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FPTree: A Hybrid SCM-DRAM Persistent and Concurrent B-Tree for Storage Class Memory

Summary: FPTree is a hybrid SCM-DRAM persistent B+-Tree with leaves in SCM and inner nodes in DRAM (rebuilt on recovery). It uses fingerprinting to cap in-leaf probes and a partial HTM-based concurrency scheme, delivering up to 8.2x speedups and 88-core scalability, with memcached/DB integration. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h60cd5f76dccfba5b
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2016
Pagerank
0.00017195543
Overall Rank
504 | 96.63%
DOI
10.1145/2882903.2915251

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{oukid_sigmod16,
        title = {{FPTree: A Hybrid SCM-DRAM Persistent and Concurrent B-Tree for Storage Class Memory}},
        author = {Oukid, Ismail and Lasperas, Johan and Nica, Anisoara and Willhalm, Thomas and Lehner, Wolfgang},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '16},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/2882903.2915251},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2882903.2915251},
        year = {2016}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 56 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
967 BzTree: A High-Performance Latch-free Range Index for Non-Volatile Memory 2018 VLDB 0.00012766144
1,288 Managing Non-Volatile Memory in Database Systems 2018 SIGMOD 0.00011172386
1,366 Dash: Scalable Hashing on Persistent Memory 2020 VLDB 0.00010879316
1,863 LB+-Trees: Optimizing Persistent Index Performance on 3DXPoint Memory 2020 VLDB 9.4679185e-05
2,288 DPTree: Differential Indexing for Persistent Memory 2020 VLDB 8.6817411e-05
2,516 Viper: An Efficient Hybrid PMem-DRAM Key-Value Store 2021 VLDB 8.3436817e-05
2,755 Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes 2020 VLDB 8.0383029e-05
2,870 APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 7.9033232e-05
3,011 Query Fresh: Log Shipping on Steroids 2018 VLDB 7.7421635e-05
3,505 How to Build a Non-Volatile Memory Database Management System 2017 SIGMOD 7.2290072e-05
3,663 Maximizing Persistent Memory Bandwidth Utilization for OLAP Workloads 2021 SIGMOD 7.1008953e-05
4,211 SAP HANA Adoption of Non-Volatile Memory 2017 VLDB 6.7203849e-05
4,461 Memory Management Techniques for Large-Scale Persistent-Main-Memory Systems 2017 VLDB 6.5752676e-05
4,534 Persistent Memory Hash Indexes: An Experimental Evaluation 2021 VLDB 6.5408712e-05
4,656 PLIN: A Persistent Learned Index for Non-Volatile Memory with High Performance and Instant Recovery 2023 VLDB 6.468994e-05
4,696 Enabling Low Tail Latency on Multicore Key-Value Stores 2020 VLDB 6.448377e-05
4,759 Rethinking Logging, Checkpoints, and Recovery for High-Performance Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 6.420498e-05
5,509 Plush: A Write-Optimized Persistent Log-Structured Hash-Table 2022 VLDB 6.0872396e-05
5,767 SSDs Striking Back: The Storage Jungle and Its Implications on Persistent Indexes 2022 CIDR 5.9834681e-05
5,914 HydraList: A Scalable In-Memory Index Using Asynchronous Updates and Partial Replication 2020 VLDB 5.9324967e-05
6,075 When Tree Meets Hash: Reducing Random Reads for Index Structures on Persistent Memories 2023 SIGMOD 5.8776022e-05
6,080 NBTree: a Lock-free PM-friendly Persistent B+-Tree for eADR-enabled PM Systems 2022 VLDB 5.8759147e-05
6,089 Halo: A Hybrid PMem-DRAM Persistent Hash Index with Fast Recovery 2022 SIGMOD 5.8731638e-05
6,249 Optimizing In-memory Database Engine for AI-powered On-line Decision Augmentation Using Persistent Memory 2021 VLDB 5.8190376e-05
6,332 Robust Performance of Main Memory Data Structures by Configuration 2020 SIGMOD 5.7934902e-05
6,513 Revisiting the Design of LSM-tree Based OLTP Storage Engine with Persistent Memory 2021 VLDB 5.7438448e-05
6,839 Zen: a High-Throughput Log-Free OLTP Engine for Non-Volatile Main Memory 2021 VLDB 5.6514035e-05
6,901 Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes: Part Two 2022 VLDB 5.6367813e-05
6,907 X-SSD: A Storage System with Native Support for Database Logging and Replication 2022 SIGMOD 5.6338283e-05
6,963 The Past, Present and Future of Indexing on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 5.6181098e-05
7,356 PetPS: Supporting Huge Embedding Models with Persistent Memory 2023 VLDB 5.5289288e-05
7,515 AHEAD: Adaptable Data Hardening for On-the-Fly Hardware Error Detection during Database Query Processing 2018 SIGMOD 5.4899436e-05
7,516 B^link-hash: An Adaptive Hybrid Index for In-Memory Time-Series Databases 2023 VLDB 5.4896042e-05
7,998 DecLog: Decentralized Logging in Non-Volatile Memory for Time Series Database Systems 2024 VLDB 5.3935211e-05
8,046 PiBench Online: Interactive Benchmarking of Persistent Memory Indexes 2020 VLDB 5.3849769e-05
8,264 Pea Hash: A Performant Extendible Adaptive Hashing Index 2023 SIGMOD 5.3501391e-05
8,668 OptiQL: Robust Optimistic Locking for Memory-Optimized Indexes 2023 SIGMOD 5.2757349e-05
8,686 Cost Modelling for Optimal Data Placement in Heterogeneous Main Memory 2022 VLDB 5.2730338e-05
9,021 Hamming Tree: The Case for Energy-Aware Indexing for NVMs 2023 SIGMOD 5.221992e-05
9,358 PerMA-Bench: Benchmarking Persistent Memory Access 2022 VLDB 5.1745153e-05
9,359 Tair-PMem: A Fully Durable Non-Volatile Memory Database 2022 VLDB 5.1745153e-05
9,558 Extending the Lifetime of NVM: Challenges and Opportunities 2021 VLDB 5.1478046e-05
9,585 B-Trees Are Back: Engineering Fast and Pageable Node Layouts 2025 SIGMOD 5.1406489e-05
9,595 H-Rocks: CPU-GPU accelerated Heterogeneous RocksDB on Persistent Memory 2025 SIGMOD 5.1376962e-05
9,725 FluidKV: Seamlessly Bridging the Gap between Indexing Performance and Memory-Footprint on Ultra-Fast Storage 2024 VLDB 5.1210873e-05
9,726 BonsaiKV: Towards Fast, Scalable, and Persistent Key-Value Stores with Tiered, Heterogeneous Memory System 2024 VLDB 5.1210873e-05
9,786 Data Structure Engineering For Byte-Addressable Non-Volatile Memory 2017 SIGMOD 5.115551e-05
10,491 ART That Lasts: Persistent Multiversion Adaptive Radix Trees with Fast Atomic Range Queries 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,506 Concurrent Path-Copying Update to Tree Structures 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,619 Analysis and Evaluation of Using Microsecond-Latency Memory for In-Memory Indices and Caches in SSD-Based Key-Value Stores 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

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