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POLAR: Adaptive and Non-invasive Join Order Selection via Plans of Least Resistance

Summary: POLAR non-invasively augments left-deep pipelines with alternative join orders and regret-bounded tuple routing to self-select “plans of least resistance.” In DuckDB, it delivers up to 9× speedups with <7% overhead, outperforming prior AQP by 15×. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
13568
Venue
VLDB
Year
2024
Pagerank
5.4142129e-05
Overall Rank
8,494 | 41.73%
DOI
10.14778/3648160.3648175

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{justen_vldb24,
        title = {{POLAR: Adaptive and Non-invasive Join Order Selection via Plans of Least Resistance}},
        author = {Justen, David and Ritter, Daniel and Fraser, Campbell and Lamb, Andrew and Tran, Nga and Lee, Allison and Bodner, Thomas and Haddad, Mhd Yamen and Zeuch, Steffen and Markl, Volker and Boehm, Matthias},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '24},
        volume = {17},
        number = {6},
        pages = {1350--1363},
        doi = {10.14778/3648160.3648175},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3648160.3648175},
        year = {2024}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
5,529 Debunking the Myth of Join Ordering: Toward Robust SQL Analytics 2025 SIGMOD 6.18591e-05
9,465 Are Joins over LSM-trees Ready? Take RocksDB as an Example 2025 VLDB 5.2634238e-05
9,920 Still Asking: How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2025 VLDB 5.1955087e-05
10,291 SmartRabbit: An Interactive Query Processor 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 68 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0024089429
18 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059284255
25 NiagaraCQ: A Scalable Continuous Query System for Internet Databases 2000 SIGMOD 0.00054667018
34 The Design Of Postgres 1986 SIGMOD 0.00049302774
43 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046060254
53 Eddies: Continuously Adaptive Query Processing 2000 SIGMOD 0.00041071971
66 The Snowflake Elastic Data Warehouse 2016 SIGMOD 0.00038561587
84 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035838391
89 On the Propagation of Errors in the Size of Join Results 1991 SIGMOD 0.00035031529
100 LEO - DB2's LEarning Optimizer 2001 VLDB 0.00034385207
103 DuckDB: an Embeddable Analytical Database 2019 SIGMOD 0.00034161428
111 TelegraphCQ: Continuous Dataflow Processing for an Uncertain World 2003 CIDR 0.00032990214
127 The Design of the Borealis Stream Processing Engine 2005 CIDR 0.00030738755
151 Efficient Mid-Query Re-Optimization of Sub-Optimal Query Execution Plans 1998 SIGMOD 0.00029161879
154 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00028726181
159 CORDS: Automatic Discovery of Correlations and Soft Functional Dependencies 2004 SIGMOD 0.00028129426
222 Adaptive Selectivity Estimation Using Query Feedback 1994 SIGMOD 0.00024193708
237 Amazon Redshift and the Case for Simpler Data Warehouses 2015 SIGMOD 0.0002369895
361 The Dataflow Model: A Practical Approach to Balancing Correctness, Latency, and Cost in Massive-Scale, Unbounded, Out-of-Order Data Processing 2015 VLDB 0.00020138717
378 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00019638121
388 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00019410042
401 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019092557
492 Robust Query Processing through Progressive Optimization 2004 SIGMOD 0.0001756877
612 Twitter Heron: Stream Processing at Scale 2015 SIGMOD 0.0001573018
664 Exploiting Statistics on Query Expressions for Optimization 2002 SIGMOD 0.00015167825
671 Load Shedding in a Data Stream Manager 2003 VLDB 0.00015154516
689 On Synopses for Distinct-Value Estimation Under Multiset Operations 2007 SIGMOD 0.00014940023
697 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00014888851
786 Universality of Serial Histograms 1993 VLDB 0.00014053885
813 Adaptive Ordering of Pipelined Stream Filters 2004 SIGMOD 0.00013846487
829 Proactive Re-Optimization 2005 SIGMOD 0.00013769838
984 Analyzing Plan Diagrams of Database Query Optimizers 2005 VLDB 0.00012825643
1,013 Dynamic Programming Strikes Back 2008 SIGMOD 0.00012652549
1,224 Dhalion: Self-Regulating Stream Processing in Heron 2017 VLDB 0.00011596911
1,298 Analysis of Two Existing and One New Dynamic Programming Algorithm for the Generation of Optimal Bushy Join Trees without Cross Products 2006 VLDB 0.00011259156
1,604 The Picasso Database Query Optimizer Visualizer 2010 VLDB 0.00010230973
1,675 Garlic: A New Flavor of Federated Query Processing for DB2 2002 SIGMOD 0.00010035333
1,712 SkinnerDB: Regret-Bounded Query Evaluation via Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 9.9492299e-05
1,987 Plan Bouquets: Query Processing without Selectivity Estimation 2014 SIGMOD 9.3517129e-05
2,164 Opening the Black Boxes in Data Flow Optimization 2012 VLDB 9.0521951e-05
2,844 Zero-Shot Cost Models for Out-of-the-box Learned Cost Prediction 2022 VLDB 8.0608767e-05
2,997 Adapting to Source Properties in Processing Data Integration Queries 2004 SIGMOD 7.8745158e-05
3,062 Adaptive Query Processing on RAW Data 2014 VLDB 7.8037446e-05
3,195 Micro Adaptivity in Vectorwise 2013 SIGMOD 7.6481177e-05
3,506 Identifying Robust Plans through Plan Diagram Reduction 2008 VLDB 7.3581509e-05
3,726 Parallelizing Query Optimization 2008 VLDB 7.1697834e-05
3,988 Adaptive Query Processing in the Looking Glass 2005 CIDR 6.9720123e-05
4,223 Accelerating Queries with Group-By and Join by Groupjoin 2011 VLDB 6.8224393e-05
4,383 Content-Based Routing: Different Plans for Different Data 2005 VLDB 6.7329787e-05
4,468 One Model to Rule them All: Towards Zero-Shot Learning for Databases 2022 CIDR 6.6819041e-05
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