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Reducing the Storage Overhead of Main-Memory OLTP Databases with Hybrid Indexes

Summary: Two-stage hybrid index for main-memory OLTP: a small ingest-first stage, with periodic migration to a compact, read-optimized second stage. DST shows how to convert any order-preserving index into a hybrid index; applied to four structures, achieving up to 70% memory reduction with comparable throughput. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
5311
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2016
Pagerank
0.00012934147
Overall Rank
964 | 93.39%
DOI
10.1145/2882903.2915222

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{zhang_sigmod16,
        title = {{Reducing the Storage Overhead of Main-Memory OLTP Databases with Hybrid Indexes}},
        author = {Zhang, Huanchen and Kaminsky, Michael and Andersen, David G. and Ma, Lin and Shen, Rui and Pavlo, Andrew},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '16},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/2882903.2915222},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2882903.2915222},
        year = {2016}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 39 of 39 citing papers.

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43 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046060254
790 FITing-Tree: A Data-aware Index Structure 2019 SIGMOD 0.0001401445
880 SuRF: Practical Range Query Filtering with Fast Succinct Tries 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013432693
882 HOT: A Height Optimized Trie Index for Main-Memory Database Systems 2018 SIGMOD 0.0001342403
1,342 Designing Distributed Tree-based Index Structures for Fast RDMA-capable Networks 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011098147
1,368 Dash: Scalable Hashing on Persistent Memory 2020 VLDB 0.00011003184
1,390 Building a Bw-Tree Takes More Than Just Buzz Words 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010942775
1,481 Magic mirror in my hand, which is the best in the land? An Experimental Evaluation of Index Selection Algorithms 2020 VLDB 0.00010644613
2,213 Designing Succinct Secondary Indexing Mechanism by Exploiting Column Correlations 2019 SIGMOD 8.9410226e-05
2,233 FINEdex: A Fine-grained Learned Index Scheme for Scalable and Concurrent Memory Systems 2022 VLDB 8.8968964e-05
2,246 DPTree: Differential Indexing for Persistent Memory 2020 VLDB 8.8734154e-05
2,707 Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes 2020 VLDB 8.2279594e-05
2,806 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 8.1013097e-05
2,910 APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 7.9700885e-05
3,598 Access Path Selection in Main-Memory Optimized Data Systems: Should I Scan or Should I Probe? 2017 SIGMOD 7.2718988e-05
3,729 CARMI: A Cache-Aware Learned Index with a Cost-based Construction Algorithm 2022 VLDB 7.1683974e-05
5,285 Order-Preserving Key Compression for In-Memory Search Trees 2020 SIGMOD 6.2821588e-05
5,447 FILM: a Fully Learned Index for Larger-than-Memory Databases 2023 VLDB 6.2149491e-05
5,611 Fast Algorithms for Denial Constraint Discovery 2023 VLDB 6.1504635e-05
5,954 When Tree Meets Hash: Reducing Random Reads for Index Structures on Persistent Memories 2023 SIGMOD 6.0292226e-05
6,498 LeanStore: A High-Performance Storage Engine for NVMe SSDs 2024 VLDB 5.861854e-05
6,687 Making In-Memory Learned Indexes Efficient on Disk 2024 SIGMOD 5.8022308e-05
6,859 Zen: a High-Throughput Log-Free OLTP Engine for Non-Volatile Main Memory 2021 VLDB 5.7520461e-05
6,874 SALI: A Scalable Adaptive Learned Index Framework based on Probability Models 2023 SIGMOD 5.7489487e-05
6,878 SepHash: A Write-Optimized Hash Index On Disaggregated Memory via Separate Segment Structure 2024 VLDB 5.7480267e-05
7,012 Adaptive Hybrid Indexes 2022 SIGMOD 5.7262686e-05
7,189 BP-tree: Overcoming the Point-Range Operation Tradeoff for In-Memory B-trees 2023 VLDB 5.6775326e-05
8,015 Hyperion: Building the Largest In-memory Search Tree 2019 SIGMOD 5.5071737e-05
8,016 Two is Better Than One: The Case for 2-Tree for Skewed Data Sets 2023 CIDR 5.5070057e-05
8,249 Femur: A Flexible Framework for Fast and Secure Querying from Public Key-Value Store 2025 SIGMOD 5.4574671e-05
8,255 B^link-hash: An Adaptive Hybrid Index for In-Memory Time-Series Databases 2023 VLDB 5.4574671e-05
8,410 Robust and Budget-Constrained Encoding Configurations for In-Memory Database Systems 2022 VLDB 5.4309397e-05
9,599 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.2492748e-05
10,105 SCompression: Enhancing Database Knob Tuning Efficiency Through Slice-Based OLTP Workload Compression 2025 VLDB 5.1435736e-05
10,545 SIDLE: Tree-structure Aware Indexes for CXL-based Heterogeneous Memory 2026 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,682 VEGA: An Active-tuning Learned Index with Group-Wise Learning Granularity 2025 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,829 FB+-tree: A Memory-Optimized B+-tree with Latch-Free Update 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,246 Blitzcrank: Fast Semantic Compression for In-memory Online Transaction Processing 2024 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,878 HERMIT in Action: Succinct Secondary Indexing Mechanism via Correlation Exploration 2019 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 16 of 16 cited papers.

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