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Sortledton: a Universal, Transactional Graph Data Structure

Summary: Sortledton: universal, transactional graph data structure for dynamic graphs, optimized for graph kernels. It handles millions of transactional updates per second and ~1.22x CSR-like throughput on common workloads, with a simpler design and 2.1x CSR memory footprint. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hbf50fd565ce80a23
Venue
VLDB
Year
2022
Pagerank
7.8039167e-05
Overall Rank
2,961 | 80.10%
DOI
10.14778/3514061.3514065
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{fuchs_vldb22,
        title = {{Sortledton: a Universal, Transactional Graph Data Structure}},
        author = {Fuchs, Per and Margan, Domagoj and Giceva, Jana},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '22},
        volume = {15},
        number = {6},
        pages = {1173--1186},
        doi = {10.14778/3514061.3514065},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3514061.3514065},
        year = {2022}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 20 of 20 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
5,068 Spruce: A Fast yet Space-saving Structure for Dynamic Graph Storage 2024 SIGMOD 6.2872138e-05
6,121 LSMGraph: A High-Performance Dynamic Graph Storage System with Multi-Level CSR 2024 SIGMOD 5.8779092e-05
8,334 Revisiting the Design of In-Memory Dynamic Graph Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.3514855e-05
8,591 Mammoths Are Slow: The Overlooked Transactions of Graph Data 2024 VLDB 5.3065663e-05
8,828 An Experimental Comparison of Tree-data Structures for Connectivity Queries on Fully-dynamic Undirected Graphs 2025 SIGMOD 5.2673158e-05
9,064 Aster: Enhancing LSM-structures for Scalable Graph Database 2025 SIGMOD 5.2270607e-05
9,065 BACH: Bridging Adjacency List and CSR Format using LSM-Trees for HGTAP Workloads 2025 VLDB 5.2270607e-05
9,691 GastCoCo: Graph Storage and Coroutine-Based Prefetch Co-Design for Dynamic Graph Processing 2024 VLDB 5.1397563e-05
9,809 RapidStore: An Efficient Dynamic Graph Storage System for Concurrent Queries 2025 VLDB 5.1233734e-05
9,963 Towards Sufficient GPU-accelerated Dynamic Graph Management: Survey and Experiment 2025 VLDB 5.1014161e-05
9,970 Dynamic Graph Databases with Out-of-order Updates 2024 VLDB 5.1014161e-05
10,082 GTX: A Write-Optimized Latch-free Graph Data System with Transactional Support 2025 SIGMOD 5.0806786e-05
10,233 TreeCat: Standalone Catalog Engine for Large Data Systems 2025 VLDB 5.0547568e-05
10,649 Enabling Efficient Direct Update on Rule-Based Compressed Graph 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,687 RadixGraph: A Fast, Space-Optimized Data Structure for Dynamic Graph Storage 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,815 TVA: A Version-aware Temporal Graph Storage System for Real-time Analytics 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,046 Future-Proof Data Systems 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,149 Catching up with Disorder: Dynamic Graphs with Out-of-Order Updates 2025 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
11,344 Shifting Transaction Isolation on Graphs: From Systems to Data 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,346 Efficient Graph Data Access for Out-of-Memory GPU Streaming Graph Processing 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 19 of 19 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
3 Pregel: A System for Large-Scale Graph Processing 2010 SIGMOD 0.0012087459
35 Hekaton: SQL Server’s Memory-Optimized OLTP Engine 2013 SIGMOD 0.00047996489
170 High-Performance Concurrency Control Mechanisms for Main-Memory Databases 2012 VLDB 0.00027054001
208 EmptyHeaded: A Relational Engine for Graph Processing 2016 SIGMOD 0.00024899872
228 Fast Serializable Multi-Version Concurrency Control for Main-Memory Database Systems 2015 SIGMOD 0.00023915456
236 LinkBench: a Database Benchmark Based on the Facebook Social Graph 2013 SIGMOD 0.00023664907
239 The Ubiquity of Large Graphs and Surprising Challenges of Graph Processing 2018 VLDB 0.00023499655
387 The LDBC Social Network Benchmark: Interactive Workload 2015 SIGMOD 0.00019417187
713 Optimizing Subgraph Queries by Combining Binary and Worst-Case Optimal Joins 2019 VLDB 0.00014571507
860 G-CORE: A Core for Future Graph Query Languages 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013401414
937 Real-time Constrained Cycle Detection in Large Dynamic Graphs 2018 VLDB 0.00012971451
1,281 LiveGraph: A Transactional Graph Storage System with Purely Sequential Adjacency List Scans 2020 VLDB 0.00011218311
1,292 From Theory to Practice: Efficient Join Query Evaluation in a Parallel Database System 2015 SIGMOD 0.00011147959
1,876 Real-Time Twitter Recommendation: Online Motif Detection in Large Dynamic Graphs 2014 VLDB 9.4535107e-05
2,032 Teseo and the Analysis of Structural Dynamic Graphs 2021 VLDB 9.1549024e-05
2,279 Design Principles for Scaling Multi-core OLTP Under High Contention 2016 SIGMOD 8.7047643e-05
2,519 Fractal: A General-Purpose Graph Pattern Mining System 2019 SIGMOD 8.3494241e-05
3,848 Terrace: A Hierarchical Graph Container for Skewed Dynamic Graphs 2021 SIGMOD 6.9798476e-05
4,177 GraphJet: Real-Time Content Recommendations at Twitter 2016 VLDB 6.7540362e-05
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