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LISA: A Learned Index Structure for Spatial Data

Summary: LISA applies learned indexing to spatial data: map 2D points to 1D keys, predict shards, and organize pages with local models. Lattice regression converts KNN to range queries and supports updates; experiments show storage and IO gains vs R-tree. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h3645ee7872c7b914
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2020
Pagerank
0.00010638444
Overall Rank
1,440 | 90.33%
DOI
10.1145/3318464.3389703

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{li_sigmod20,
        title = {{LISA: A Learned Index Structure for Spatial Data}},
        author = {Li, Pengfei and Lu, Hua and Zheng, Qian and Yang, Long and Pan, Gang},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '20},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3318464.3389703},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3318464.3389703},
        year = {2020}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 42 of 42 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,188 Tsunami: A Learned Multi-dimensional Index for Correlated Data and Skewed Workloads 2021 VLDB 0.00011598149
1,877 Effectively Learning Spatial Indices 2020 VLDB 9.4498401e-05
2,270 FINEdex: A Fine-grained Learned Index Scheme for Scalable and Concurrent Memory Systems 2022 VLDB 8.7166469e-05
2,582 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 8.2641447e-05
2,765 Instance-Optimized Data Layouts for Cloud Analytics Workloads 2021 SIGMOD 8.0401855e-05
2,861 APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory 2022 VLDB 7.9295281e-05
3,621 Learned Index: A Comprehensive Experimental Evaluation 2023 VLDB 7.1510804e-05
3,710 CARMI: A Cache-Aware Learned Index with a Cost-based Construction Algorithm 2022 VLDB 7.0775695e-05
4,362 NFL: Robust Learned Index via Distribution Transformation 2022 VLDB 6.6357559e-05
4,366 DILI: A Distribution-Driven Learned Index 2023 VLDB 6.6330579e-05
4,851 The RLR-Tree: A Reinforcement Learning Based R-Tree for Spatial Data 2023 SIGMOD 6.377837e-05
4,890 Can Learned Models Replace Hash Functions? 2023 VLDB 6.3663299e-05
5,043 LSched: A Workload-Aware Learned Query Scheduler for Analytical Database Systems 2022 SIGMOD 6.2979214e-05
5,378 Updatable Learned Indexes Meet Disk-Resident DBMS - From Evaluations to Design Choices 2023 SIGMOD 6.1551053e-05
5,405 FILM: a Fully Learned Index for Larger-than-Memory Databases 2023 VLDB 6.1435108e-05
6,597 LMSFC: A Novel Multidimensional Index based on Learned Monotonic Space Filling Curves 2023 VLDB 5.7386302e-05
6,613 Making In-Memory Learned Indexes Efficient on Disk 2024 SIGMOD 5.7326443e-05
6,715 Replicated Layout for In-Memory Database Systems 2022 VLDB 5.6989853e-05
6,787 SALI: A Scalable Adaptive Learned Index Framework based on Probability Models 2023 SIGMOD 5.6810904e-05
6,867 Accelerating String-key Learned Index Structures via Memoization-based Incremental Training 2024 VLDB 5.6581046e-05
8,204 WISK: A Workload-aware Learned Index for Spatial Keyword Queries 2023 SIGMOD 5.3769515e-05
8,282 Consistent and Flexible Selectivity Estimation for High-Dimensional Data 2021 SIGMOD 5.3616162e-05
8,374 Waffle: A Workload-Aware and Query-Sensitive Framework for Disk-Based Spatial Indexing 2023 VLDB 5.3425405e-05
8,540 AirIndex: Versatile Index Tuning Through Data and Storage 2023 SIGMOD 5.3192281e-05
8,888 Spatial Query Optimization With Learning 2024 VLDB 5.2543468e-05
9,484 PriPL-Tree: Accurate Range Query for Arbitrary Distribution under Local Differential Privacy 2024 VLDB 5.168414e-05
9,601 Can Learned Indexes be Built Efficiently? A Deep Dive into Sampling Trade-offs 2024 SIGMOD 5.153951e-05
9,746 LES3: Learning-based Exact Set Similarity Search 2021 VLDB 5.1325223e-05
9,926 Waffle: In-memory Grid Index for Moving Objects with Reinforcement Learning-based Configuration Tuning System 2022 VLDB 5.1079647e-05
10,007 BT-Tree: A Reinforcement Learning Based Index for Big Trajectory Data 2024 SIGMOD 5.0954911e-05
10,048 The Image Calculator: 10x Faster Image-AI Inference by Replacing JPEG with Self-designing Storage Format 2024 SIGMOD 5.0896901e-05
10,066 Finding Logic Bugs in Spatial Database Engines via Affine Equivalent Inputs 2024 SIGMOD 5.0851868e-05
10,172 PLATON: Top-down R-tree Packing with Learned Partition Policy 2023 SIGMOD 5.0658661e-05
10,188 SWIX: A Memory-efficient Sliding Window Learned Index 2024 SIGMOD 5.0628015e-05
10,307 DobLIX: A Dual-Objective Learned Index for Log-Structured Merge Trees 2025 VLDB 5.0392037e-05
10,486 LINE: A Learned Index with Group-Enhanced Leaves and Cache-Optimized Inner Tree 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,491 Mathematical Foundations of Poisoning Attacks on Linear Regression over Cumulative Distribution Functions 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,586 High Performance or Low Memory? An Updatable Learned Index Framework for Time-Space Tradeoff 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,667 LM-Tree: A Hybrid Learned Index for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
11,073 LiBox: A Learned Index as an Array to Minimize Last-Mile Search 2026 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,286 BLAEQ: A Multigrid Index for Spatial Query on Geometry Data 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
11,453 LASER: Buffer-Aware Learned Query Scheduling in Master-Standby Databases 2025 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 9 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
2 R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching 1984 SIGMOD 0.0019923528
4 The R*-tree: An Efficient and Robust Access Method for Points and Rectangles 1990 SIGMOD 0.0011402175
28 Nearest Neighbor Queries 1995 SIGMOD 0.00051292389
40 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046363107
44 The R+-Tree: A Dynamic Multi-Dimensional Index for Objects 1987 VLDB 0.00045319457
56 M-tree: An Efficient Access Method for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces 1997 VLDB 0.00040363819
336 Hilbert R-tree: An Improved R-tree Using Fractals 1994 VLDB 0.00020652147
555 SageDB: A Learned Database System 2019 CIDR 0.0001650754
2,199 Integrating the UB-Tree into a Database System Kernel 2000 VLDB 8.8732148e-05
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