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POLAR: Adaptive and Non-invasive Join Order Selection via Plans of Least Resistance

Summary: POLAR non-invasively augments left-deep pipelines with alternative join orders and regret-bounded tuple routing to self-select “plans of least resistance.” In DuckDB, it delivers up to 9× speedups with <7% overhead, outperforming prior AQP by 15×. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
hda8a4b4fc01dcf35
Venue
VLDB
Year
2024
Pagerank
5.5316834e-05
Overall Rank
7,413 | 50.18%
DOI
10.14778/3648160.3648175
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{justen_vldb24,
        title = {{POLAR: Adaptive and Non-invasive Join Order Selection via Plans of Least Resistance}},
        author = {Justen, David and Ritter, Daniel and Fraser, Campbell and Lamb, Andrew and Tran, Nga and Lee, Allison and Bodner, Thomas and Haddad, Mhd Yamen and Zeuch, Steffen and Markl, Volker and Boehm, Matthias},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '24},
        volume = {17},
        number = {6},
        pages = {1350--1363},
        doi = {10.14778/3648160.3648175},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3648160.3648175},
        year = {2024}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 68 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0023943337
15 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00061067652
25 NiagaraCQ: A Scalable Continuous Query System for Internet Databases 2000 SIGMOD 0.00053906051
34 The Design Of Postgres 1986 SIGMOD 0.00049129967
40 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046363107
52 The Snowflake Elastic Data Warehouse 2016 SIGMOD 0.00041210636
53 Eddies: Continuously Adaptive Query Processing 2000 SIGMOD 0.000408505
71 DuckDB: an Embeddable Analytical Database 2019 SIGMOD 0.00037724477
85 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035876108
91 On the Propagation of Errors in the Size of Join Results 1991 SIGMOD 0.00034748721
98 LEO - DB2's LEarning Optimizer 2001 VLDB 0.00034099838
112 TelegraphCQ: Continuous Dataflow Processing for an Uncertain World 2003 CIDR 0.00032445088
127 The Design of the Borealis Stream Processing Engine 2005 CIDR 0.00030414379
144 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00029090793
149 Efficient Mid-Query Re-Optimization of Sub-Optimal Query Execution Plans 1998 SIGMOD 0.00028977821
160 CORDS: Automatic Discovery of Correlations and Soft Functional Dependencies 2004 SIGMOD 0.00027827605
232 Adaptive Selectivity Estimation Using Query Feedback 1994 SIGMOD 0.0002378554
233 Amazon Redshift and the Case for Simpler Data Warehouses 2015 SIGMOD 0.00023774958
325 The Dataflow Model: A Practical Approach to Balancing Correctness, Latency, and Cost in Massive-Scale, Unbounded, Out-of-Order Data Processing 2015 VLDB 0.0002095522
361 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00020000855
386 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00019446558
406 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019050182
471 Robust Query Processing through Progressive Optimization 2004 SIGMOD 0.00017744392
606 Twitter Heron: Stream Processing at Scale 2015 SIGMOD 0.00015627966
644 Exploiting Statistics on Query Expressions for Optimization 2002 SIGMOD 0.00015209065
677 Load Shedding in a Data Stream Manager 2003 VLDB 0.0001484703
691 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00014737455
707 On Synopses for Distinct-Value Estimation Under Multiset Operations 2007 SIGMOD 0.00014633741
806 Universality of Serial Histograms 1993 VLDB 0.00013786471
827 Adaptive Ordering of Pipelined Stream Filters 2004 SIGMOD 0.00013629035
837 Proactive Re-Optimization 2005 SIGMOD 0.00013551072
883 Dynamic Programming Strikes Back 2008 SIGMOD 0.00013263866
995 Analyzing Plan Diagrams of Database Query Optimizers 2005 VLDB 0.00012629969
1,236 Dhalion: Self-Regulating Stream Processing in Heron 2017 VLDB 0.00011400483
1,301 Analysis of Two Existing and One New Dynamic Programming Algorithm for the Generation of Optimal Bushy Join Trees without Cross Products 2006 VLDB 0.00011107788
1,605 SkinnerDB: Regret-Bounded Query Evaluation via Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010095581
1,607 The Picasso Database Query Optimizer Visualizer 2010 VLDB 0.00010085995
1,686 Garlic: A New Flavor of Federated Query Processing for DB2 2002 SIGMOD 9.8662635e-05
1,989 Plan Bouquets: Query Processing without Selectivity Estimation 2014 SIGMOD 9.2469024e-05
2,197 Opening the Black Boxes in Data Flow Optimization 2012 VLDB 8.8740089e-05
2,879 Zero-Shot Cost Models for Out-of-the-box Learned Cost Prediction 2022 VLDB 7.9126862e-05
2,989 Adapting to Source Properties in Processing Data Integration Queries 2004 SIGMOD 7.7736772e-05
3,071 Adaptive Query Processing on RAW Data 2014 VLDB 7.6789108e-05
3,102 Micro Adaptivity in Vectorwise 2013 SIGMOD 7.6469535e-05
3,527 Identifying Robust Plans through Plan Diagram Reduction 2008 VLDB 7.2283486e-05
3,777 Parallelizing Query Optimization 2008 VLDB 7.0240115e-05
4,046 Adaptive Query Processing in the Looking Glass 2005 CIDR 6.8297725e-05
4,108 Content-Based Routing: Different Plans for Different Data 2005 VLDB 6.8000756e-05
4,209 Accelerating Queries with Group-By and Join by Groupjoin 2011 VLDB 6.7307652e-05
4,394 Bitvector-aware Query Optimization for Decision Support Queries 2020 SIGMOD 6.6182964e-05
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