10,047 AgentTune: An Agent-Based Large Language Model Framework for Database Knob Tuning 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,051 Are Your LLM-based Text-to-SQL Models Secure? Exploring SQL Injection via Backdoor Attacks 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,069 Drama: Unifying Data Retrieval and Analysis for Open-Domain Analytic Queries 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,099 PLForge: Enhancing Language Models for Natural Language to Procedural Extensions of SQL 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,108 Reliable Answers for Recurring Questions: Boosting Text-to-SQL Accuracy with Template Constrained Decoding 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,112 SEFRQO: A Self-Evolving Fine-Tuned RAG-Based Query Optimizer 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,155 DIVER: A Robust Text-to-SQL System with Dynamic Interactive Value Linking and Evidence Reasoning 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,194 PRISM: Navigating Cost–Accuracy Trade-offs for NL2SQL 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,221 NL2SQLBench: A Modular Benchmarking Framework for LLM-Enabled NL2SQL Solutions 2026 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,242 SQL-Exchange: Transforming SQL Queries Across Domains 2026 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,268 OpenSQL: Data-Efficient Text-to-SQL for Open-Source LLMs via Synthesized Intermediate Supervision 2026 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,278 LakeHelm: Zero-Shot Lakehouse Advisor for Joint Engine-Format Selection and Configuration 2026 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,332 ELT-Bench: An End-to-End Benchmark for Evaluating AI Agents on ELT Pipelines 2026 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,339 Pervasive Annotation Errors Break Text-to-SQL Benchmarks and Leaderboards 2026 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,443 DataDazzle: Intelligent Data Exploration through Natural Language 2025 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,507 PLM4NDV: Minimizing Data Access for Number of Distinct Values Estimation with Pre-trained Language Models 2025 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,512 Self-Enhancing Video Data Management System for Compositional Events with Large Language Models 2025 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,603 Optimized Batch Prompting for Cost-effective LLMs 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,628 LEAP: LLM-powered End-to-end Automatic Library for Processing Social Science Queries on Unstructured Data 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,636 CatDB: Data-catalog-guided, LLM-based Generation of Data-centric ML Pipelines 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,666 LLMLog: Advanced Log Template Generation via LLM-driven Multi-Round Annotation 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,701 Evoschema: Towards Text-To-Sql Robustness Against Schema Evolution 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,753 CEDAR: A System for Cost-Efficient Data-Driven Claim Verification 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,758 QUEST: Query Optimization in Unstructured Document Analysis 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,768 ParSEval: Plan-aware Test Database Generation for SQL Equivalence Evaluation 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,790 Towards Automated Cross-domain Exploratory Data Analysis through Large Language Models 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,841 Natural Language to SQL: State of the Art and Open Problems 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
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