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Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation

Summary: Comprehensive real-DBMS benchmark of cardinality estimators, integrating representative methods into PostgreSQL over STATS/STATS-CEB. Shows Q-Error poorly predicts plan quality and introduces P-Error, an end-to-end metric aligned with optimizer performance. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
h935c03f6a9a3f706
Venue
VLDB
Year
2022
Pagerank
0.00012677179
Overall Rank
983 | 93.42%
DOI
10.14778/3503585.3503586
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{han_vldb22,
        title = {{Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation}},
        author = {Han, Yuxing and Wu, Ziniu and Wu, Peizhi and Zhu, Rong and Yang, Jingyi and Tan, Liang Wei and Zeng, Kai and Cong, Gao and Qin, Yanzhao and Pfadler, Andreas and Qian, Zhengping and Zhou, Jingren and Li, Jiangneng and Cui, Bin},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '22},
        volume = {15},
        number = {4},
        pages = {752--765},
        doi = {10.14778/3503585.3503586},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3503585.3503586},
        year = {2022}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 30 of 80 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,327 Data-Agnostic Cardinality Learning from Imperfect Workloads 2025 VLDB 5.0241309e-05
10,328 VIDEX: A Disaggregated and Extensible Virtual Index for the Cloud and AI Era 2025 VLDB 5.0241309e-05
10,358 WoW: A Window-to-Window Incremental Index for Range-Filtering Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 SIGMOD 5.0156513e-05
10,370 An Elephant Under The Microscope: Analyzing The Interaction Of Optimizer Components In PostgreSQL 2025 SIGMOD 5.0010514e-05
10,490 Are Learned DBMS Components Robust to Workload Drift?: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,561 NeurBench: A Benchmark Suite for Learned Database Components with Drift Modeling: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,585 Succinct Structure Representations for Efficient Query Optimization 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,676 Understanding and Detecting Query Performance Regression in Practical Index Tuning: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,699 CorrBound: Cardinality Estimation Accounting for Inter- and Intra-relation Correlations 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,705 Divo: Learning a Stable and Effective Query Optimizer with a Diverse Workload 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,751 Reqo: A Comprehensive Learning-Based Cost Model for Robust and Explainable Query Optimization 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,762 The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,764 Practical Parameterized Query Optimization via Efficient Plan Reuse and List-wise Ranking 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,873 BaCon: Efficient Batch Processing of Counting Queries 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,903 ReSequel: Robust LLM-assisted Query Rewriting and Optimization using Templatization and Sampling 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,966 Benchmarking the Full Pipeline of Materialized-View-Based Query Rewriting 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,970 ANNiE: A Learned Query Cost Estimator for Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,994 TATA: An Efficient Framework for Task Transfer in Query Plan Representation 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,008 Towards Industrial-Scale Parametric Query Optimization 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,025 How Out-of-Bounds Are Your Cardinality Estimates? 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,041 Verified LLM-Based Query Rewriting for Microsoft SQL Server 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,085 Vodka: Rethink Benchmarking Philosophy in HTAP Systems 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,281 SPECIAL: SynoPsis AssistEd Secure CollaboratIve AnaLytics 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,321 ACE: A Cardinality Estimator for Set-Valued Queries 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,350 AQETuner: Reliable Query-level Configuration Tuning for Analytical Query Engines 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,394 The Accuracy of Cardinality Estimators: Unraveling the Evaluation Result Conundrum 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,414 Privacy-Enhanced Database Synthesis for Benchmark Publishing 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,511 RankPQO: Learning-to-Rank for Parametric Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
11,564 Sub-optimal Join Order Identification with L1-error 2024 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
11,591 Enabling Adaptive Sampling for Intra-Window Join: Simultaneously Optimizing Quantity and Quality 2024 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 35 of 35 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0023948467
15 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00061463175
84 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035920657
98 LEO - DB2's LEarning Optimizer 2001 VLDB 0.00034050614
103 Selectivity Estimation Without the Attribute Value Independence Assumption 1997 VLDB 0.00033847446
287 Selectivity Estimation using Probabilistic Models 2001 SIGMOD 0.00022060616
320 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00021128745
372 STHoles: A Multidimensional Workload-Aware Histogram 2001 SIGMOD 0.00019768921
381 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00019497061
405 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019020138
453 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001801482
508 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00017108973
594 Wander Join: Online Aggregation via Random Walks 2016 SIGMOD 0.00015814493
689 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.00014725904
690 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00014703258
701 Independence is Good: Dependency-Based Histogram Synopses for High-Dimensional Data 2001 SIGMOD 0.0001464136
793 Random Sampling over Joins Revisited 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013903938
868 Approximating Multi-Dimensional Aggregate Range Queries Over Real Attributes 2000 SIGMOD 0.00013336675
1,061 Lightweight Graphical Models for Selectivity Estimation Without Independence Assumptions 2011 VLDB 0.00012207625
1,064 Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation? 2021 VLDB 0.00012181459
1,436 Towards a Learning Optimizer for Shared Clouds 2019 VLDB 0.00010658836
1,444 Pessimistic Cardinality Estimation: Tighter Upper Bounds for Intermediate Join Cardinalities 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010616242
1,511 Self-Tuning, GPU-Accelerated Kernel Density Models for Multidimensional Selectivity Estimation 2015 SIGMOD 0.00010408003
1,583 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010148362
1,740 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 9.7289523e-05
2,009 FLAT: Fast, Lightweight and Accurate Method for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 9.1813272e-05
2,228 Estimating Join Selectivities using Bandwidth-Optimized Kernel Density Models 2017 VLDB 8.7912743e-05
2,829 G-CARE: A Framework for Performance Benchmarking of Cardinality Estimation Techniques for Subgraph Matching 2020 SIGMOD 7.9469964e-05
3,060 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 7.6828463e-05
3,361 Exact Cardinality Query Optimization for Optimizer Testing 2009 VLDB 7.3621595e-05
3,555 Astrid: Accurate Selectivity Estimation for String Predicates using Deep Learning 2021 VLDB 7.1877332e-05
4,661 Efficient Join Synopsis Maintenance for Data Warehouse 2020 SIGMOD 6.4656621e-05
5,223 Exact Cardinality Query Optimization with Bounded Execution Cost 2019 SIGMOD 6.210331e-05
6,402 A Unified Transferable Model for ML-Enhanced DBMS 2022 CIDR 5.7800842e-05
8,517 SPRINTER: A Fast n-ary Join Query Processing Method for Complex OLAP Queries 2020 SIGMOD 5.3110227e-05
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