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Machine Learning for Databases

Summary: Tutorial on ML-driven database optimization, spanning NP-hard search, regression (cost/cardinality and benefit estimation), and workload prediction tasks. Reviews techniques for cloud-scale tuning, plan selection, physical design, and forecasting, and identifies open challenges. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
h18d7d0321267f00b
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
6.4379536e-05
Overall Rank
4,743 | 68.13%
DOI
10.14778/3476311.3476405
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{li_vldb21,
        title = {{Machine Learning for Databases}},
        author = {Li, Guoliang and Zhou, Xuanhe and Cao, Lei},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '21},
        volume = {14},
        number = {12},
        pages = {3190--3193},
        doi = {10.14778/3476311.3476405},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3476311.3476405},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 15 of 15 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
2,393 A Learned Query Rewrite System using Monte Carlo Tree Search 2022 VLDB 8.5298464e-05
2,518 Learned Cardinality Estimation: A Design Space Exploration and A Comparative Evaluation 2022 VLDB 8.3532841e-05
3,680 openGauss: An Autonomous Database System 2021 VLDB 7.1016555e-05
3,742 FACE: A Normalizing Flow based Cardinality Estimator 2022 VLDB 7.0564546e-05
4,444 From BERT to GPT-3 Codex: Harnessing the Potential of Very Large Language Models for Data Management 2022 VLDB 6.5957098e-05
4,485 LearnedSQLGen: Constraint-aware SQL Generation using Reinforcement Learning 2022 SIGMOD 6.5771335e-05
4,727 LLM for Data Management 2024 VLDB 6.4461562e-05
6,636 Join Order Selection with Deep Reinforcement Learning: Fundamentals, Techniques, and Challenges 2023 VLDB 5.7243042e-05
6,732 A Unified and Efficient Coordinating Framework for Autonomous DBMS Tuning 2023 SIGMOD 5.6921776e-05
8,053 Cloud Databases: New Techniques, Challenges, and Opportunities 2022 VLDB 5.3980482e-05
8,643 PBench: Workload Synthesizer with Real Statistics for Cloud Analytics Benchmarking 2025 VLDB 5.2956539e-05
10,652 ESTune: Bayesian Uncertainty-Guided Early Stopping for Database Configuration Tuning 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,935 Benchmarking Native In-Database TPCx-AI at 100 Terabytes in Ocient Hyperscale Data Warehouse: An Eight-Use-Case Study of Classical and Statistical ML on Relational Primitives 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,431 Learned Cost Models for Query Optimization: From Batch to Streaming Systems 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,921 Machine Programming: Turning Data into Programmer Productivity 2022 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 35 of 35 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
78 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00036675568
85 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035876108
144 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00029090793
314 An End-to-End Automatic Cloud Database Tuning System Using Deep Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 0.00021276452
318 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00021166957
406 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00019050182
422 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00018488849
437 QTune: A Query-Aware Database Tuning System with Deep Reinforcement Learning 2019 VLDB 0.00018310278
461 Query-based Workload Forecasting for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2018 SIGMOD 0.00017841988
462 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.00017836105
560 Plan-Structured Deep Neural Network Models for Query Performance Prediction 2019 VLDB 0.00016408613
691 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00014737455
869 Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes 2020 SIGMOD 0.00013363241
1,068 Automated Demand-driven Resource Scaling in Relational Database-as-a-Service 2016 SIGMOD 0.00012186505
1,155 QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011777046
1,280 AI Meets AI: Leveraging Query Executions to Improve Index Recommendations 2019 SIGMOD 0.00011224914
1,289 An Inquiry into Machine Learning-based Automatic Configuration Tuning Services on Real-World Database Management Systems 2021 VLDB 0.00011159167
1,396 Magic mirror in my hand, which is the best in the land? An Experimental Evaluation of Index Selection Algorithms 2020 VLDB 0.00010788714
1,580 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010177136
1,605 SkinnerDB: Regret-Bounded Query Evaluation via Reinforcement Learning 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010095581
1,699 Black or White? How to Develop an AutoTuner for Memory-based Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 9.8403606e-05
1,891 Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn 2019 CIDR 9.4233024e-05
2,278 Active Learning for ML Enhanced Database Systems 2020 SIGMOD 8.7057608e-05
2,476 Learning a Partitioning Advisor for Cloud Databases 2020 SIGMOD 8.407183e-05
2,721 ResTune: Resource Oriented Tuning Boosted by Meta-Learning for Cloud Databases 2021 SIGMOD 8.0931221e-05
2,837 Query Performance Prediction for Concurrent Queries using Graph Embedding 2020 VLDB 7.9495917e-05
2,908 AI Meets Database: AI4DB and DB4AI 2021 SIGMOD 7.8716173e-05
3,032 iBTune: Individualized Buffer Tuning for Large-scale Cloud Databases 2019 VLDB 7.7317595e-05
3,053 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 7.7041081e-05
3,680 openGauss: An Autonomous Database System 2021 VLDB 7.1016555e-05
3,718 Machine Learning and Databases: The Sound of Things to Come or a Cacophony of Hype? 2015 SIGMOD 7.0703796e-05
3,979 Efficient Deep Learning Pipelines for Accurate Cost Estimations Over Large Scale Query Workload 2021 SIGMOD 6.8791817e-05
4,690 Learned Cardinality Estimation for Similarity Queries 2021 SIGMOD 6.4667478e-05
7,499 DBMind: A Self-Driving Platform in openGauss 2021 VLDB 5.5077884e-05
8,857 Machine Learning Meets Big Spatial Data 2019 VLDB 5.2621882e-05
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