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openGauss: An Autonomous Database System

Summary: Autonomous DB framework integrating learning-based optimizers and advisors into openGauss: learned rewrite, learned cost/cardinality estimation, join-order and operator selection. Validation, training-data/model-management platforms, and real-world evaluation enable deployment in production data-management systems. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hb5f5dca40844cdcb
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
7.1016555e-05
Overall Rank
3,680 | 75.27%
DOI
10.14778/3476311.3476380
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{li_vldb21,
        title = {{openGauss: An Autonomous Database System}},
        author = {Li, Guoliang and Zhou, Xuanhe and Sun, Ji and Yu, Xiang and Han, Yue and Jin, Lianyuan and Li, Wenbo and Wang, Tianqing and Li, Shifu},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '21},
        volume = {14},
        number = {12},
        pages = {3028--3041},
        doi = {10.14778/3476311.3476380},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3476311.3476380},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 29 of 29 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,742 TranAD: Deep Transformer Networks for Anomaly Detection in Multivariate Time Series Data 2022 VLDB 9.7393078e-05
2,393 A Learned Query Rewrite System using Monte Carlo Tree Search 2022 VLDB 8.5298464e-05
2,518 Learned Cardinality Estimation: A Design Space Exploration and A Comparative Evaluation 2022 VLDB 8.3532841e-05
2,686 Cost-based or Learning-based? A Hybrid Query Optimizer for Query Plan Selection 2022 VLDB 8.1300913e-05
3,742 FACE: A Normalizing Flow based Cardinality Estimator 2022 VLDB 7.0564546e-05
3,779 HTAP Databases: What is New and What is Next 2022 SIGMOD 7.0234898e-05
4,384 R-Bot: An LLM-based Query Rewrite System 2025 VLDB 6.6232918e-05
4,470 Real-time Workload Pattern Analysis for Large-scale Cloud Databases 2023 VLDB 6.5833414e-05
4,743 Machine Learning for Databases 2021 VLDB 6.4379536e-05
4,885 Hu-Fu: Efficient and Secure Spatial Queries over Data Federation 2022 VLDB 6.3680345e-05
5,700 PilotScope: Steering Databases with Machine Learning Drivers 2024 VLDB 6.028998e-05
6,107 Breaking It Down: An In-depth Study of Index Advisors 2024 VLDB 5.8833461e-05
6,116 Equitable Data Valuation Meets the Right to Be Forgotten in Model Markets 2023 VLDB 5.8789701e-05
6,606 GaussDB: A Cloud-Native Multi-Primary Database with Compute-Memory-Storage Disaggregation 2024 VLDB 5.7365479e-05
7,238 RCRank: Multimodal Ranking of Root Causes of Slow Queries in Cloud Database Systems 2025 VLDB 5.5764098e-05
7,499 DBMind: A Self-Driving Platform in openGauss 2021 VLDB 5.5077884e-05
7,546 Learned Offline Query Planning via Bayesian Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 5.4966669e-05
7,915 Tastes Great! Less Filling! High Performance and Accurate Training Data Collection for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2022 SIGMOD 5.4258674e-05
7,936 Including Bloom Filters in Bottom-up Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 5.4210921e-05
8,032 NeurDB: On the Design and Implementation of an AI-powered Autonomous Database 2025 CIDR 5.4017794e-05
8,053 Cloud Databases: New Techniques, Challenges, and Opportunities 2022 VLDB 5.3980482e-05
8,210 Grep: A Graph Learning Based Database Partitioning System 2023 SIGMOD 5.3761621e-05
8,808 PACE: Poisoning Attacks on Learned Cardinality Estimation 2024 SIGMOD 5.2717563e-05
9,010 ByteCard: Enhancing ByteDance’s Data Warehouse with Learned Cardinality Estimation 2024 SIGMOD 5.2371313e-05
9,189 FEBench: A Benchmark for Real-Time Relational Data Feature Extraction 2023 VLDB 5.2097224e-05
9,711 Database Gyms 2023 CIDR 5.1352441e-05
9,717 Chimera: Mitigating Ownership Transfers in Multi-Primary Shared-Storage Cloud-Native Databases 2025 VLDB 5.1346445e-05
10,418 AgenticScholar: Agentic Data Management with Pipeline Orchestration for Scholarly Corpora 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
11,453 LASER: Buffer-Aware Learned Query Scheduling in Master-Standby Databases 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 38 of 38 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
78 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00036675568
85 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035876108
109 Extensible/Rule Based Query Rewrite Optimization in Starburst 1992 SIGMOD 0.00032757423
144 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00029090793
224 Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2017 CIDR 0.00024011047
314 An End-to-End Automatic Cloud Database Tuning System Using Deep Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 0.00021276452
318 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00021166957
378 AutoAdmin "What-if" Index Analysis Utility 1998 SIGMOD 0.00019541534
379 Apache Calcite: A Foundational Framework for Optimized Query Processing Over Heterogeneous Data Sources 2018 SIGMOD 0.00019507406
406 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019050182
437 QTune: A Query-Aware Database Tuning System with Deep Reinforcement Learning 2019 VLDB 0.00018310278
462 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.00017836105
510 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00017059914
555 SageDB: A Learned Database System 2019 CIDR 0.0001650754
560 Plan-Structured Deep Neural Network Models for Query Performance Prediction 2019 VLDB 0.00016408613
598 Automatic Performance Diagnosis and Tuning in Oracle 2005 CIDR 0.0001575517
629 Performance Prediction for Concurrent Database Workloads 2011 SIGMOD 0.00015428007
726 Left-Deep Vs. Bushy Trees: An Analysis Of Strategy Spaces And Its Implications For Query Optimization 1991 SIGMOD 0.00014459508
783 DBSherlock: A Performance Diagnostic Tool for Transactional Databases 2016 SIGMOD 0.0001401708
1,068 Automated Demand-driven Resource Scaling in Relational Database-as-a-Service 2016 SIGMOD 0.00012186505
1,155 QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011777046
1,396 Magic mirror in my hand, which is the best in the land? An Experimental Evaluation of Index Selection Algorithms 2020 VLDB 0.00010788714
1,512 Cloud-Native Database Systems at Alibaba: Opportunities and Challenges 2019 VLDB 0.00010425349
1,605 SkinnerDB: Regret-Bounded Query Evaluation via Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010095581
1,747 Selecting Subexpressions to Materialize at Datacenter Scale 2018 VLDB 9.7303647e-05
1,849 Diagnosing Root Causes of Intermittent Slow Queries in Cloud Databases 2020 VLDB 9.5032324e-05
2,625 Statistical Learning Techniques for Costing XML Queries 2005 VLDB 8.206615e-05
2,837 Query Performance Prediction for Concurrent Queries using Graph Embedding 2020 VLDB 7.9495917e-05
2,908 AI Meets Database: AI4DB and DB4AI 2021 SIGMOD 7.8716173e-05
3,032 iBTune: Individualized Buffer Tuning for Large-scale Cloud Databases 2019 VLDB 7.7317595e-05
3,519 Towards Predicting Query Execution Time for Concurrent and Dynamic Database Workloads 2013 VLDB 7.2361015e-05
4,007 Automated Generation of Materialized Views in Oracle 2020 VLDB 6.8561069e-05
4,258 Query Optimization in Oracle 12c Database In-Memory 2015 VLDB 6.6975242e-05
4,743 Machine Learning for Databases 2021 VLDB 6.4379536e-05
5,035 Why Did My Query Slow Down? 2009 CIDR 6.3020913e-05
6,113 iQCAR: inter-Query Contention Analyzer for Data Analytics Frameworks 2019 SIGMOD 5.880013e-05
6,280 Fast and Effective Distribution-Key Recommendation for Amazon Redshift 2020 VLDB 5.8239136e-05
7,499 DBMind: A Self-Driving Platform in openGauss 2021 VLDB 5.5077884e-05
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