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FINEdex: A Fine-grained Learned Index Scheme for Scalable and Concurrent Memory Systems

Summary: FINEdex builds independent, fine-grained learned models on a flattened data layout to minimize data dependency and enable in-place, concurrent lookups. Non-blocking retraining avoids large delta-buffers, delivering up to 1.8x–2.5x speedups over XIndex and Masstree (open-source). (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h640ecbddbc798012
Venue
VLDB
Year
2022
Pagerank
8.7166469e-05
Overall Rank
2,270 | 84.75%
DOI
10.14778/3489496.3489512
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{li_vldb22,
        title = {{FINEdex: A Fine-grained Learned Index Scheme for Scalable and Concurrent Memory Systems}},
        author = {Li, Pengfei and Hua, Yu and Jia, Jingnan and Zuo, Pengfei},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '22},
        volume = {15},
        number = {2},
        pages = {321--334},
        doi = {10.14778/3489496.3489512},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3489496.3489512},
        year = {2022}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 28 of 28 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
2,582 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 8.2641447e-05
3,621 Learned Index: A Comprehensive Experimental Evaluation 2023 VLDB 7.1510804e-05
4,155 LeCo: Lightweight Compression via Learning Serial Correlations 2024 SIGMOD 6.7730383e-05
4,366 DILI: A Distribution-Driven Learned Index 2023 VLDB 6.6330579e-05
4,635 PLIN: A Persistent Learned Index for Non-Volatile Memory with High Performance and Instant Recovery 2023 VLDB 6.4904555e-05
5,378 Updatable Learned Indexes Meet Disk-Resident DBMS - From Evaluations to Design Choices 2023 SIGMOD 6.1551053e-05
5,405 FILM: a Fully Learned Index for Larger-than-Memory Databases 2023 VLDB 6.1435108e-05
6,613 Making In-Memory Learned Indexes Efficient on Disk 2024 SIGMOD 5.7326443e-05
6,787 SALI: A Scalable Adaptive Learned Index Framework based on Probability Models 2023 SIGMOD 5.6810904e-05
6,867 Accelerating String-key Learned Index Structures via Memoization-based Incremental Training 2024 VLDB 5.6581046e-05
7,082 LITS: An Optimized Learned Index for Strings 2024 VLDB 5.6010119e-05
7,297 Hyper: A High-Performance and Memory-Efficient Learned Index via Hybrid Construction 2024 SIGMOD 5.5609237e-05
8,208 Algorithmic Complexity Attacks on Dynamic Learned Indexes 2024 VLDB 5.3761984e-05
8,619 Limousine: Blending Learned and Classical Indexes to Self-Design Larger-than-Memory Cloud Storage Engines 2024 SIGMOD 5.3001199e-05
8,761 A New Paradigm in Tuning Learned Indexes: A Reinforcement Learning Enhanced Approach 2025 SIGMOD 5.2821881e-05
9,484 PriPL-Tree: Accurate Range Query for Arbitrary Distribution under Local Differential Privacy 2024 VLDB 5.168414e-05
9,601 Can Learned Indexes be Built Efficiently? A Deep Dive into Sampling Trade-offs 2024 SIGMOD 5.153951e-05
9,733 Outback: Fast and Communication-efficient Index for Key-Value Store on Disaggregated Memory 2025 VLDB 5.1325223e-05
9,782 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 5.129066e-05
10,188 SWIX: A Memory-efficient Sliding Window Learned Index 2024 SIGMOD 5.0628015e-05
10,485 LICO: An SIMD-Aware High-Performance Learned Inverted Index Compression Framework 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,486 LINE: A Learned Index with Group-Enhanced Leaves and Cache-Optimized Inner Tree 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,491 Mathematical Foundations of Poisoning Attacks on Linear Regression over Cumulative Distribution Functions 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,500 On Self-Designing Learned Indexes 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,569 DepCache: A KV Cache Management Framework for GraphRAG with Dependency Attention 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,586 High Performance or Low Memory? An Updatable Learned Index Framework for Time-Space Tradeoff 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
10,659 HIRE: A Hybrid Learned Index for Robust and Efficient Performance under Mixed Workloads 2026 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
11,131 VEGA: An Active-tuning Learned Index with Group-Wise Learning Granularity 2025 SIGMOD 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 18 of 18 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
40 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00046363107
68 Making B+-Trees Cache Conscious in Main Memory 2000 SIGMOD 0.00037957995
206 Cache Conscious Indexing for Decision-Support in Main Memory 1999 VLDB 0.00024981343
277 FAST: Fast Architecture Sensitive Tree Search on Modern CPUs and GPUs 2010 SIGMOD 0.00022320139
318 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00021166957
422 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00018488849
458 The PGM-index: a fully-dynamic compressed learned index with provable worst-case bounds 2020 VLDB 0.00017880664
768 FITing-Tree: A Data-aware Index Structure 2019 SIGMOD 0.00014107655
835 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00013575971
960 Reducing the Storage Overhead of Main-Memory OLTP Databases with Hybrid Indexes 2016 SIGMOD 0.0001283613
1,188 Tsunami: A Learned Multi-dimensional Index for Correlated Data and Skewed Workloads 2021 VLDB 0.00011598149
1,440 LISA: A Learned Index Structure for Spatial Data 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010638444
1,506 BF-Tree: Approximate Tree Indexing 2014 VLDB 0.00010448376
1,716 Cache-Conscious Concurrency Control of Main-Memory Indexes on Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Systems 2001 VLDB 9.8041694e-05
1,731 Indexable PLA for Efficient Similarity Search 2007 VLDB 9.7633789e-05
3,198 CDFShop: Exploring and Optimizing Learned Index Structures 2020 SIGMOD 7.5422544e-05
3,374 A Hybrid B+-tree as Solution for In-Memory Indexing on CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Platforms 2016 SIGMOD 7.3606793e-05
6,806 Petabyte Scale Databases and Storage Systems at Facebook 2013 SIGMOD 5.6768452e-05
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