WISK: A Workload-aware Learned Index for Spatial Keyword Queries

Summary: WISK is a workload-aware learned index for spatial keyword queries, adapting to the workload distribution. It partitions data into cost-minimizing blocks (NP-hard) and builds an RL-guided hierarchy to prune, achieving up to 8x speedups with similar storage. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: hcd0755cfea77364a
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2023
Pagerank: 5.3794981e-05
Overall Rank: 8,196 | 44.90%
DOI: 10.1145/3589332

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Yufan Sheng (University of New South Wales)
2. Xin Cao (University of New South Wales)
3. Yixiang Fang (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
4. Kaiqi Zhao (University of Auckland)
5. Jianzhong Qi (University of Melbourne)
6. Gao Cong (Nanyang Technological University)
7. Wenjie Zhang (University of New South Wales)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{sheng_sigmod23,
        title = {{WISK: A Workload-aware Learned Index for Spatial Keyword Queries}},
        author = {Sheng, Yufan and Cao, Xin and Fang, Yixiang and Zhao, Kaiqi and Qi, Jianzhong and Cong, Gao and Zhang, Wenjie},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '23},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3589332},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3589332},
        year = {2023}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 6 of 6 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
6,863	Accelerating String-key Learned Index Structures via Memoization-based Incremental Training	2024	VLDB	5.6607844e-05
10,475	LINE: A Learned Index with Group-Enhanced Leaves and Cache-Optimized Inner Tree	2026	SIGMOD	4.9793485e-05
10,575	High Performance or Low Memory? An Updatable Learned Index Framework for Time-Space Tradeoff	2026	SIGMOD	4.9793485e-05
10,656	LM-Tree: A Hybrid Learned Index for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces	2026	SIGMOD	4.9793485e-05
11,057	A Workload-Aware Encrypted Index for Efficient Privacy-Preserving Range Queries	2026	VLDB	4.9793485e-05
11,257	ACE: A Cardinality Estimator for Set-Valued Queries	2025	VLDB	4.9793485e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 28 of 28 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
4	The R*-tree: An Efficient and Robust Access Method for Points and Rectangles	1990	SIGMOD	0.0011405675
13	Mining Association Rules between Sets of Items in Large Databases	1993	SIGMOD	0.00064420972
40	The Case for Learned Index Structures	2018	SIGMOD	0.00046284649
164	Mining Frequent Patterns without Candidate Generation	2000	SIGMOD	0.00027412227
371	STHoles: A Multidimensional Workload-Aware Histogram	2001	SIGMOD	0.00019829769
430	ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index	2020	SIGMOD	0.00018409112
460	Query-based Workload Forecasting for Self-Driving Database Management Systems	2018	SIGMOD	0.00017842695
463	The PGM-index: a fully-dynamic compressed learned index with provable worst-case bounds	2020	VLDB	0.00017804544
848	Benchmarking Learned Indexes	2021	VLDB	0.00013506188
868	Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes	2020	SIGMOD	0.00013354403
1,036	Fine-grained Partitioning for Aggressive Data Skipping	2014	SIGMOD	0.00012377471
1,064	Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation?	2021	VLDB	0.00012202282
1,132	Qd-tree: Learning Data Layouts for Big Data Analytics	2020	SIGMOD	0.00011898257
1,191	Tsunami: A Learned Multi-dimensional Index for Correlated Data and Skewed Workloads	2021	VLDB	0.00011590153
1,230	Efficient Query Processing in Geographic Web Search Engines	2006	SIGMOD	0.00011412036
1,446	LISA: A Learned Index Structure for Spatial Data	2020	SIGMOD	0.00010629222
1,477	Efficient Processing of Top-k Spatial Preference Queries	2011	VLDB	0.00010551239
1,550	Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions	2021	VLDB	0.00010282449
1,856	Efficient Retrieval of the Top-k Most Relevant Spatial Web Objects	2009	VLDB	9.4938262e-05
1,878	Effectively Learning Spatial Indices	2020	VLDB	9.4451309e-05
2,908	AI Meets Database: AI4DB and DB4AI	2021	SIGMOD	7.8742664e-05
3,045	Spatial Keyword Query Processing: An Experimental Evaluation	2013	VLDB	7.72015e-05
4,482	LearnedSQLGen: Constraint-aware SQL Generation using Reinforcement Learning	2022	SIGMOD	6.5802486e-05
4,574	Collective Spatial Keyword Querying	2011	SIGMOD	6.5257688e-05
4,850	The RLR-Tree: A Reinforcement Learning Based R-Tree for Spatial Data	2023	SIGMOD	6.3808017e-05
4,968	Budget-aware Index Tuning with Reinforcement Learning	2022	SIGMOD	6.3348803e-05
7,332	Selectivity Functions of Range Queries are Learnable*	2022	SIGMOD	5.5499953e-05
7,561	Selectivity Estimation on Streaming Spatio-Textual Data Using Local Correlations	2015	VLDB	5.4958573e-05

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1	4,797	Reverse Spatial and Textual k Nearest Neighbor Search	2011	SIGMOD
2	7,723	Efficient Computation of Top-k Frequent Terms over Spatio-temporal Ranges	2017	SIGMOD
3	11,752	TASK: An Efficient Framework for Instant Error-tolerant Spatial Keyword Queries on Road Networks	2023	VLDB
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