DBScholar

Back to papers

Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning

Summary: Proposes MSCN, a multi-set convolutional network that encodes relational query plans with set semantics to learn cardinalities and capture join-crossing correlations. Combines deep learning with sampling to handle zero-sample cases, yielding much better estimates on real-world data. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hac0e2fce2cb9474d
Venue
CIDR
Year
2019
Pagerank
0.00035864347
Overall Rank
85 | 99.44%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{kipf_cidr19,
        address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands},
        series = {{CIDR} '19},
        title = {{Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning}},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Conference} on {Innovative} {Data} {Systems} {Research}},
        author = {Kipf, Andreas and Kipf, Thomas and Radke, Bernhard and Leis, Viktor and Boncz, Peter and Kemper, Alfons},
        year = {2019}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 184 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
4,132 SQLStorm: Taking Database Benchmarking into the LLM Era 2025 VLDB 6.7885553e-05
4,137 The Art of Balance: A RateupDB Experience of Building a CPU/GPU Hybrid Database Product 2021 VLDB 6.7861661e-05
4,202 Kepler: Robust Learning for Faster Parametric Query Optimization 2023 SIGMOD 6.7374091e-05
4,293 A Method for Optimizing Opaque Filter Queries 2020 SIGMOD 6.6819917e-05
4,311 ALECE: An Attention-based Learned Cardinality Estimator for SPJ Queries on Dynamic Workloads 2024 VLDB 6.6727978e-05
4,457 Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process 2022 SIGMOD 6.5913732e-05
4,538 One Model to Rule them All: Towards Zero-Shot Learning for Databases 2022 CIDR 6.553705e-05
4,563 Warper: Efficiently Adapting Learned Cardinality Estimators to Data and Workload Drifts 2022 SIGMOD 6.5320994e-05
4,683 AutoSteer: Learned Query Optimization for Any SQL Database 2023 VLDB 6.4716143e-05
4,688 Learned Cardinality Estimation for Similarity Queries 2021 SIGMOD 6.4697463e-05
4,707 PreQR: Pre-training Representation for SQL Understanding 2022 SIGMOD 6.4587914e-05
4,711 Learned Index Benefits: Machine Learning Based Index Performance Estimation 2022 VLDB 6.4573842e-05
4,741 Machine Learning for Databases 2021 VLDB 6.4410027e-05
4,781 Learned Approximate Query Processing: Make it Light, Accurate and Fast 2021 CIDR 6.4162085e-05
4,852 LpBound: Pessimistic Cardinality Estimation using ℓp-Norms of Degree Sequences 2025 SIGMOD 6.3806134e-05
4,890 Can Learned Models Replace Hash Functions? 2023 VLDB 6.3682031e-05
4,950 Debunking the Myth of Join Ordering: Toward Robust SQL Analytics 2025 SIGMOD 6.3421691e-05
5,003 COMPASS: Online Sketch-based Query Optimization for In-Memory Databases 2021 SIGMOD 6.3188773e-05
5,022 Analyzing the Impact of Cardinality Estimation on Execution Plans in Microsoft SQL Server 2023 VLDB 6.3100988e-05
5,041 LSched: A Workload-Aware Learned Query Scheduler for Analytical Database Systems 2022 SIGMOD 6.3006152e-05
5,110 Steering Query Optimizers: A Practical Take on Big Data Workloads 2021 SIGMOD 6.269351e-05
5,126 Monotonic Cardinality Estimation of Similarity Selection: A Deep Learning Approach 2020 SIGMOD 6.261175e-05
5,209 SAM: Database Generation from Query Workloads with Supervised Autoregressive Models 2022 SIGMOD 6.2262056e-05
5,219 SafeBound: A Practical System for Generating Cardinality Bounds 2023 SIGMOD 6.222726e-05
5,241 FASTgres: Making Learned Query Optimizer Hinting Effective 2023 VLDB 6.2154384e-05
5,456 Eraser: Eliminating Performance Regression on Learned Query Optimizer 2024 VLDB 6.1239873e-05
5,481 A Comparative Study and Component Analysis of Query Plan Representation Techniques in ML4DB Studies 2024 VLDB 6.1125124e-05
5,649 Sample-Efficient Cardinality Estimation Using Geometric Deep Learning 2024 VLDB 6.052326e-05
5,674 HMAB: Self-Driving Hierarchy of Bandits for Integrated Physical Database Design Tuning 2023 VLDB 6.0430252e-05
5,683 How Good are Learned Cost Models, Really? Insights from Query Optimization Tasks 2025 SIGMOD 6.0392183e-05
5,716 Detect, Distill and Update: Learned DB Systems Facing Out of Distribution Data 2023 SIGMOD 6.0194657e-05
5,831 Joins on Samples: A Theoretical Guide for Practitioners 2020 VLDB 5.9782109e-05
5,840 Pre-training Summarization Models of Structured Datasets for Cardinality Estimation 2022 VLDB 5.9737703e-05
5,865 Modeling Shifting Workloads for Learned Database Systems 2024 SIGMOD 5.9659203e-05
5,871 PilotScope: Steering Databases with Machine Learning Drivers 2024 VLDB 5.9639223e-05
5,908 Quantum-Inspired Digital Annealing for Join Ordering 2024 VLDB 5.9506986e-05
5,974 Towards instance-optimized data systems 2021 VLDB 5.9305575e-05
6,080 From Auto-tuning One Size Fits All to Self-designed and Learned Data-intensive Systems 2019 SIGMOD 5.8924903e-05
6,105 Breaking It Down: An In-depth Study of Index Advisors 2024 VLDB 5.8860941e-05
6,141 Expand your Training Limits! Generating Training Data for ML-based Data Management 2021 SIGMOD 5.8733296e-05
6,416 A Unified Transferable Model for ML-Enhanced DBMS 2022 CIDR 5.7920805e-05
6,469 Cardinality Estimation over Knowledge Graphs with Embeddings and Graph Neural Networks 2024 SIGMOD 5.7743636e-05
6,660 Speeding Up End-to-end Query Execution via Learning-based Progressive Cardinality Estimation 2023 SIGMOD 5.7178404e-05
6,710 Simple Adaptive Query Processing vs. Learned Query Optimizers: Observations and Analysis 2023 VLDB 5.7019157e-05
6,753 Multi-Tenant Cloud Data Services: State-of-the-Art, Challenges and Opportunities 2022 SIGMOD 5.6904085e-05
6,791 dbET: Execution Time Distribution-based Plan Selection 2023 SIGMOD 5.6811782e-05
6,818 ASM: Harmonizing Autoregressive Model, Sampling, and Multi-dimensional Statistics Merging for Cardinality Estimation 2024 SIGMOD 5.672718e-05
6,884 LPLM: A Neural Language Model for Cardinality Estimation of LIKE-Queries 2024 SIGMOD 5.6563432e-05
7,033 Rethinking Learned Cost Models: Why Start from Scratch? 2023 SIGMOD 5.6168499e-05
7,166 Learning to Sample: Counting with Complex Queries 2020 VLDB 5.5949741e-05
Previous Page 2 / 4 Next

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Previous Page 1 / 1 Next

Semantically Similar Papers