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HOT: A Height Optimized Trie Index for Main-Memory Database Systems

Summary: Height Optimized Trie (HOT) - in-memory index with per-node dynamic bit-width to maximize fanout and cache locality. Compact node layout and SIMD-accelerated search deliver superior string-key performance and smaller memory footprint vs. state-of-the-art indexes, with competitive integer-key results; a general-purpose main-memory index for DBs. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h6b6a65ad689fb31a
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2018
Pagerank
0.00013158824
Overall Rank
907 | 93.91%
DOI
10.1145/3183713.3196896

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{binna_sigmod18,
        title = {{HOT: A Height Optimized Trie Index for Main-Memory Database Systems}},
        author = {Binna, Robert and Zangerle, Eva and Pichl, Martin and Specht, Günther and Leis, Viktor},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '18},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3183713.3196896},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3183713.3196896},
        year = {2018}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 38 of 38 citing papers.

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848 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00013506188
1,550 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 0.00010282449
1,693 Aria: A Fast and Practical Deterministic OLTP Database 2020 VLDB 9.8567076e-05
2,636 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 8.1941043e-05
2,866 APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 7.9258875e-05
3,206 CDFShop: Exploring and Optimizing Learned Index Structures 2020 SIGMOD 7.5397402e-05
3,709 CoroBase: Coroutine-Oriented Main-Memory Database Engine 2021 VLDB 7.0791362e-05
4,820 Epoch-based Commit and Replication in Distributed OLTP Databases 2021 VLDB 6.3962005e-05
4,890 Can Learned Models Replace Hash Functions? 2023 VLDB 6.3682031e-05
5,065 Spruce: A Fast yet Space-saving Structure for Dynamic Graph Storage 2024 SIGMOD 6.2901915e-05
5,397 Order-Preserving Key Compression for In-Memory Search Trees 2020 SIGMOD 6.1490013e-05
5,949 DEX: Scalable Range Indexing on Disaggregated Memory 2024 VLDB 5.9368754e-05
6,077 When Tree Meets Hash: Reducing Random Reads for Index Structures on Persistent Memories 2023 SIGMOD 5.893943e-05
6,317 Robust Performance of Main Memory Data Structures by Configuration 2020 SIGMOD 5.8154421e-05
6,877 Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes: Part Two 2022 VLDB 5.6581603e-05
7,325 BP-tree: Overcoming the Point-Range Operation Tradeoff for In-Memory B-trees 2023 VLDB 5.5522404e-05
7,372 LITS: An Optimized Learned Index for Strings 2024 VLDB 5.5403496e-05
7,535 Hyper: A High-Performance and Memory-Efficient Learned Index via Hybrid Construction 2024 SIGMOD 5.5003117e-05
7,816 B^link-hash: An Adaptive Hybrid Index for In-Memory Time-Series Databases 2023 VLDB 5.4481832e-05
8,132 Diva: Dynamic Range Filter for Var-Length Keys and Queries 2025 VLDB 5.3931086e-05
8,174 Hyperion: Building the Largest In-memory Search Tree 2019 SIGMOD 5.3839613e-05
8,243 Index Checkpoints for Instant Recovery in In-Memory Database Systems 2022 VLDB 5.3701805e-05
8,642 OptiQL: Robust Optimistic Locking for Memory-Optimized Indexes 2023 SIGMOD 5.2957446e-05
8,873 Why Are Learned Indexes So Effective but Sometimes Ineffective? 2025 VLDB 5.2582842e-05
9,549 GIO: Generating Efficient Matrix and Frame Readers for Custom Data Formats by Example 2023 SIGMOD 5.1599622e-05
9,690 FluidKV: Seamlessly Bridging the Gap between Indexing Performance and Memory-Footprint on Ultra-Fast Storage 2024 VLDB 5.1405104e-05
9,710 Disco: A Compact Index for LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.1371878e-05
9,777 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.1314952e-05
9,843 High-Ratio Compression for Machine-Generated Data 2023 SIGMOD 5.1223012e-05
10,029 LavaStore: ByteDance's Purpose-built, High-performance, Cost-effective Local Storage Engine for Cloud Services 2024 VLDB 5.0925155e-05
10,185 SWIX: A Memory-efficient Sliding Window Learned Index 2024 SIGMOD 5.0651993e-05
10,413 ART That Lasts: Persistent Multiversion Adaptive Radix Trees with Fast Atomic Range Queries 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
10,428 Concurrent Path-Copying Update to Tree Structures 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
10,727 SIDLE: Tree-structure Aware Indexes for CXL-based Heterogeneous Memory 2026 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,064 LiBox: A Learned Index as an Array to Minimize Last-Mile Search 2026 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,237 FB+-tree: A Memory-Optimized B+-tree with Latch-Free Update 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,909 DBMS Annihilator: A High-Performance Database Workload Generator in Action 2022 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
12,096 Dynamic Interleaving of Content and Structure for Robust Indexing of Semi-Structured Hierarchical Data 2020 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 10 of 10 cited papers.

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