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A Study of Index Structures for Main Memory Database Management Systems

Summary: Explores index structures for main-memory DBMSs, prioritizing CPU-cycle efficiency and cache-friendly layouts over disk-oriented designs. Proposes the T Tree and benchmarks it against existing structures, showing competitive memory-resident performance. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
7949
Venue
VLDB
Year
1986
Pagerank
0.00024293529
Overall Rank
219 | 98.50%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{lehman_vldb86,
        title = {{A Study of Index Structures for Main Memory Database Management Systems}},
        author = {Lehman, Tobin J. and Carey, Michael J.},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '86},
        volume = {12},
        pages = {294--303},
        year = {1986}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 37 of 37 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
43 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046060254
67 Making B+-Trees Cache Conscious in Main Memory 2000 SIGMOD 0.00038461275
157 OLTP Through the Looking Glass, and What We Found There 2008 SIGMOD 0.0002863588
204 Cache Conscious Indexing for Decision-Support in Main Memory 1999 VLDB 0.00025342994
209 Sort vs. Hash Revisited: Fast Join Implementation on Modern Multi-Core CPUs 2009 VLDB 0.00024932174
278 FAST: Fast Architecture Sensitive Tree Search on Modern CPUs and GPUs 2010 SIGMOD 0.00022476841
545 Improving Index Performance through Prefetching 2001 SIGMOD 0.00016766463
1,347 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011073571
1,355 Query Processing in Main Memory Database Management Systems 1986 SIGMOD 0.0001105702
1,551 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 0.00010381398
1,567 Fractal Prefetching B+-Trees: Optimizing Both Cache and Disk Performance 2002 SIGMOD 0.00010343873
1,616 The Data Calculator*: Data Structure Design and Cost Synthesis from First Principles and Learned Cost Models 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010213691
1,710 Cache-Conscious Concurrency Control of Main-Memory Indexes on Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Systems 2001 VLDB 9.9537123e-05
1,813 Main-Memory Index Structures with Fixed-Size Partial Keys 2001 SIGMOD 9.6941032e-05
2,116 A Recovery Algorithm for A High-Performance Memory-Resident Database System 1987 SIGMOD 9.1439163e-05
2,213 Designing Succinct Secondary Indexing Mechanism by Exploiting Column Correlations 2019 SIGMOD 8.9410226e-05
2,267 In-Memory Performance for Big Data 2015 VLDB 8.8388928e-05
2,278 BATON: A Balanced Tree Structure for Peer-to-Peer Networks 2005 VLDB 8.8160706e-05
2,390 Streaming Similarity Search over one Billion Tweets using Parallel Locality-Sensitive Hashing 2013 VLDB 8.6438351e-05
2,494 Supporting Flat Relations by a Nested Relational Kernel 1987 VLDB 8.5053229e-05
3,189 Locking and Latching in a Memory-Resident Database System 1992 VLDB 7.6543667e-05
3,378 A Hybrid B+-tree as Solution for In-Memory Indexing on CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Platforms 2016 SIGMOD 7.4587887e-05
3,729 CARMI: A Cache-Aware Learned Index with a Cost-based Construction Algorithm 2022 VLDB 7.1683974e-05
3,776 Fault-tolerant Stream Processing using a Distributed, Replicated File System 2008 VLDB 7.1347542e-05
3,965 In-Memory Data Management for Consumer Transactions: The TimesTen Approach 1999 SIGMOD 6.9848471e-05
5,285 Order-Preserving Key Compression for In-Memory Search Trees 2020 SIGMOD 6.2821588e-05
5,495 Efficient Main Memory Data Management Using the DBGraph Storage Model 1990 VLDB 6.1987657e-05
5,809 Logical and Physical Versioning in Main Memory Databases 1997 VLDB 6.0801663e-05
6,012 Parallel Index-based Stream Join on a Multicore CPU 2020 SIGMOD 6.0102675e-05
6,748 The Effect Of Large Main Memory On Database Systems 1986 SIGMOD 5.7844786e-05
8,082 Pea Hash: A Performant Extendible Adaptive Hashing Index 2023 SIGMOD 5.4915503e-05
8,202 Cubrick: Indexing Millions of Records per Second for Interactive Analytics 2016 VLDB 5.4672903e-05
10,682 VEGA: An Active-tuning Learned Index with Group-Wise Learning Granularity 2025 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,829 FB+-tree: A Memory-Optimized B+-tree with Latch-Free Update 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,605 Towards Efficient Main-Memory Use For Optimum Tree Index Update 2008 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,929 Xmas: An Extensible Main-Memory Storage System for High-Performance Applications 1998 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
13,087 Fast Search In Main Memory Databases 1992 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
7 Implementation Techniques For Main Memory Database Systems 1984 SIGMOD 0.00083340894
1,355 Query Processing in Main Memory Database Management Systems 1986 SIGMOD 0.0001105702
2,361 Cascade Hashing 1984 VLDB 8.6919996e-05
2,758 Unified Dynamic Hashing 1984 VLDB 8.1596933e-05
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