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HOT: A Height Optimized Trie Index for Main-Memory Database Systems

Summary: Height Optimized Trie (HOT) - in-memory index with per-node dynamic bit-width to maximize fanout and cache locality. Compact node layout and SIMD-accelerated search deliver superior string-key performance and smaller memory footprint vs. state-of-the-art indexes, with competitive integer-key results; a general-purpose main-memory index for DBs. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h6b6a65ad689fb31a
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2018
Pagerank
0.00013170142
Overall Rank
904 | 93.93%
DOI
10.1145/3183713.3196896

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{binna_sigmod18,
        title = {{HOT: A Height Optimized Trie Index for Main-Memory Database Systems}},
        author = {Binna, Robert and Zangerle, Eva and Pichl, Martin and Specht, Günther and Leis, Viktor},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '18},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3183713.3196896},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3183713.3196896},
        year = {2018}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 38 of 38 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
835 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00013575971
1,525 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 0.00010355133
1,694 Aria: A Fast and Practical Deterministic OLTP Database 2020 VLDB 9.8520416e-05
2,582 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 8.2641447e-05
2,861 APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 7.9295281e-05
3,198 CDFShop: Exploring and Optimizing Learned Index Structures 2020 SIGMOD 7.5422544e-05
3,711 CoroBase: Coroutine-Oriented Main-Memory Database Engine 2021 VLDB 7.0757906e-05
4,822 Epoch-based Commit and Replication in Distributed OLTP Databases 2021 VLDB 6.3931726e-05
4,890 Can Learned Models Replace Hash Functions? 2023 VLDB 6.3663299e-05
5,068 Spruce: A Fast yet Space-saving Structure for Dynamic Graph Storage 2024 SIGMOD 6.2872138e-05
5,388 Order-Preserving Key Compression for In-Memory Search Trees 2020 SIGMOD 6.1520776e-05
5,950 DEX: Scalable Range Indexing on Disaggregated Memory 2024 VLDB 5.934065e-05
6,070 When Tree Meets Hash: Reducing Random Reads for Index Structures on Persistent Memories 2023 SIGMOD 5.8940295e-05
6,321 Robust Performance of Main Memory Data Structures by Configuration 2020 SIGMOD 5.8126925e-05
6,882 Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes: Part Two 2022 VLDB 5.6554818e-05
7,029 BP-tree: Overcoming the Point-Range Operation Tradeoff for In-Memory B-trees 2023 VLDB 5.6152961e-05
7,082 LITS: An Optimized Learned Index for Strings 2024 VLDB 5.6010119e-05
7,297 Hyper: A High-Performance and Memory-Efficient Learned Index via Hybrid Construction 2024 SIGMOD 5.5609237e-05
7,498 B^link-hash: An Adaptive Hybrid Index for In-Memory Time-Series Databases 2023 VLDB 5.5078165e-05
8,138 Diva: Dynamic Range Filter for Var-Length Keys and Queries 2025 VLDB 5.3905556e-05
8,179 Hyperion: Building the Largest In-memory Search Tree 2019 SIGMOD 5.3816264e-05
8,249 Index Checkpoints for Instant Recovery in In-Memory Database Systems 2022 VLDB 5.3676383e-05
8,649 OptiQL: Robust Optimistic Locking for Memory-Optimized Indexes 2023 SIGMOD 5.2932376e-05
8,882 Why Are Learned Indexes So Effective but Sometimes Ineffective? 2025 VLDB 5.255795e-05
9,545 GIO: Generating Efficient Matrix and Frame Readers for Custom Data Formats by Example 2023 SIGMOD 5.1600923e-05
9,696 FluidKV: Seamlessly Bridging the Gap between Indexing Performance and Memory-Footprint on Ultra-Fast Storage 2024 VLDB 5.1380769e-05
9,715 Disco: A Compact Index for LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.1347559e-05
9,782 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.129066e-05
9,850 High-Ratio Compression for Machine-Generated Data 2023 SIGMOD 5.1198764e-05
10,034 LavaStore: ByteDance's Purpose-built, High-performance, Cost-effective Local Storage Engine for Cloud Services 2024 VLDB 5.0901047e-05
10,188 SWIX: A Memory-efficient Sliding Window Learned Index 2024 SIGMOD 5.0628015e-05
10,425 ART That Lasts: Persistent Multiversion Adaptive Radix Trees with Fast Atomic Range Queries 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,440 Concurrent Path-Copying Update to Tree Structures 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,737 SIDLE: Tree-structure Aware Indexes for CXL-based Heterogeneous Memory 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,073 LiBox: A Learned Index as an Array to Minimize Last-Mile Search 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,245 FB+-tree: A Memory-Optimized B+-tree with Latch-Free Update 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,915 DBMS Annihilator: A High-Performance Database Workload Generator in Action 2022 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
12,102 Dynamic Interleaving of Content and Structure for Robust Indexing of Semi-Structured Hierarchical Data 2020 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 10 of 10 cited papers.

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