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Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine

Summary: Lethe introduces a delete-aware LSM engine with a compact metadata footprint and a data layout that interleaves sort and delete keys. It supports tunable tombstone propagation, range deletes on a secondary delete key, yielding higher read throughput and lower space amplification at modest write cost. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h5aecedcdc058c007
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2020
Pagerank
8.0114055e-05
Overall Rank
2,788 | 81.27%
DOI
10.1145/3318464.3389757

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{sarkar_sigmod20,
        title = {{Lethe: A Tunable Delete-Aware LSM Engine}},
        author = {Sarkar, Subhadeep and Papon, Tarikul Islam and Staratzis, Dimitris and Athanassoulis, Manos},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '20},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3318464.3389757},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3318464.3389757},
        year = {2020}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 27 of 27 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,982 Chucky: A Succinct Cuckoo Filter for LSM-Tree 2021 SIGMOD 9.2570284e-05
2,771 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 8.0338932e-05
2,868 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 7.9205462e-05
3,480 Cosine: A Cloud-Cost Optimized Self-Designing Key-Value Storage Engine 2022 VLDB 7.2661848e-05
3,672 Leaper: A Learned Prefetcher for Cache Invalidation in LSM-tree based Storage Engines 2020 VLDB 7.1084283e-05
4,039 HedgeCut: Maintaining Randomised Trees for Low-Latency Machine Unlearning 2021 SIGMOD 6.835801e-05
5,022 Breaking Down Memory Walls: Adaptive Memory Management in LSM-based Storage Systems 2021 VLDB 6.309271e-05
5,041 Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores 2022 SIGMOD 6.2998284e-05
5,250 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 6.2092552e-05
5,879 Compactionary: A Dictionary for LSM Compactions 2022 SIGMOD 5.9587188e-05
6,123 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD 5.8771312e-05
6,622 CAVE: Concurrency-Aware Graph Processing on SSDs 2024 SIGMOD 5.7300723e-05
7,909 CAMAL: Optimizing LSM-trees via Active Learning 2024 SIGMOD 5.4266123e-05
8,228 ArceKV: Towards Workload-driven LSM-compactions for Key-Value Store Under Dynamic Workloads 2026 VLDB 5.3734043e-05
8,326 How to Grow an LSM-tree? Towards Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice 2025 SIGMOD 5.3522236e-05
8,538 SA-LSM: Optimize Data Layout for LSM-tree Based Storage using Survival Analysis 2022 VLDB 5.3197798e-05
8,619 Limousine: Blending Learned and Classical Indexes to Self-Design Larger-than-Memory Cloud Storage Engines 2024 SIGMOD 5.3001199e-05
8,647 Mnemosyne: Dynamic Workload-Aware BF Tuning via Accurate Statistics in LSM trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.2947307e-05
9,064 Aster: Enhancing LSM-structures for Scalable Graph Database 2025 SIGMOD 5.2270607e-05
9,140 Rethinking The Compaction Policies in LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 5.2208299e-05
9,191 Structural Designs Meet Optimality: Exploring Optimized LSM-tree Structures in A Colossal Configuration Space 2024 SIGMOD 5.20942e-05
9,310 Rethink Query Optimization in HTAP Databases 2023 SIGMOD 5.1963298e-05
9,786 NEXT: A New Secondary Index Framework for LSM-based Data Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.1280785e-05
10,240 MaLT: A Framework for Managing Large Transactions in OceanBase 2025 SIGMOD 5.0524002e-05
10,367 A Multi-tenant Relational OLTP Database at Salesforce 2026 CIDR 4.9769913e-05
11,324 Meaningful Data Erasure in the Presence of Dependencies 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,592 On Reducing Space Amplification with Multi-Column Compaction in Apache IoTDB 2024 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 24 of 24 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
12 C-Store: A Column-oriented DBMS 2005 VLDB 0.0006897844
52 The Snowflake Elastic Data Warehouse 2016 SIGMOD 0.00041210636
178 The Vertica Analytic Database: C-Store 7 Years Later 2012 VLDB 0.00026620521
258 bLSM: A General Purpose Log Structured Merge Tree 2012 SIGMOD 0.00022932099
325 The Dataflow Model: A Practical Approach to Balancing Correctness, Latency, and Cost in Massive-Scale, Unbounded, Out-of-Order Data Processing 2015 VLDB 0.0002095522
400 Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store 2017 SIGMOD 0.00019124757
436 Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB 2017 CIDR 0.00018312911
513 Tree Indexing on Solid State Drives 2010 VLDB 0.00017040424
606 Twitter Heron: Stream Processing at Scale 2015 SIGMOD 0.00015627966
673 The TileDB Array Data Storage Manager 2017 VLDB 0.00014891415
753 Dostoevsky: Better Space-Time Trade-Offs for LSM-Tree Based Key-Value Stores via Adaptive Removal of Superfluous Merging 2018 SIGMOD 0.00014232329
889 SuRF: Practical Range Query Filtering with Fast Succinct Tries 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013243846
1,200 Bridging the Archipelago between Row-Stores and Column-Stores for Hybrid Workloads 2016 SIGMOD 0.00011559584
1,313 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011055196
1,321 Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing: A Survey 2017 SIGMOD 0.00011038031
1,380 H2O: A Hands-free Adaptive Store 2014 SIGMOD 0.00010858313
1,422 The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010720711
1,506 BF-Tree: Approximate Tree Indexing 2014 VLDB 0.00010448376
1,631 Positional Update Handling in Column Stores 2010 SIGMOD 0.00010019069
2,235 Efficiently Searching In-Memory Sorted Arrays: Revenge of the Interpolation Search? 2019 SIGMOD 8.787006e-05
3,934 The Case For Heterogeneous HTAP 2017 CIDR 6.9145781e-05
5,640 MaSM: Efficient Online Updates in Data Warehouses 2011 SIGMOD 6.0541838e-05
6,571 Big Data Space Fungus 2015 CIDR 5.7438762e-05
9,612 Efficient Bulk Deletes for Multi Dimensional Clustered Tables in DB2 2007 VLDB 5.1511523e-05
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