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DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries!

Summary: Data-driven learned DBMS components bypass workload-driven training, enabling changes in workload or data without retraining. Empirically higher accuracy and better generalization to unseen queries than state-of-the-art learned components. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hf8b0937cfe72c663
Venue
VLDB
Year
2020
Pagerank
0.00021128745
Overall Rank
320 | 97.86%
DOI
10.14778/3384345.3384349
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{hilprecht_vldb20,
        title = {{DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries!}},
        author = {Hilprecht, Benjamin and Schmidt, Andreas and Kulessa, Moritz and Molina, Alejandro and Kersting, Kristian and Binnig, Carsten},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '20},
        volume = {13},
        number = {7},
        pages = {992--1005},
        doi = {10.14778/3384345.3384349},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3384345.3384349},
        year = {2020}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 124 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
508 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00017108973
983 Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation 2022 VLDB 0.00012677179
1,064 Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation? 2021 VLDB 0.00012181459
1,175 Balsa: Learning a Query Optimizer Without Expert Demonstrations 2022 SIGMOD 0.00011630532
1,583 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010148362
1,740 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 9.7289523e-05
2,009 FLAT: Fast, Lightweight and Accurate Method for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 9.1813272e-05
2,190 Lero: A Learning-to-Rank Query Optimizer 2023 VLDB 8.8848923e-05
2,254 FINEdex: A Fine-grained Learned Index Scheme for Scalable and Concurrent Memory Systems 2022 VLDB 8.7429699e-05
2,348 Learned Cardinality Estimation: An In-depth Study 2022 SIGMOD 8.5910072e-05
2,523 Learned Cardinality Estimation: A Design Space Exploration and A Comparative Evaluation 2022 VLDB 8.3316032e-05
2,584 Fauce: Fast and Accurate Deep Ensembles with Uncertainty for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 8.2435322e-05
2,619 Zero-Shot Cost Models for Out-of-the-box Learned Cost Prediction 2022 VLDB 8.1985665e-05
2,696 Cost-based or Learning-based? A Hybrid Query Optimizer for Query Plan Selection 2022 VLDB 8.1068354e-05
2,852 FactorJoin: A New Cardinality Estimation Framework for Join Queries 2023 SIGMOD 7.9201312e-05
3,060 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 7.6828463e-05
3,105 A Learned Sketch for Subgraph Counting 2021 SIGMOD 7.6278115e-05
3,212 Efficiently Approximating Selectivity Functions using Low Overhead Regression Models 2020 VLDB 7.5145409e-05
3,269 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 7.463682e-05
3,555 Astrid: Accurate Selectivity Estimation for String Predicates using Deep Learning 2021 VLDB 7.1877332e-05
3,687 openGauss: An Autonomous Database System 2021 VLDB 7.0797286e-05
3,740 FACE: A Normalizing Flow based Cardinality Estimator 2022 VLDB 7.0398782e-05
3,959 MB2: Decomposed Behavior Modeling for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2021 SIGMOD 6.8804723e-05
3,966 Optimizing Machine Learning Inference Queries with Correlative Proxy Models 2022 VLDB 6.8776157e-05
4,101 Towards Dynamic and Safe Configuration Tuning for Cloud Databases 2022 SIGMOD 6.7930727e-05
4,315 ALECE: An Attention-based Learned Cardinality Estimator for SPJ Queries on Dynamic Workloads 2024 VLDB 6.6545412e-05
4,459 Warper: Efficiently Adapting Learned Cardinality Estimators to Data and Workload Drifts 2022 SIGMOD 6.5757572e-05
4,479 Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process 2022 SIGMOD 6.5665703e-05
4,549 One Model to Rule them All: Towards Zero-Shot Learning for Databases 2022 CIDR 6.5328866e-05
4,641 How Good are Learned Cost Models, Really? Insights from Query Optimization Tasks 2025 SIGMOD 6.4739208e-05
4,683 AutoSteer: Learned Query Optimization for Any SQL Database 2023 VLDB 6.4545989e-05
4,765 Machine Learning for Databases 2021 VLDB 6.4166895e-05
4,792 Learned Approximate Query Processing: Make it Light, Accurate and Fast 2021 CIDR 6.4010108e-05
4,833 Stage: Query Execution Time Prediction in Amazon Redshift 2024 SIGMOD 6.3834856e-05
4,882 LpBound: Pessimistic Cardinality Estimation using ℓp-Norms of Degree Sequences 2025 SIGMOD 6.3565046e-05
4,971 Debunking the Myth of Join Ordering: Toward Robust SQL Analytics 2025 SIGMOD 6.3209003e-05
5,075 SafeBound: A Practical System for Generating Cardinality Bounds 2023 SIGMOD 6.2721634e-05
5,237 SAM: Database Generation from Query Workloads with Supervised Autoregressive Models 2022 SIGMOD 6.2027113e-05
5,421 FILM: a Fully Learned Index for Larger-than-Memory Databases 2023 VLDB 6.1231965e-05
5,453 Eraser: Eliminating Performance Regression on Learned Query Optimizer 2024 VLDB 6.1077838e-05
5,457 Sample-Efficient Cardinality Estimation Using Geometric Deep Learning 2024 VLDB 6.1058928e-05
5,671 PGMJoins: Random Join Sampling with Graphical Models 2021 SIGMOD 6.026372e-05
5,713 PilotScope: Steering Databases with Machine Learning Drivers 2024 VLDB 6.0090633e-05
5,728 Detect, Distill and Update: Learned DB Systems Facing Out of Distribution Data 2023 SIGMOD 5.9979958e-05
5,804 A Neural Database for Differentially Private Spatial Range Queries 2022 VLDB 5.9716248e-05
5,837 Pre-training Summarization Models of Structured Datasets for Cardinality Estimation 2022 VLDB 5.9600736e-05
5,854 Modeling Shifting Workloads for Learned Database Systems 2024 SIGMOD 5.9520525e-05
5,911 Yannakakis+: Practical Acyclic Query Evaluation with Theoretical Guarantees 2025 SIGMOD 5.9338021e-05
6,109 Is Your Learned Query Optimizer Behaving As You Expect? A Machine Learning Perspective 2024 VLDB 5.8676956e-05
6,113 Expand your Training Limits! Generating Training Data for ML-based Data Management 2021 SIGMOD 5.8662826e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 25 of 25 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
15 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00061463175
40 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046249672
84 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035920657
142 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00029114937
287 Selectivity Estimation using Probabilistic Models 2001 SIGMOD 0.00022060616
311 Approximate Query Processing Using Wavelets 2000 VLDB 0.00021315058
405 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019020138
453 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001801482
594 Wander Join: Online Aggregation via Random Walks 2016 SIGMOD 0.00015814493
689 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.00014725904
690 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00014703258
770 VerdictDB: Universalizing Approximate Query Processing 2018 SIGMOD 0.00014086699
845 BayesStore: Managing Large, Uncertain Data Repositories with Probabilistic Graphical Models 2008 VLDB 0.00013493631
1,436 Towards a Learning Optimizer for Shared Clouds 2019 VLDB 0.00010658836
1,462 Querying Continuous Functions in a Database System 2008 SIGMOD 0.00010555763
1,804 IDEBench: A Benchmark for Interactive Data Exploration 2020 SIGMOD 9.5971444e-05
1,839 DBEst: Revisiting Approximate Query Processing Engines with Machine Learning Models 2019 SIGMOD 9.5187688e-05
2,040 Database Learning: Toward a Database that Becomes Smarter Every Time 2017 SIGMOD 9.1319608e-05
2,174 A Black-Box Approach to Query Cardinality Estimation 2007 CIDR 8.9067128e-05
2,249 Designing Succinct Secondary Indexing Mechanism by Exploiting Column Correlations 2019 SIGMOD 8.7479608e-05
2,310 Selectivity Estimation in Extensible Databases - A Neural Network Approach 1998 VLDB 8.6493038e-05
4,590 SlimShot: In-Database Probabilistic Inference for Knowledge Bases 2016 VLDB 6.5029123e-05
4,784 Probabilistic Databases with MarkoViews 2012 VLDB 6.4040482e-05
7,452 Local Structure and Determinism in Probabilistic Databases 2012 SIGMOD 5.510368e-05
8,183 Learning Statistical Models from Relational Data 2011 SIGMOD 5.3668563e-05
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