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BaCon: Efficient Batch Processing of Counting Queries

Summary: BaCon batch-evaluates counting queries without modifying DBMS internals, combining factorized representations with workload-aware domain quantization to avoid massive join materialization. A PostgreSQL client/UDF achieves 2–178× speedups, making learned cardinality-estimator training practical. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Aug 17 2026)

Paper ID
h1bf68c206d8efa1d
Venue
VLDB
Year
2026
Pagerank
4.9769913e-05
Overall Rank
10,812 | 27.34%
DOI
10.14778/3819518.3819567
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

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Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{liu_vldb26,
        title = {{BaCon: Efficient Batch Processing of Counting Queries}},
        author = {Liu, Yuxi and Hu, Xiao and Agarwal, Pankaj K. and Yang, Jun},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '26},
        volume = {19},
        number = {9},
        pages = {2508--2521},
        doi = {10.14778/3819518.3819567},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3819518.3819567},
        year = {2026}
}

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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 39 of 39 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0023943337
15 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00061067652
23 Spark SQL: Relational Data Processing in Spark 2015 SIGMOD 0.00055384955
73 Including Group-By in Query Optimization 1994 VLDB 0.0003750677
85 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035876108
144 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00029090793
208 EmptyHeaded: A Relational Engine for Graph Processing 2016 SIGMOD 0.00024899872
213 Eager Aggregation and Lazy Aggregation 1995 VLDB 0.00024753576
361 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00020000855
691 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00014737455
713 Optimizing Subgraph Queries by Combining Binary and Worst-Case Optimal Joins 2019 VLDB 0.00014571507
849 Aggregation and Ordering in Factorised Databases 2013 VLDB 0.00013498306
981 Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation 2022 VLDB 0.00012713454
1,132 Efficient Exploitation of Similar Subexpressions for Query Processing 2007 SIGMOD 0.00011893781
1,155 QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011777046
1,515 DSB: A Decision Support Benchmark for Workload-Driven and Traditional Database Systems 2021 VLDB 0.00010418766
1,596 Adopting Worst-Case Optimal Joins in Relational Database Systems 2020 VLDB 0.00010122962
1,735 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 9.7566604e-05
2,225 Shared Workload Optimization 2014 VLDB 8.8062552e-05
2,293 FDB: A Query Engine for Factorised Relational Databases 2012 VLDB 8.685044e-05
2,583 Fauce: Fast and Accurate Deep Ensembles with Uncertainty for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 8.2589842e-05
2,663 A Layered Aggregate Engine for Analytics Workloads 2019 SIGMOD 8.1542952e-05
3,053 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 7.7041081e-05
3,327 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 7.4233639e-05
4,191 Kepler: Robust Learning for Faster Parametric Query Optimization 2023 SIGMOD 6.7425275e-05
4,299 ALECE: An Attention-based Learned Cardinality Estimator for SPJ Queries on Dynamic Workloads 2024 VLDB 6.6766173e-05
4,559 Warper: Efficiently Adapting Learned Cardinality Estimators to Data and Workload Drifts 2022 SIGMOD 6.5324275e-05
4,854 LpBound: Pessimistic Cardinality Estimation using ℓp-Norms of Degree Sequences 2025 SIGMOD 6.3775929e-05
5,013 Free Join: Unifying Worst-Case Optimal and Traditional Joins 2023 SIGMOD 6.3119508e-05
5,630 Sample-Efficient Cardinality Estimation Using Geometric Deep Learning 2024 VLDB 6.056758e-05
5,715 Detect, Distill and Update: Learned DB Systems Facing Out of Distribution Data 2023 SIGMOD 6.0178585e-05
5,850 Modeling Shifting Workloads for Learned Database Systems 2024 SIGMOD 5.9697921e-05
6,111 On the Complexity of Generating Optimal Plans with Cross Products (extended abstract) 1997 PODS 5.8815204e-05
6,576 Output-Optimal Algorithms for Join-Aggregate Queries 2025 PODS 5.7428578e-05
7,334 Selectivity Functions of Range Queries are Learnable* 2022 SIGMOD 5.5473714e-05
7,572 Convolution and Cross-Correlation of Count Sketches Enables Fast Cardinality Estimation of Multi-Join Queries 2024 SIGMOD 5.492682e-05
7,922 Avoiding Materialisation for Guarded Aggregate Queries 2025 VLDB 5.4250308e-05
9,723 A Practical Theory of Generalization in Selectivity Learning 2025 VLDB 5.1329654e-05
10,300 Data-Agnostic Cardinality Learning from Imperfect Workloads 2025 VLDB 5.0407989e-05
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