LPLM: A Neural Language Model for Cardinality Estimation of LIKE-Queries

Summary: LPLM is a neural language model for LIKE-pattern cardinality estimation, with a novel pattern language and distribution for in-between wildcards. A data-generation method trains it; it outperforms prior work on Q-error with similar runtime/memory. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 6925
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2024
Pagerank: 5.7826781e-05
Overall Rank: 6,760 | 53.63%
DOI: 10.1145/3639309

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Mehmet Aytimur (University of Konstanz)
2. Silvan Reiner (University of Konstanz)
3. Leonard Wörteler (University of Konstanz)
4. Theodoros Chondrogiannis (University of Konstanz)
5. Michael Grossniklaus (University of Konstanz)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{aytimur_sigmod24,
        title = {{LPLM: A Neural Language Model for Cardinality Estimation of LIKE-Queries}},
        author = {Aytimur, Mehmet and Reiner, Silvan and Wörteler, Leonard and Chondrogiannis, Theodoros and Grossniklaus, Michael},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '24},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3639309},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3639309},
        year = {2024}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 9 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
9,844	Cardinality Estimation of LIKE Predicate Queries using Deep Learning	2025	SIGMOD	5.2094602e-05
9,867	SPACE: Cardinality Estimation for Path Queries Using Cardinality-Aware Sequence-based Learning	2025	SIGMOD	5.2043672e-05
9,971	Athena: An Effective Learning-based Framework for Query Optimizer Performance Improvement	2025	SIGMOD	5.1845938e-05
10,097	SSCard: Substring Cardinality Estimation using Suffix Tree-Guided Learned FM-Index	2026	SIGMOD	5.1502319e-05
10,505	The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate	2026	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
10,508	Practical Parameterized Query Optimization via Efficient Plan Reuse and List-wise Ranking	2026	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
10,851	ACE: A Cardinality Estimator for Set-Valued Queries	2025	VLDB	5.093636e-05
10,986	PAR2QO: Parametric Penalty-Aware Robust Query Optimization	2025	VLDB	5.093636e-05
11,103	RankPQO: Learning-to-Rank for Parametric Query Optimization	2025	VLDB	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 21 of 21 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
1	Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System	1979	SIGMOD	0.0024089429
18	How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really?	2016	VLDB	0.00059284255
84	Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning	2019	CIDR	0.00035838391
89	On the Propagation of Errors in the Size of Join Results	1991	SIGMOD	0.00035031529
101	Selectivity Estimation Without the Attribute Value Independence Assumption	1997	VLDB	0.00034376651
154	Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer	2019	VLDB	0.00028726181
257	The History of Histograms (abridged)	2003	VLDB	0.00023154793
323	DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries!	2020	VLDB	0.00021264788
388	Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors	2009	VLDB	0.00019410042
737	Join Size Estimation Subject to Filter Conditions	2015	VLDB	0.00014490983
802	Random Sampling over Joins Revisited	2018	SIGMOD	0.00013907725
1,122	Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation	2022	VLDB	0.0001209124
1,140	Estimating Alphanumeric Selectivity in the Presence of Wildcards	1996	SIGMOD	0.0001200574
1,427	Substring Selectivity Estimation	1999	PODS	0.00010812749
1,536	Improved Selectivity Estimation by Combining Knowledge from Sampling and Synopses	2018	VLDB	0.00010460864
1,573	Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries	2020	SIGMOD	0.00010328171
2,899	Extending Q-Grams to Estimate Selectivity of String Matching with Low Edit Distance	2007	VLDB	7.97814e-05
3,545	Astrid: Accurate Selectivity Estimation for String Predicates using Deep Learning	2021	VLDB	7.3249967e-05
5,011	Monotonic Cardinality Estimation of Similarity Selection: A Deep Learning Approach	2020	SIGMOD	6.4020848e-05
7,268	Cardinality Estimation of Approximate Substring Queries using Deep Learning	2022	VLDB	5.6597123e-05
8,051	Wander Join: Online Aggregation for Joins	2016	SIGMOD	5.4997517e-05

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#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	5,712	Sample-Efficient Cardinality Estimation Using Geometric Deep Learning	2024	VLDB
2	9,867	SPACE: Cardinality Estimation for Path Queries Using Cardinality-Aware Sequence-based Learning	2025	SIGMOD
3	4,368	Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process	2022	SIGMOD
4	10,097	SSCard: Substring Cardinality Estimation using Suffix Tree-Guided Learned FM-Index	2026	SIGMOD
5	2,723	Learned Cardinality Estimation: A Design Space Exploration and A Comparative Evaluation	2022	VLDB
6	6,543	Speeding Up End-to-end Query Execution via Learning-based Progressive Cardinality Estimation	2023	SIGMOD
7	7,268	Cardinality Estimation of Approximate Substring Queries using Deep Learning	2022	VLDB
8	465	An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator	2020	VLDB
9	10,505	The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate	2026	SIGMOD
10	9,844	Cardinality Estimation of LIKE Predicate Queries using Deep Learning	2025	SIGMOD