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Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer

Summary: Neo (Neural Optimizer) uses deep neural networks to generate query execution plans, offering a learning-based alternative to hand-tuned optimizers. Bootstrapped from traditional optimizers, it learns from live queries, adapts to data patterns, is robust to estimation errors, and can match or surpass state-of-the-art engines. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hb5f47951a0efd824
Venue
VLDB
Year
2019
Pagerank
0.00029114937
Overall Rank
142 | 99.05%
DOI
10.14778/3342263.3342644
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{marcus_vldb19,
        title = {{Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer}},
        author = {Marcus, Ryan and Negi, Parimarjan and Mao, Hongzi and Zhang, Chi and Alizadeh, Mohammad and Kraska, Tim and Papaemmanouil, Olga and Tatbul, Nesime},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '19},
        volume = {12},
        number = {11},
        pages = {1705--1718},
        doi = {10.14778/3342263.3342644},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3342263.3342644},
        year = {2019}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 180 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7,388 Towards Foundation Database Models 2025 CIDR 5.5211011e-05
7,394 ADOPT: Adaptively Optimizing Attribute Orders for Worst-Case Optimal Join Algorithms via Reinforcement Learning 2023 VLDB 5.5202266e-05
7,432 POLAR: Adaptive and Non-invasive Join Order Selection via Plans of Least Resistance 2024 VLDB 5.5133928e-05
7,483 T3: Accurate and Fast Performance Prediction for Relational Database Systems With Compiled Decision Trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.5007125e-05
7,561 Learned Offline Query Planning via Bayesian Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 5.4784915e-05
7,621 SageDB: An Instance-Optimized Data Analytics System 2022 VLDB 5.4664683e-05
7,830 Machine Learning for Cloud Data Systems: the Progress so far and the Path Forward 2021 VLDB 5.4294933e-05
7,844 Bespoke OLAP: Synthesizing Workload-Specific One-size-fits-one Database Engines 2026 VLDB 5.4255843e-05
7,941 SlabCity: Whole-Query Optimization using Program Synthesis 2023 VLDB 5.4056478e-05
7,997 The Holon Approach for Simultaneously Tuning Multiple Components in a Self-Driving Database Management System with Machine Learning via Synthesized Proto-Actions 2024 VLDB 5.3938336e-05
8,050 NeurDB: On the Design and Implementation of an AI-powered Autonomous Database 2025 CIDR 5.3839177e-05
8,064 Efficiently Computing Join Orders with Heuristic Search 2023 SIGMOD 5.3813708e-05
8,154 Thrifty Query Execution via Incrementability 2020 SIGMOD 5.3732833e-05
8,188 Efficient Query Re-optimization with Judicious Subquery Selections 2023 SIGMOD 5.3649397e-05
8,274 The Case for NLP-Enhanced Database Tuning: Towards Tuning Tools that “Read the Manual” 2021 VLDB 5.3477381e-05
8,361 MONSOON: Multi-Step Optimization and Execution of Queries with Partially Obscured Predicates 2020 SIGMOD 5.3310744e-05
8,372 Towards Building Autonomous Data Services on Azure 2023 SIGMOD 5.3287108e-05
8,389 GenJoin: Conditional Generative Plan-to-Plan Query Optimizer that Learns from Subplan Hints 2026 SIGMOD 5.3250456e-05
8,419 The Case for Learned In-Memory Joins 2023 VLDB 5.3198816e-05
8,550 ROME: Robust Query Optimization via Parallel Multi-Plan Execution 2024 SIGMOD 5.3030089e-05
8,589 Robust and Budget-Constrained Encoding Configurations for In-Memory Database Systems 2022 VLDB 5.2937865e-05
8,657 LIMAO: A Framework for Lifelong Modular Learned Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 5.2790784e-05
8,902 Tiresias: Enabling Predictive Autonomous Storage and Indexing 2022 VLDB 5.2387388e-05
8,975 Machine Unlearning in Learned Databases: An Experimental Analysis 2024 SIGMOD 5.2343759e-05
8,989 Conformal Prediction for Verifiable Learned Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 5.2304457e-05
8,992 GEqO: ML-Accelerated Semantic Equivalence Detection 2023 SIGMOD 5.2295579e-05
9,011 Improving DBMS Scheduling Decisions with Accurate Performance Prediction on Concurrent Queries 2025 VLDB 5.2238303e-05
9,141 Presto’s History-based Query Optimizer 2024 VLDB 5.2078543e-05
9,143 Check Out the Big Brain on BRAD: Simplifying Cloud Data Processing with Learned Automated Data Meshes 2023 VLDB 5.2074327e-05
9,154 Hit the Gym: Accelerating Query Execution to Efficiently Bootstrap Behavior Models for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2024 VLDB 5.2050937e-05
9,182 Making Data Clouds Smarter at Keebo: Automated Warehouse Optimization using Data Learning 2023 SIGMOD 5.1985233e-05
9,236 BASE: Bridging the Gap between Cost and Latency for Query Optimization 2023 VLDB 5.1882723e-05
9,385 Automatic SQL Error Mitigation in Oracle 2023 VLDB 5.1697992e-05
9,394 Phoebe: A Learning-based Checkpoint Optimizer 2021 VLDB 5.1676892e-05
9,475 HyperBlocker: Accelerating Rule-based Blocking in Entity Resolution using GPUs 2025 VLDB 5.157794e-05
9,583 Athena: An Effective Learning-based Framework for Query Optimizer Performance Improvement 2025 SIGMOD 5.140977e-05
9,662 Low Rank Learning for Offline Query Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 5.1283524e-05
9,681 Are Joins over LSM-trees Ready? Take RocksDB as an Example 2025 VLDB 5.1258854e-05
9,829 Wii: Dynamic Budget Reallocation In Index Tuning 2024 SIGMOD 5.1066866e-05
9,995 Graph Transformers for Query Plan Representation: Potentials and Challenges 2025 VLDB 5.0845476e-05
10,017 The Image Calculator: 10x Faster Image-AI Inference by Replacing JPEG with Self-designing Storage Format 2024 SIGMOD 5.0825892e-05
10,109 veDB-HTAP: a Highly Integrated, Efficient and Adaptive HTAP System 2025 VLDB 5.0672857e-05
10,143 Still Asking: How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2025 VLDB 5.0597449e-05
10,181 How to Optimize SQL Queries? A Comparison Between Split, Holistic, and Hybrid Approaches 2025 VLDB 5.0550978e-05
10,206 PLATON: Top-down R-tree Packing with Learned Partition Policy 2023 SIGMOD 5.0491152e-05
10,249 Turbo-Charging SPJ Query Plans with Learned Physical Join Operator Selections 2022 VLDB 5.0412674e-05
10,258 DBMS Fitting: Why should we learn what we already know? 2020 CIDR 5.0391159e-05
10,320 AdaChain: A Learned Adaptive Blockchain 2023 VLDB 5.0258044e-05
10,370 An Elephant Under The Microscope: Analyzing The Interaction Of Optimizer Components In PostgreSQL 2025 SIGMOD 5.0010514e-05
10,392 E-LQO: A Comprehensive Energy Evaluation Framework for Learned Query Optimization 2027 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

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