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The Case for Learned In-Memory Joins

Summary: Explores CDF-based learned indexes (RMI, RadixSpline) for in-memory indexed nested-loop, sort, and hash joins. Optimized learned variants outperform state-of-the-art joins across diverse datasets and workloads. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
h027e04f168677235
Venue
VLDB
Year
2023
Pagerank
5.3198816e-05
Overall Rank
8,419 | 43.57%
DOI
10.14778/3587136.3587148
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{sabek_vldb23,
        title = {{The Case for Learned In-Memory Joins}},
        author = {Sabek, Ibrahim and Kraska, Tim},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '23},
        volume = {16},
        number = {7},
        pages = {1749--1762},
        doi = {10.14778/3587136.3587148},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3587136.3587148},
        year = {2023}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7,997 The Holon Approach for Simultaneously Tuning Multiple Components in a Self-Driving Database Management System with Machine Learning via Synthesized Proto-Actions 2024 VLDB 5.3938336e-05
9,681 Are Joins over LSM-trees Ready? Take RocksDB as an Example 2025 VLDB 5.1258854e-05
10,323 This is Going to Sound Crazy, But What If We Used Large Language Models to Boost Automatic Database Tuning Algorithms By Leveraging Prior History? We Will Find Better Configurations More Quickly Than Retraining From Scratch! 2026 SIGMOD 5.0241309e-05
10,335 DobLIX: A Dual-Objective Learned Index for Log-Structured Merge Trees 2025 VLDB 5.0225409e-05
11,600 SPID-Join: A Skew-resistant Processing-in-DIMM Join Algorithm Exploiting the Bank- and Rank-level Parallelisms of DIMMs 2024 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 35 of 35 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
15 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00061463175
27 Database Architecture Optimized for the New Bottleneck: Memory Access 1999 VLDB 0.0005146739
40 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046249672
84 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035920657
142 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00029114937
212 Sort vs. Hash Revisited: Fast Join Implementation on Modern Multi-Core CPUs 2009 VLDB 0.00024786576
250 Multi-Core, Main-Memory Joins: Sort vs. Hash Revisited 2014 VLDB 0.00023080446
355 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00020146245
360 Design and Evaluation of Main Memory Hash Join Algorithms for Multi-core CPUs 2011 SIGMOD 0.00019959166
375 Umbra: A Disk-Based System with In-Memory Performance 2020 CIDR 0.00019660459
423 Massively Parallel Sort-Merge Joins in Main Memory Multi-Core Database Systems 2012 VLDB 0.00018450254
427 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00018429918
461 The PGM-index: a fully-dynamic compressed learned index with provable worst-case bounds 2020 VLDB 0.00017835351
610 Relational Joins on Graphics Processors 2008 SIGMOD 0.00015540189
834 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00013539098
870 Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes 2020 SIGMOD 0.0001332034
997 What happens during a Join? Dissecting CPU and Memory Optimization Effects 2000 VLDB 0.00012595178
1,106 Buffering Accesses to Memory-Resident Index Structures 2003 VLDB 0.00011960288
1,132 Qd-tree: Learning Data Layouts for Big Data Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011873466
1,205 NUMA-aware algorithms: the case of data shuffling 2013 CIDR 0.00011512846
1,269 An Experimental Comparison of Thirteen Relational Equi-Joins in Main Memory 2016 SIGMOD 0.00011236561
1,529 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 0.00010320909
2,147 Quickstep: A Data Platform Based on the Scaling-Up Approach 2018 VLDB 8.9595129e-05
2,590 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 8.2368464e-05
2,681 Asynchronous Memory Access Chaining 2016 VLDB 8.1203826e-05
2,806 Distributed Join Algorithms on Thousands of Cores 2017 VLDB 7.9657254e-05
2,814 Exploiting Coroutines to Attack the "Killer Nanoseconds" 2018 VLDB 7.9550699e-05
2,827 To Partition, or Not to Partition, That is the Join Question in a Real System 2021 SIGMOD 7.9486247e-05
3,715 The Case for a Learned Sorting Algorithm 2020 SIGMOD 7.0549546e-05
4,797 LSched: A Workload-Aware Learned Query Scheduler for Analytical Database Systems 2022 SIGMOD 6.3978116e-05
4,915 Can Learned Models Replace Hash Functions? 2023 VLDB 6.3452789e-05
5,982 Towards instance-optimized data systems 2021 VLDB 5.9096991e-05
6,279 A Critical Analysis of Recursive Model Indexes 2022 VLDB 5.8090653e-05
7,931 Cache-Oblivious Query Processing 2007 CIDR 5.4076475e-05
10,161 Is FPGA Useful for Hash Joins? Exploring Hash Joins on Coupled CPU-FPGA Architecture 2020 CIDR 5.0590506e-05
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Semantically Similar Papers

# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
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2 4,915 Can Learned Models Replace Hash Functions? 2023 VLDB
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